Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Cladus: Craniata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Subsectio: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Infraclassis: Aves
Ordo: Passeriformes
Subordo: Passeri
Infraordo: Passerida
Superfamilia: Passeroidea
Familia: Nectariniidae
Genus: Aethopyga
Species: Aethopyga siparaja
Subspecies: A. s. beccarii - A. s. cara - A. s. flavostriata - A. s. heliogona - A. s. insularis - A. s. labecula - A. s. magnifica - A. s. mangini - A. s. natunae - A. s. nicobarica - A. s. owstoni - A. s. seheriae - A. s. siparaja - A. s. tonkinensis - A. s. trangensis
Name
Aethopyga siparaja (Raffles, 1822)
References
Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (1) 13: 299.
Aethopyga siparaja seheriae, John Gerrard Keulemans
Aethopyga siparaja flavostriata, John Gerrard Keulemans
Vernacular names
English: Crimson Sunbird
español: Suimanga siparaja
suomi: Karmiinimedestäjä
français: Souimanga siparaja
magyar: Skarlát nektármadár
Bahasa Melayu: Burung Kelicap Sepah Raja Kesumba
中文: 黄腰太阳鸟
The crimson sunbird (Aethopyga siparaja) is a species of bird in the sunbird family which feed largely on nectar, although they will also take insects, especially when feeding the young. Flight is fast and direct on their short wings. Most species can take nectar by hovering like a hummingbird, but usually perch to feed.
It is also the national bird of Singapore.
Description
Crimson sunbirds are tiny, only 11 cm long. They have medium-length thin down-curved bills and brush-tipped tubular tongues, both adaptations to their nectar feeding. The adult male has a crimson breast and maroon back. The rump is yellow and the belly is olive. The female has an olive-green back, yellowish breast and white tips to the outer tail feathers. In most of the range, males have a long green-blue tail, but A.s. nicobarica of the Nicobar Islands and the former subspecies A. vigorsii (Western crimson sunbird) of the Western Ghats of India lack the long central tail feathers. Their call is chee-cheewee.
Male Feeding on Hibiscus sp.
Distribution and habitats
The crimson sunbird is a resident breeder in tropical southern Asia from India, through Nepal, Bangladesh and Myanmar to Indonesia and Brunei Darussalam. Two or three eggs are laid in a suspended nest in a tree. This species occurs in forest and cultivated areas.
References
BirdLife International (2016). "Aethopyga siparaja". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T103804411A94566535. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T103804411A94566535.en.
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