Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Cladus: Craniata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Subsectio: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Cladus: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Euornithes
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Ornithurae
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Ordo: Charadriiformes
Subordo: Alcae
Familia: Alcidae
Genus: Aethia
Species: Aethia pygmaea
Subspecies: A. p. camtschatica - A. p. pygmaea
Name
Aethia pygmaea (Gmelin, 1789)
References
Systema Naturae 1 pt2 p. 555
Vernacular names
čeština: Alkounek drobný
Esperanto: Pigmea aŭko
suomi: Hapsukiislanen
polski: Nurniczek wąsaty
русский: Малая конюга
Türkçe: Sakallı dalıcımartı
The whiskered auklet (Aethia pygmaea) is a small seabird of the auk family. It has a more restricted range than other members of its genus, Aethia, living only around the Aleutian Islands and on some islands off Siberia (like Commander Islands), and breeding on these islands. It is one of the smallest alcids, only the closely related least auklet being smaller. Its name is derived from the long white feathers on its face that are part of its breeding plumage.
The whiskered auklet is a poorly studied species and much research needs to be undertaken on the species. It was originally described as two different species, from specimens collected at different ends of its range, however research has shown that it is a single species with clinal variation along its range. It is not thought to undertake migration, but instead attends its breeding islands year round, and has been shown to roost on land all year round, an unusual trait in the family.[2] Whiskered auklets lay a single egg in a rocky crevice, in loose colonies with other whiskered auklets and also other colonial seabirds. Both parents take part in incubation and chick rearing. The whiskers have been shown to help them sense their way to and out of their nests at night.[3]
Whiskered auklets feed in the inshore zone, usually within 16 km of land, where tidal currents concentrate their prey into dense swarms. They feed predominantly on copepods during the summer months, mostly on the species Neocalanus plumchrus; and switching to euphausiid krill in the fall and winter.
Description
An odd characteristic of this bird, which is also shared with the Crested Auklet, is that its plumage smells of citrus.
Fishing boats pose a huge threat to this bird, since it is attracted to lights at night.[4]
References
BirdLife International (2020). "Aethia pygmaea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22694918A168850776. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22694918A168850776.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
Schacter, Carley R.; Jones, Ian L. (July 2018). "Confirmed year-round residence and land roosting of Whiskered Auklets (Aethia pygmaea) at Buldir Island, Alaska". The Auk. 135 (3): 706–715. doi:10.1642/AUK-17-235.1. S2CID 53308405.
Seneviratne, Sampath S. & Ian L. Jones (2008) Mechanosensory function for facial ornamentation in the whiskered auklet, a crevice-dwelling seabird. Behavioral Ecology Advance Access. DOI 10.1093/beheco/arn029
Whiskered Auklet | Audubon Field Guide: “Conservation Status” https://www.audubon.org/field-guide/bird/whiskered-auklet
"Aethia pygmaea". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 24 February 2009.
Byrd, G. V. and J. C. Williams. 1993. Whiskered Auklet (Aethia pygmaea). In The Birds of North America, No. 76 (A. Poole and F. Gill, Eds.). Philadelphia: The Academy of Natural Sciences; Washington, D.C.: The American Ornithologists’ Union.
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