Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Classis: Arachnida
Ordo: Araneae
Subordo: Opisthothelae
Infraordo: Araneomorphae
Taxon: Neocribellatae
Series: Entelegynae
Sectio: Dionycha
Familia: Zoridae
Genus: Zora
Species: Zora spinimana
Name
Zora spinimana (Sundevall, 1833)
Synonyms
Lycaena spinimana Sundevall, 1833
Zora spinimana — C. L. Koch, 1847
References
Sundevall, J. C. 1833. Svenska spindlarnes beskrifning. Fortsättning och slut. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps Academiens nya Handlingar 1832: 172–272. [266 (D♀)]
Koch, C. L. 1847. Die Arachniden. Nürnberg, Vierzehnter Band, pp. 89-210, Funfzehnter Band, pp. 1-136, Sechszehnter Band, pp. 1-80. [102, f. 1343-1344]
Platnick, N. I. 2009. The World Spider Catalog, version 9.5. American Museum of Natural History. [1]
Vernacular names
日本語: シボグモモドキ
Zora spinimana is a prowling spider of the family Miturgidae with a Palearctic distribution. It is the type species of the genus Zora.[1]
Description
The females are 5-7.7 mm in length, the males 4.5–5 mm. The epigyne has a small groove and a larger spermatheca.[2] The species is very similar to Zora silvestris but the brown lateral bands on the carapace are narrower than the yellow bands, whereas in Z. silvestris the brown lateral bands are wider than the yellowish bands. Z. spinimana is slightly larger than Z. silvestris and the overall yellow colour of Z. spinimana has a warmer hue. Z. spinimana has three pairs of ventral spines on metatarsus I and II, but Z. silvestris has only two.[3]
Biology
The female is often found sitting on a white sheet of silk which she spins to protect her egg sac. Adults, of both sexes, may be recorded throughout the year, but mostly from late spring into the autumn, with two apparent peaks in early to mid-summer and the autumn.[4]
Habitat
The species is often found in grassland, normally near the ground in grass roots and leaf litter but also under stones or other objects. It can also be found in other habitats such as heathland, open woodland and raised bogs.[4]
Distribution
Zora spinimana has a Palearctic distribution.[1] In Europe this is a common species in western and central Europe but in Great Britain it is commoner in the south and in eastern Scotland but it becomes more localised in northern England and western Scotland.[4]
References
"Zora spinimana (Sundevall, 1833)". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 25 September 2016.
"Zora spinimana (Sundevall, 1833)". Nentwig W, Blick T, Gloor D, Hänggi A, Kropf C: Spiders of Europe. Retrieved 25 September 2016.
"Zora spinimana (Sundevall, 1833)". University of Copenhagen/Natural History Museum, Aarhus. Retrieved 25 September 2016.
"Summary for Zora spinimana (Araneae)". British Arachnological Society. Retrieved 25 September 2016.
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