Tetrablemmidae

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Classis: Arachnida
Ordo: Araneae
Subordo: Opisthothelae
Infraordo: Araneomorphae
Taxon: Neocribellatae
Series: Haplogynae
Superfamilia: Caponioidea

Familia: Tetrablemmidae
Subfamiliae: Pacullinae – Tetrablemminae
Genera: Ablemma – Afroblemma – †Alticorona – Anansia – Bacillemma – †Bicornoculus – Borneomma – †Brignoliblemma – Brignoliella – Caraimatta – Choiroblemma – Cuangoblemma – †Cymbioblemma –†Electroblemma – †Eogamasomorpha – Fallablemma – †Furcembolus – Gunasekara – Hexablemma – Indicoblemma – Lamania – Lehtinenia – †Longissithorax – †Longithorax – Maijana – Mariblemma – Matta – Micromatta – Monoblemma – Paculla – Pahanga – †Palpalpaculla – Perania – †Procerclypeus – Rhinoblemma – Sabahya – †Saetosoma – Shearella – Sinamma – Singalangia – Singaporemma – Sulaimania – †Tenuicephalus – Tetrablemma – †Uniscutosoma
Name

Tetrablemmidae O. P-Cambridge, 1873
References

Pickard-Cambridge, O. 1873. On some new genera and species of Araneida. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 41(1): 112–129. Reference page.
Lin, Y-C., Koh, J.K.H., Koponen, S. & Li, S-Q. 2017. Taxonomic notes on the armored spiders of the families Pacullidae and Tetrablemmidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from Singapore. ZooKeys 661: 15—60. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.661.10677. Reference page.
Lin, Y.C & Li, S.Q 2010. New armored spiders of the family Tetrablemmidae from China. Zootaxa 2440: 18–32. Preview Reference page.
Lin, Y.C & Li, S.Q. 2014: New cave-dwelling armored spiders (Araneae, Tetrablemmidae) from southwest China. ZooKeys 388: 35–67. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.388.5735 Reference page.
Lin, Y.C., Li, S.Q & Jäger, P. 2012: Two new species of the family Tetrablemmidae (Araneae) from Laos and Malaysia. Zootaxa 3475: 55–64. Preview reference page
Wunderlich, J. 2015. On the evolution and the classification of spiders, the Mesozoic spider faunas, and descriptions of new Cretaceous taxa mainly in amber from Myanmar (Burma) (Arachnida: Araneae). Beiträge zur Araneologie 9: 21–408. Reference page.
Wunderlich, J. 2017. New and rare fossil spiders (Araneae) in Mid Cretaceous amber from Myanmar (Burma), including the description of extinct families of the suborders Mesothelae and Opisthothelae, as well as notes on the taxonomy, the evolution and the biogeography of the Mesothelae. Beiträge zur Araneologie 10: 72–279. Reference page.
Wunderlich, J. & Müller, P. 2021. Descriptions of new fossil spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) in Late (Mid) Cretaceous Burmese amber with focus on the superfamilies Palpimanoidea and Deinopoidea and members of the RTA-clade, as well as remarks on palaeobehaviour, palaeofauna, taxonomy and phylogenetics. Beiträge zur Araneologie 14: 25–262. Reference page.

Vernacular names
English: armored spiders
中文: 盔蛛科

Tetrablemmidae, sometimes called armored spiders, is a family of tropical araneomorph spiders first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1873.[1] It contains 126 described species in 29 genera from southeast Asia, with a few that occur in Africa and Central and South America.[2] Pacullidae was incorporated into this family in 1981,[3] but was later restored as a separate family in a 2016 phylogenetic study.[4]

Most species have been collected from litter and soil, including that of epiphytes. Some live in caves and show typical adaptations of cave spiders, such as loss of eyes and weak sclerotization.[5][6] Members of Tetrablemma only have four eyes,[1] a trait in spiders only found in these and certain members of Caponiidae.
Genera
Brignoliella patmae
Main article: List of Tetrablemmidae species

As of April 2019, the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera:[2]

Ablemma Roewer, 1963 — Papua New Guinea, Asia
Afroblemma Lehtinen, 1981 — Angola, Tanzania, Congo
Anansia Lehtinen, 1981 — Angola
Bacillemma Deeleman-Reinhold, 1993 — Thailand
Borneomma Deeleman-Reinhold, 1980 — Indonesia
Brignoliella Shear, 1978 — Asia, Oceania
Caraimatta Lehtinen, 1981 — Mexico, Caribbean, Central America
Choiroblemma Bourne, 1980 — India
Cuangoblemma Brignoli, 1974 — Angola
Fallablemma Shear, 1978 — Samoa, Indonesia
Gunasekara Lehtinen, 1981 — Sri Lanka
Hexablemma Berland, 1920 — Kenya
Indicoblemma Bourne, 1980 — China, Thailand, India
Lehtinenia Tong & Li, 2008 — China
Maijana Lehtinen, 1981 — Indonesia
Mariblemma Lehtinen, 1981 — Seychelles
Matta Crosby, 1934 — Brazil, Mexico
Micromatta Lehtinen, 1981 — Belize
Monoblemma Gertsch, 1941 — South America, Madagascar, Panama
Pahanga Shear, 1979 — Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Indonesia
Rhinoblemma Lehtinen, 1981 — Caroline Is.
Shearella Lehtinen, 1981 — India, Sri Lanka, China
Sinamma Lin & Li, 2014 — China
Singalangia Lehtinen, 1981 — Indonesia
Singaporemma Shear, 1978 — Asia
Sulaimania Lehtinen, 1981 — Singapore, Malaysia
Tetrablemma O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873 — Oceania, Africa, Asia, Trinidad

Extinct genera

†Balticoblemma Wunderlich 2004 Bitterfeld, Baltic amber, Eocene
†Bicornoculus Wunderlich 2015 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
†Brignoliblemma Wunderlich 2017 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
†Cymbioblemma Wunderlich 2017 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
†Electroblemma Selden et al. 2016 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
†Eogamasomorpha Wunderlich 2008 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
†Longissithorax Wunderlich 2017 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
†Longithorax Wunderlich 2017 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
†Palpalpaculla Wunderlich 2017 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
†Saetosoma Wunderlich 2012 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
†Uniscutosoma Wunderlich 2015 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian