Stegodyphus

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Classis: Arachnida
Ordo: Araneae
Subordo: Opisthothelae
Infraordo: Araneomorphae
Taxon: Neocribellatae
Series: Entelegynae
Superfamilia: Eresoidea

Familia: Eresidae
Genus: Stegodyphus
Species (20): S. africanus – S. bicolor – S. dufouri – S. dumicola – S. hildebrandti – S. hisarensis – S. lineatus – S. lineifrons – S. manaus – S. manicatus – S. mimosarum – S. mirandus – S. nathistmus – S. pacificus – S. sabulosus – S. sarasinorum – S. simplicifrons – S. tentoriicola – S. tibialis – S. tingelin
Name

Stegodyphus Simon, 1873

Type species: Eresus lineatus Pierre André Latreille, 1817
Synonyms

Magunia Lehtinen, 1967

References
Primary references

Simon, E.L. 1873b. Etudes arachnologiques. 2e Mémoire. III. Note sur les espèces européennes de la famille des Eresidae.. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France (5) 3: 335-358. Reference page.

Additional references

Miller, J.A., Griswold, C.E., Scharff, N., Řezáč, M., Szűts, T. & Marhabaie, M. 2012. The velvet spiders: an atlas of the Eresidae (Arachnida, Araneae). ZooKeys 195: 1–144. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.195.2342 Open access. Reference page.
Ono, H. 1995. Four East Asian spiders of the families Eresidae, Araneidae, Thomisidae and Salticidae (Arachnida, Araneae). Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science Tokyo (A) 21: 157-169. Reference page.

Links

Platnick, N. I. 2008. The World Spider Catalog, version 9.0. American Museum of Natural History. [1]
Species-ID

Stegodyphus is a genus of velvet spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1873.[3] They are distributed from Africa to Europe and Asia, with one species (S. manaus) found in Brazil. The name is derived from Ancient Greek στέγω (stegos), meaning "covered".

At least three species are social spiders,[4] and several are known to use ballooning as a method of dispersal.[5]
Species

As of May 2019 it contains twenty species:[1]

Stegodyphus africanus (Blackwall, 1866) – Africa
Stegodyphus bicolor (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869) – Southern Africa
Stegodyphus dufouri (Audouin, 1826) – North, West Africa
Stegodyphus dumicola Pocock, 1898 – Central, Southern Africa
Stegodyphus hildebrandti (Karsch, 1878) – Central, East Africa, Zanzibar
Stegodyphus hisarensis Arora & Monga, 1992 – India
Stegodyphus lineatus (Latreille, 1817) (type) – Southern Europe, North Africa to Tajikistan
Stegodyphus lineifrons Pocock, 1898 – East Africa
Stegodyphus manaus Kraus & Kraus, 1992 – Brazil
Stegodyphus manicatus Simon, 1876 – North, West Africa
Stegodyphus mimosarum Pavesi, 1883 – Africa, Madagascar
Stegodyphus mirandus Pocock, 1899 – India
Stegodyphus nathistmus Kraus & Kraus, 1989 – Morocco to Yemen
Stegodyphus pacificus Pocock, 1900 – Jordan, Iran, Pakistan, India
Stegodyphus sabulosus Tullgren, 1910 – East, Southern Africa
Stegodyphus sarasinorum Karsch, 1892 – India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Myanmar
Stegodyphus simplicifrons Simon, 1906 – Madagascar
Stegodyphus tentoriicola Purcell, 1904 – South Africa
Stegodyphus tibialis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869) – India, Myanmar, Thailand, China
Stegodyphus tingelin Kraus & Kraus, 1989 – Cameroon
References

"Gen. Stegodyphus Simon, 1873". World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. Natural History Museum Bern. 2019. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2019-06-03.
Kraus, O.; Kraus, M. (1989). "The genus Stegodyphus (Arachnida, Araneae). Sibling species, species groups, and parallel origin of social living". Verhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg. 30: 167.
Simon, E. (1873). "Etudes arachnologiques. 2e Mémoire. III. Note sur les espèces européennes de la famille des Eresidae". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 3 (5): 335–358.
Majer, M.; et al. (2013). "Habitat productivity constrains the distribution of social spiders across continents – case study of the genus Stegodyphus". Frontiers in Zoology. 10 (9): 9. doi:10.1186/1742-9994-10-9. PMC 3599804. PMID 23433065.
Schneider, J. M.; et al. (2001). "Dispersal of Stegodyphus dumicola (Araneae, Eresidae): They do balloon after all!" (PDF). The Journal of Arachnology. 29: 114–16. doi:10.1636/0161-8202(2001)029[0114:DOSDAE]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 4707752.