Psechridae

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Classis: Arachnida
Ordo: Araneae
Subordo: Opisthothelae
Infraordo: Araneomorphae
Taxon: Neocribellatae
Series: Entelegynae
Superfamilia: Lycosoidea

Familia: Psechridae
Genera (2 + 1†): Fecenia – Psechrus – †Eomatachia
Name

Psechridae Simon, 1890

Primary references

Simon, E. 1890a: Etudes arachnologiques. 22e Mémoire. XXXIV. Etude sur les arachnides de l'Yemen. Ann. Soc. ent. Fr. (6)10: 77–124.

References

Bayer, S. 2014: Seven new species of Psechrus and additional taxonomic contributions to the knowledge of the spider family Psechridae (Araneae). Zootaxa 3826(1): 1–54. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3826.1.1 Reference page.
Bayer, S.; Schönhofer, A.L. 2013: Phylogenetic relationships of the spider family Psechridae inferred from molecular data, with comments on the Lycosoidea (Arachnida: Araneae). Invertebrate systematics, 27(1): 53–80. DOI: 10.1071/IS12017 Reference page.
Raven, R.J.; Stumkat, K. 2003: Problem solving in the spider families Miturgidae, Ctenidae and Psechridae (Araneae) in Australia and New Zealand. Journal of arachnology, 31: 105–121. DOI: 10.1636/0161-8202(2003)031[0105:PSITSF]2.0.CO;2 PDF

Selected links

The World Spider Catalog, Version 15.5

Vernacular names
中文: 褛网蛛科

Psechridae is a family of araneomorph spiders with about 70 species in two genera.[1][2] These are among the biggest cribellate spiders with body lengths up to 2 centimetres (0.79 in) and funnel webs more than 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) in diameter.[3]

The family belongs to the RTA clade of spiders because they all have a Retrolateral Tibial Apophysis on the male pedipalp. A recent phylogenetic analysis places Psechridae as close relatives of the lynx spiders, wolf spiders, and nursery web spiders.[4]

They feature several characteristics normally found in ecribellate spiders, for example brood care behavior, and a colulus with no apparent function.[5] They have greatly elongated legs, with the last element being very flexible. Female Psechrus carry their egg-sac in the chelicerae, similar to their relatives, the ecribellate Pisauridae. Members of Psechrus construct horizontal webs lace webs, while Fecenia construct pseudo-orbs, similar to orb webs of Orbiculariae spiders in an example of evolutionary convergence.[4][6]
Distribution

They occur in southeastern Asia, ranging from India in the west, to Solomon Islands in the east, reaching as far south as northern Australia, and north to central China.[7] They are found in forest, rocky areas, and caves from lowlands to altitudes exceeding 2,000 metres (1.2 mi).
Genera
Main article: List of Psechridae species

As of April 2019, the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera:[7]

Fecenia Simon, 1887 — Asia, Australia
Psechrus Thorell, 1878 — Asia, Australia
†Eomatachia Petrunkevitch, 1942 (fossil, oligocene)

See also

List of Psechridae species

References

Bayer, S. (2011). "Revision of the pseudo-orbweavers of the genus Fecenia Simon, 1887 (Araneae, Psechridae), with emphasis on their preepigyne". ZooKeys (153): 1–56. doi:10.3897/zookeys.153.2110. PMC 3238043. PMID 22287909.
Bayer, S. (2012). "The lace-sheet-weavers—a long story (Araneae: Psechridae: Psechrus)". Zootaxa. 3379: 1. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3379.1.1. S2CID 86223774.
Gertsch, Willis J. (1979). American Spiders (2 ed.). Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York. ISBN 0-442-22649-7.
Agnarsson, I.; Gregorič, M.; Blackledge, T.A.; Kuntner, M.; et al. (2013). "Phylogenetic placement of Psechridae and the convergent origin of orb-like spider webs". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 51. doi:10.1111/jzs.12007.
Fang, K.; Yang, C.-C.; Lue, B.-W.; Chen, S.H.; Lue, K.-Y.; et al. (2000). "Phylogenetic Corroboration of Superfamily Lycosoidae Spiders (Araneae) as Inferred from Partial Mitochondrial 12S and 16S Ribosomal DNA Sequences" (PDF). Zoological Studies. 39 (2): 107–113.
Blackledge, T.A.; Kuntner, M.; Agnarsson, I. (2012). "Biomaterial evolution parallels behavioral innovation in the origin of orb-like spider webs". Scientific Reports. 2: 833. Bibcode:2012NatSR...2E.833B. doi:10.1038/srep00833. PMC 3495280. PMID 23150784.

"Family: Psechridae Simon, 1890". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2019-04-23.