Pholcoidea

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Classis: Arachnida
Ordo: Araneae
Subordo: Opisthothelae
Infraordo: Araneomorphae
Taxon: Neocribellatae
Series: Haplogynae
Superfamilia: Pholcoidea
Familiae (3): Diguetidae - Pholcidae - Plectreuridae
Vernacular names
català: Folcoïdeu
English: Pholcoidea
español: Pholcoidea
Türkçe: Pholcoidea
中文: 幽灵蛛总科

The Pholcoidea or pholcoids are a superfamily of araneomorph spiders. The group has been circumscribed to contain the following three families:[1]

Diguetidae
Pholcidae
Plectreuridae

Phylogeny

A phylogenetic study based on morphology has shown weak support for the monophyly of the group, as opposed to an earlier hypothesis that two of the families, Diguetidae and Plectreuridae, should be separated from the third in a larger superfamily, Sicarioidea.[2] Pholcoid families are placed in the Haplogynae, spiders with simpler copulatory structures than other araneomorphs. The internal phylogeny of the group is shown in the following cladogram:[3]

Pholcidae

Diguetidae

Plectreuridae
References

Dunlop, Jason A. & Penney, David (2011), "Order Araneae Clerck, 1757" (PDF), in Zhang, Z.-Q. (ed.), Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness, Zootaxa, Auckland, New Zealand: Magnolia Press, ISBN 978-1-86977-850-7, retrieved 2015-10-31
Ramírez, Martín J. (2000), "Respiratory system morphology and the phylogeny of haplogyne spiders (Araneae, Araneomorphae)", Journal of Arachnology, 28 (2): 149–157, doi:10.1636/0161-8202(2000)028[0149:RSMATP]2.0.CO;2, S2CID 39168037
Nentwig, Wolfgang, ed. (2013), "Appendix : Spider Phylogeny" (PDF), Spider Ecophysiology, Springer, ISBN 978-3-642-33988-2, retrieved 2015-11-03