Zerynthia rumina

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Panorpida
Cladus: Amphiesmenoptera
Ordo: Lepidoptera
Subordo: Glossata
Cladus: Coelolepida
Cladus: Myoglossata
Cladus: Neolepidoptera
Infraordo: Heteroneura
Cladus: Eulepidoptera
Cladus: Ditrysia
Cladus: Apoditrysia
Cladus: Obtectomera
Superfamilia: Papilionoidea

Familia: Papilionidae
Subfamilia: Parnassiinae
Tribus: Luehdorfiini
Genus: Zerynthia
Subgenus: Zerynthia (Zerynthia)
Species: Zerynthia (Zerynthia) rumina
Name

Zerynthia (Zerynthia) rumina (Linnaeus, 1758)
Synonyms

Papilio rumina Linnaeus, 1758
Zerynthia rumina [combination]

References
Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio Decima, Reformata. Tomus I. Holmiæ (Stockholm): impensis direct. Laurentii Salvii. 824 pp. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542 [first availability: page 480] BHL Reference page.

Additional references

Gil-T., F. 2008: The form canteneri Staudinger of Zerynthia rumina L., an interesting case of sex-linked inheritance: a study of its occurrence in captive-bred specimens and notes about other forms and aberrations (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). ISSN 0171-0079 | Atalanta 39 (1/4): 337–342, 421. Full article: [1].

Vernacular names
Cymraeg: Brithliw Sbaen
Deutsch: Spanischer Osterluzeifalter
English: Spanish Festoon
français: Proserpine
Nederlands: Spaanse pijpbloemvlinder
polski: Zygzakowiec rubinowy
svenska: Spansk hålrotsfjäril

Zerynthia rumina, the Spanish festoon, is a butterfly belonging to the family Papilionidae. It is a widespread species in Spain and frequents most habitats.

Distribution

North Africa, the Iberian Peninsula and southern France.
Description

Zerynthia rumina is an extremely striking species. In south east France it can be confused with the southern festoon (Zerynthia polyxena). The two can be told apart by the presence of blue on the hindwing of the southern festoon. The Spanish festoon also has extensive red on the forewings.

Male

Male underside

Female

Female underside

Eggs

Caterpillar

Flight period

The flight period is generally in April and May with the possibility of a very small second brood in September.
Roger Verity Collection in La Specola, form names of Zerynthia
Synonymy

This species represents an extreme example of oversplitting.

rumina Linnaeus (=andalusica Ribbe 1910) (south Spain: Andalusia.
form tristis Verity
form semitristis de Sagorra, 1930
form xanthe Schultz, 1908 (mackeri Holland, 1910)
form rubistriga Bryk
form honorathii Boisduval, 1832
form ochracea Staudinger, 1861
form medicaste Illiger
form andalusica Ribbe, 1910
form paucipunctata Neuburger
form minusculus Eisner
form lusitanica Bryk, 1932 (Portugal:Lissabon, Algarve, Cintra, Belem, Oporto, Leca)
form semitristis de Sagarra, 1930
form paucipunctata Neuburger
form ornatissima Blachier, 1908
form nigricans Eisner
form minusculus Eisner
form aperta Eisner
form divisa Schultz, 1908
form canteneri Staudinger, 1861
ornatior Blachier, 1905 = africana (Stichel, 1907), = mauretanica Schultz, 1908 (Northern Africa: Algeria, Morocco: Tangier). The name ornatior is not the correct one for the northern African representative. canteneri (Heydenrich i.l.) Staudinger, 1861 (= canteneri Heyd. 1851, was originally applied to African populations and is the valid name, c.f. Cajetan Felder and Rudolf Felder (1864), Rothschild (1917), canteneri is generally considered a European form but the type locality was fixed 'Algeria' by Cajetan and Rudolf Felder (l.c.) whereas Staudinger (1861) only, and apparently erroneously, referred the name to the Iberian form ochracea. Manley and Allcard (1970) following Bryk (1934) referred to canteneri Staudinger as an orange aberration of both sexes which is frequent in Morocco but occasionally appears in warmer parts of south Spain.
form irregularis Holland, 1912
form distorta Rothschild, 1918
form ornatissima Blachier, 1908
form nebulosa Holland, 1912
form xanthe Schultze, 1908
form honorathii Boisduval, 1832
form poujadei Thierry-Meg, 1910
form canteneri Staudinger, 1861
form nigricans Holland, 1912
form minusculus Eisner
form posteriorrubromarginalis Eisner
form paucipunctata Neuburger

References

Gil-T., F., 2008: The form canteneri Staudinger of Zerynthia rumina L., an interesting case of sex-linked inheritance: a study of its occurrence in captive-bred specimens and notes about other forms and aberrations (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). ISSN 0171-0079 | Atalanta 39 (1/4): 337-342, 421. Full article: [1].