Polygonia

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Panorpida
Cladus: Amphiesmenoptera
Ordo: Lepidoptera
Subordo: Glossata
Cladus: Coelolepida
Cladus: Myoglossata
Cladus: Neolepidoptera
Infraordo: Heteroneura
Cladus: Eulepidoptera
Cladus: Ditrysia
Cladus: Apoditrysia
Cladus: Obtectomera
Superfamilia: Papilionoidea

Familia: Nymphalidae
Subfamilia: Nymphalinae
Tribus: Nymphalini
Genus: Polygonia
Species: P. c-album – P. c-aureum – P. comma – P. egea – P. extensa – P. faunus – P. g-argenteum – P. gigantea – P. gracilis – P. haroldii – P. interposita – P. interrogationis – P. oreas – P. progne – P. satyrus – P. undina – P. zephyrus
Name

Polygonia Hübner, 1819
References

Lang, S.Y., Liu, Z.H., Xue, G.X. & Deng, H.L. 2010: Taxonomic notes on the genus Polygonia Hübner, 1819 from China, with description of a new subspecies from Sichuan (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Atalanta 41(3-4): 327–330. full article (pdf).Reference page.
Scott, J.A., 1984: A review of Polygonia progne (oreas) and P. gracilis (zephyrus) (Nymphalidae), including a new subspecies from the Southern Rocky Mountains. Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 23 (3): 197–210. Full article: [1].

Links

ION
Nomenclator Zoologicus

Vernacular names
日本語: キタテハ属 or シータテハ属
中文: 鉤蛺蝶屬

Polygonia (from Greek πολύς - polys, "many"[1] and γωνία - gōnia, "angle"[2]) is a genus of butterflies with a conspicuous white mark on the underside of each hindwing, hence the common name comma. They also have conspicuous angular notches on the outer edges of their forewings, hence the other common name anglewing butterflies. The related genus Nymphalis also includes some anglewing species; Polygonia is sometimes classified as a subgenus of Nymphalis.[3]

Many members of Polygonia hibernate as adults.[4] Species include:[5][6]

Polygonia c-album (Linnaeus, 1758) – comma
Polygonia c-aureum (Linnaeus, 1758) – Asian comma
Polygonia comma (Harris, 1842) – eastern comma
Polygonia egea (Cramer, 1775) – southern comma
Polygonia faunus (Edwards, 1862) – Faunus anglewing, Faunus comma, green comma
Polygonia g-argenteum Doubleday & Hewitson, 1846 – Mexican anglewing
Polygonia gigantea (Leech, 1883) – giant comma
Polygonia gracilis (Grote & Robinson, 1867) – hoary comma
Polygonia haroldii Dewitz, 1877 – spotless anglewing
Polygonia interposita (Staudinger, 1881)
Polygonia interrogationis (Fabricius, 1798) – question mark
Polygonia oreas (Edwards, 1869) – oreas anglewing, oreas comma, sylvan anglewing
Polygonia progne (Cramer, 1775) – grey comma, gray comma
Polygonia satyrus (Edwards, 1869) – satyr anglewing, satyr comma
Polygonia undina (Grum-Grshimailo, 1890)
Polygonia zephyrus (Edwards, 1870) – zephyr comma

Notes

πολύς, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
γωνία, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
"Nymphalis Kluk, 1780" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
Scott, J. A. (1999). Hibernal diapause of North American Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea. Archived 2018-10-08 at the Wayback Machine Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 18(3):171-200.
Polygonia, Tree of Life

Wahlberg, N. et al. (2009). Timing major conflict between mitochondrial and nuclear genes in species relationships of Polygonia butterflies (Nymphalidae: Nymphalini). BMC Evolutionary Biology 9:92.

References

Family Nymphalidae. Butterflies of Canada.
Genus Nymphalis. Zdenek Fric.