Opiinae

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Hymenopterida
Ordo: Hymenoptera
Subordo: Apocrita
Superfamilia: Ichneumonoidea

Familia: Braconidae
Subfamilia: Opiinae
Genera: Ademon – Apodesmia – Areotetes – Biosteres – Bitomoides – Bitomus – Canalopius – Carinopius – Coleopioides – Diachasmimorpha – Eurytenes – Fopius – Indiopius – Opiognathus – Opiolastes – Opius – Phaedrotoma – Psyttalia – Psyttoma – Rhogadopsis – Utetes – Xynobius
Name

Opiinae Blanchard, 1845

References

Blanchard, C.É. 1845. Histoire naturelle des insectes leurs moeurs, leurs métamorphoses et leur classification ou traité élémentaire d’entomologie. Tome premier. Paris, 398 pp.; pls. 1–10. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.35820 BHL Reference page.
Achterberg, C., van 2004: New Indo-Australian subgenera and species of the genera Xynobius Foerster and Ademoneuron Fischer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Opiinae). Zoologische mededelingen, 78: 313–329. ISSN: 0024-0672
Achterberg, C., van 2004: Bitomoides gen. nov. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Opiinae) from Europe. Zoologische mededelingen, 78: 331–335. ISSN: 0024-0672
Achterberg, C., van; Chen, X. 2004: Six new genera of Braconidae (Hymenoptera) from China. Zoologische mededelingen, 78: 77–100. ISSN: 0024-0672
Belokobylskij, S.A.; Wharton, R.A.; La Salle, J. 2004: Australian species of the genus Opius Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) attacking leaf-mining Agromyzidae, with the description of a new species from South-east Asia. Australian journal of entomology, 43: 138–147. DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-6055.2004.00396.x
Chen, M., van Achterberg, C., Tan, J-L., Tan, Q-Q. & Chen, X-X. 2016. Four new species of Rhogadopsis Brèthes from NW China (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Opiinae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 52: 37–60. DOI: 10.3897/jhr.52.9806. Reference page.
Beyarslan, A.; Fischer, M. 2013: Checklist of Turkish Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). Zootaxa 3721(5): 401–454. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3721.5.1 Reference page.
Fischer, M., 2014: Einige neue Arten der Dreizellen-Kieferwespen- und Madenwespen von La Réunion (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae und Opiinae). Entomofauna, 35: 101–136.
Fischer, M., 2014: Winzige neue Arten der Kiefer- und Madenwespen aus Ecuador (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae, Exothecinae, Opiinae). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, Serie B, 116: 21–39.
Khajeh, N. et al. 2014: Contributions to the Opiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of eastern Iran with updated checklist of Iranian species. Zootaxa 3784(2): 131–147. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3784.2.3 Reference page.
Li, X.-Y., Achterberg, C. van & Tan, J.-C. 2013. Revision of the subfamily Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from Hunan (China), including thirty-six new species and two new genera. ZooKeys 268: 1–186. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.268.4071 Open access Reference page.
Samiuddin, A. ; Z. Ahmad & M. Shamim 2009: Description of a new species of the genus Indiopius Fischer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from India. Jott Note 1 (12): 619–620. Full article: [1].
Samiuddin, A. ; Z. Ahmad & M. Shamim 2010: Description of a new species of the genus Bitomus Szepligeti (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from India. Jott note 2(3): 770–772. Full article: [2]
Tan, J-L., Tan, Q-Q., Achterberg, C. van & Chen, X-X. 2016. A new genus Carinopius gen. n. of the subfamily Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from China and Vietnam, with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4061(5): 569–574. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4061.5.6. Reference page.
Wharton, R.; Norrbom, A.L. 2013: New species and host records of New World, mostly Neotropical, opiine Braconidae (Hymenoptera) reared from flower-infesting, stem-galling, and stem-mining Tephritidae (Diptera). ZooKeys 349: 11-72. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.349.5914 Reference page.
Wharton, R.; Ward, L.; Miko, I. 2012: New neotropical species of Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) reared from fruit-infesting and leaf-mining Tephritidae (Diptera) with comments on the Diachasmimorpha mexicana species group and the genera Lorenzopius and Tubiformopius. ZooKeys 243: 27-82. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.243.3990 Reference page.
Wu, Q., van Achterberg, C., Sheng, Y-Y. & Chen, X-X. 2018. A new genus from Vietnam (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Opiinae), and the description of two new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 66: 1–13. DOI: 10.3897/jhr.66.28881 Reference page.

Additional references

Gadallah, N.S., Ghahari, H., Peris-Felipo, F.J. & Fischer, M. 2016. Updated checklist of Iranian Opiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Zootaxa 4066(1): 1–40. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4066.1.1 Reference page.

Links

Opiine Species and References Databases [3]

The Opiinae are a subfamily of braconid parasitoid wasps with over 1300 described species. Several species have been used in biocontrol programs against fruit flies and Agromyzidae flies. They are closely related to the Alysiinae.

Description and distribution
Biosteres arisanus

Opiinae are small wasps, usually under 5mm long. They are non-cyclostomes, but sometimes have the appearance of a cyclostome opening. Unlike Alysiinae, Opiinae have endodont mandibles, which open inwards. The genus Exodontiella is the one exception with exodont mandibles in the Opiinae. Opiinae are found worldwide.
Biology

Opiinae are koinobiont endoparasitoids of cyclorrhaphus Diptera. Females oviposit into host eggs or larvae. The host is allowed to develop until it forms a puparium, at which point it is killed by the wasp larva.[1]
References

Wharton, Robert A.; Marsh, Paul M.; Sharkey, Michael J. (1997). Manual of the New World Genera of the Family Braconidae (Hymenoptera). Washington DC: The International Society of Hymenopterists.