Kermes

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Paraneoptera
Superordo: Condylognatha
Ordo: Hemiptera
Subordo: Sternorrhyncha
Superfamilia: Coccoidea

Familia: Kermesidae
Genus: Kermes
Species: K. arizonensis – K. austini – K. bacciformis – K. bannaensis – K. bekiri – K. biblicus – K. boguei – K. castaneae – K. ceriferus – K. cockerelli – K. concinnulus – K. cordiformis – K. corticalis – K. echinatus – K. flavus – K. formosanus – K. fuscuatum – K. gibbosus – K. globosus – K. greeni – K. hermonensis – K. himalayensis – K. ilicis – K. kelloggii – K. kuwanae – K. macrantherae – K. miyasakii – K. muhlisi – K. multiporus – K. mutsurensis – K. nahalali – K. nakagawae – K. nawae – K. nigronotatus – K. nigropunctatus – K. nudus – K. orientalis – K. palestiniensis – K. peronatus – K. perryi – K. pettiti – K. polonicus – K. prinus – K. punctatus – K. qingdaonensis – K. quercus – K. rimarum – K. roboris – K. sadrii – K. safinazae – K. sassceri – K. shastensis – K. siamensis – K. spatulatus – K. sylvestris – K. szetshuanensis – K. taishanensis – K. trichrous – K. trinotatus – K. tropicalis – K. vastus – K. vermilio – K. viridis – K. williamsi

In synonymy: K. bytinskii
Name

Kermes Pierre Boitard, 1828: 171

Type species: Coccus variegatus Gmelin, 1758; fixation: subsequent designation by Fernald, 1903: 60

References
Primary references

Boitard, P. 1828. Les gallinsectes. Manuel d'entomologie ou histoire naturelle des insectes 2: 169–172. Reference page.
Fernald, M.E. 1903. A catalogue of the Coccidæ of the world. Special bulletin. Hatch Experiment Station of the Massachusetts Agricultural College 88. 360 pp. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.8533 Reference page.

Additional references

Pellizzari, G. et al. 2012: Description of nymphal instars and adult female of Kermes vermilio Planchon (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae), with a synopsis of the European and Mediterranean species. Zootaxa 3336: 36–50. Preview PDF Reference page.
Spodek, M.; Ben-Dov, Y.; Protasov, A. 2012: Taxonomy of Kermes greeni Bodenheimer (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Kermesidae) with a new synonymy. Zootaxa 3545: 67–75. Preview Reference page.
Spodek, M.; Ben-Dov, Y. 2012: Morphology of the first-instar nymph and adult female of Kermes echinatus Balachowsky, with a comparison to K. vermilio Planchon (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae). ZooKeys 246: 11-26. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.246.3766 Reference page.

Links

Kermes Taxon details on Fauna Europaea
Scale Net

Kermes is a genus of scale insects in the order Hemiptera. They feed on the sap of evergreen oaks; the females produce a red dye, also called "kermes", that is the source of natural crimson.[1] The word "kermes" is derived from Persian or Turkish qirmiz or kirmizi (قرمز), "crimson" (both the colour and the dyestuff).[2]

There are some 20 species,[3] including:

Kermes bacciformis Leonardi, 1908
Kermes corticalis (Nassonov, 1908)
Kermes echinatus (Balachowsky, 1953)
Kermes gibbosus Signoret, 1875
Kermes ilicis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Kermes roboris (Fourcroy, 1785)
Kermes vermilio Planchon, 1864

References

Naturenet article with images and description of Kermes vermilio and its foodplant
"Crimson (n.)". Etymology Online. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
Spodek, Malkie; Ben-Dov, Yair (2012). "Morphology of the first-instar nymph and adult female of Kermes echinatus Balachowsky, with a comparison to K. vermilio Planchon (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae)". ZooKeys (246): 11–26. doi:10.3897/zookeys.246.3766. ISSN 1313-2970. PMC 3520143. PMID 23275748.