Gelechiidae

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Superclassis: Allotriocarida
Classis: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Panorpida
Cladus: Amphiesmenoptera
Ordo: Lepidoptera
Subordo: Glossata
Cladus: Coelolepida
Cladus: Myoglossata
Cladus: Neolepidoptera
Infraordo: Heteroneura
Cladus: Eulepidoptera
Cladus: Ditrysia
Cladus: Apoditrysia
Superfamilia: Gelechioidea

Familia: Gelechiidae
Subfamiliae (5): Anacampsinae – Anomologinae – Dichomeridinae – Gelechiinae – Thiotrichinae

Genera not assigned to a subfamily

Prosodarma –
Overview of genera

A

Acompsia – Acraeologa – Acribologa – Acrophiletis – Acutitornus – Adelomorpha – Adelphotropha – Adoxotricha – Adrasteia – Adullamitis – Aenigma – Aeolotrocha – Aerotypia – Agathactis – Ageliarchis – Agnippe – Agonochaetia – Agriastis – Allocota – Allocotaniana – Allophlebia – Allotelphusa – Alsodryas – Altenia – Ambloma – Amblypalpis – Amblyphylla – Amphigenes – Amphitrias – Amplusuncus – Anacampsis – Ananarsia – Anapatetris – Anaphaula – Anaptilora – Anarsia – Anasphaltis – Anastomopteryx – Anastreblotis – Anathyrsotis – Angustialata – Angustiphylla – Anisoplaca – Anoecisis – Anomologa – Anomoxena – Anorthosia – Anterethista – Anthinora – Anthistarcha – Antithyra – Apatetris – Apethistis – Aphanaula – Aphanostola – Aphnogenes – Apocritica – Apodia – Aponoea – Apopira – Apotactis – Apothetoeca – Apotistatus – Aproaerema – Araeophalla – Araeophylla – Araeovalva – Aratrognathosia – Archimetzneria – Ardozyga – Aregha – Argolamprotes – Argophara – Argyritis – Argyrolacia – Aristotelia – Aristoteliodes – Arla – Armatophallus – Aroga – Arogalea – Arotria – Arotromima – Asapharcha – Aspades – Aspasiodes – Atasthalistis – Athrips – Atoponeura – Atremaea – Aulacomima – Aulidiotis – Australiopalpa – Autodectis – Autoneda – Axyrostola –
B

Bactrolopha – Bactropaltis – Bagdadia – Barticeja – Baryzancla – Batenia – Battaristis – Begoe – Belovalva – Beltheca – Besciva – Biloba – Bilobata – Blastovalva – Brachycrossata – Brachypsaltis – Brachyzancla – Brochometis – Bruchiana – Bryotropha – Bucolarcha –
C

Cacelice – Calamotypa – Calliphylla – Calliprora – Calyptrotis – Canarischema – Canthonistis – Capidentalia – Capnosema – Carbatina – Carna – Carpatolechia – Carterica – Cartericella – Caryocolum – Catabrachmia – Catalexis – Catameces – Catatinagma – Catelaphris – Cathegesis – Catoptristis – Caulastrocecis – Cauloecista – Cecidonostola – Cecidophaga – Celetodes – Ceratophora – Cerofrontia – Cerycangela – Chaetopogon – Chalcomima – Chaliniastis – Charistica – Chelaria – Chelophoba – Chilopselaphus – Chionoda – Chionodes – Chlorolychnis – Chorivalva – Chretienella – Chretienia – Chrysesthia – Chrysia – Chrysoesthia – Chrysopora – Chthonogenes – Cirrha – Cladodes – Cleodora – Clepsimacha – Clepsimorpha – Clistothyris – Cnaphostola – Cochlevalva – Coconympha – Coleostoma – Coleotechnites – Colobodes – Colonanthes – Colopteryx – Coloptilia – Commatica – Compsolechia – Compsosaris – Concubina – Coniogyra – Copocercia – Coproptilia – Copticostola – Corynaea – Cosmardia – Cotyloscia – Coudia – Coydalla – Crambodoxa – Crasimorpha – Craspedotis – Cratinitis – Cremona – Croesopola – Crossobela – Crypsimaga – Curvisignella – Cymatomorpha – Cymatoplex – Cymatoplicella – Cymotricha –
D

Dactylethra – Dactylethrella – Dactylota – Dactylotula – Daemonarcha – Daltopora – Darlia – Decatopseustis – Dectobathra – Deimnestra – Deltolophos – Deltophora – Dentivalva – Deoclona – Deroxena – Desmaucha – Desmophylax – Deuteroptila – Diastaltica – Dichomeris – Dicranucha – Didactylota – Diprotochaeta – Dirhinosia – Dissoptila – Distinxia – Dolerotricha – Dorycnopa – Doryphora – Doryphorella – Drepanoterma – Dubitationis – Duvita –
E

Echinoglossa – Eidothea – Elasiprora – Elasmion – Emmetrophysis – Empalactis – Empedaula – Encentrotis – Enchrysa – Encolapta – Encolpotis – Ephelictis – Ephysteris – Epibrontis – Epicharma – Epicharta – Epicorthylis – Epidola – Epilechia – Epimesophleps – Epimimastis – Epiparasia – Epiphthora – Episacta – Epistomotis – Epithectis – Eporgastis – Ereboscaeas – Ergasiola – Ergatis – Erikssonella – Eripnura – Eristhenodes – Erythriastis – Ethirostoma – Ethmiopsis – Eucatoptus – Euchionodes – Eucordylea – Eudactylota – Eudodacles – Euhomalocera – Eulamprotes – Eunebristis – Eunomarcha – Euryctista – Eurysacca – Eurysaccoides – Eurysara – Euryzancla – Euscrobipalpa – Eustalodes – Euzonomacha – Evagora – Evippe – Exceptia – Excommatica – Exoteleia –
F

Faculta – Fapua – Faristenia – Fascista – Ficulea – Filatima – Filisignella – Flexiptera – Fortinea – Friseria – Frumenta – Furcaphora – Furcatisacculus –
G

Gaesa – Galtica – Gambrostola – Gelechia – Gelechiodeorum – Geniadophora – Gibbosa – Gladiovalva – Glaphyrerga – Glauce – Glycerophthora – Gnorimoschema‎ – Gnosimacha – Gobipalpa – Gomphocrates – Gonaepa – Grandipalpa – Guebla – Guenea –
H

Hapalonoma – Hapalosaris – Haplochela – Haplovalva – Harmatitis – Harpagidia – Harpagus – Hedma – Heliangara – Helice – Helina – Hemiarcha – Heringia – Heringiola – Heterozancla – Hierangela – Hinnebergia – Holaxyra – Holcophora – Holcophoroides – Holophysis – Homoshelas – Homotima – Horridovalva – Hylograptis – Hyodectis – Hypatima – Hypelictis – Hyperecta – Hypocecis – Hypodrasia –
I

Idiobela – Idiophantis – Idiozancla – Ilingiotis – Inotica – Iochares – Iocharis – Irenidora – Iridesna – Ischnocraspedus – Ischnophenax – Ischnophylla – Isembola – Isochasta – Isophrictis – Issikiopteryx – Istrianis – Iulota – Ivanauskiella –
K

Kahelia – Karwandania – Keiferia – Kiwaia – Klaussattleria – Klimeschiopsis –
L

Lacharissa – Lachnostola – Lacistodes – Lamprotes – Lanceopenna – Lanceoptera – Larcophora – Laris – Lasiarchis – Lata – Lathontogenus – Latrologa – Leistogenes – Leobatus – Leptogeneia – Lerupsia – Leuce – Leucogonia – Leucogoniella – Leucophylla – Leuronoma – Leuropalpa – Leurozancla – Lexiarcha – Limenarchis – Lioclepta – Lipatia – Lita – Lixodessa – Locharcha – Logisis – Lophaeola – Lophozancla – Lutilabria – Lysipatha –
M

Machlotricha – Macracaena – Macrenches – Macrocalcara – Macrozancla – Magnifacia – Magonympha – Malacotricha – Megacraspedus – Megalocypha – Melitoxestis – Melitoxoides – Menecratistis – Meridorma – Merimnetria – Mesogelechia – Mesophleps – Metabolaea – Metanarsia – Metaplatyntis – Metatactis – Meteoristis – Metopios – Metopleura – Metzneria – Microcraspedus – Microdendrophilia – Microlechia – Microsetia – Mimomeris – Mirificarma – Mnesistega – Mniophaga – Molopostola – Mometa – Monochroa – Musurga – Myconita – Myrophila – Mystax – Mythographa –
N

Naera – Nannodia – Narthecoceros – Nealyda – Neochrista – Neochronistis – Neodactylota – Neofaculta – Neofriseria – Neolechia – Neopachnistis – Neopalpa – Neopatetris – Neoschema – Neotelphusa – Nesolechia – Nevadia – Noeza – Nomia – Nothris – Numata – Nuntia –
O

Ochmastis – Ochrodia – Octonodula – Oecocecis – Oegoconiodes – Oeseis – Oestomorpha – Oncerozancla – Onebala – Opacochroa – Opacopsis – Ophiolechia – Organitis – Origo – Ornativalva – Orsodytis – Orsotricha – Orthoptila – Oxybelia – Oxycryptis – Oxylechia – Oxypteryx – Oxysactis –
P

Pachygeneia – Pachysaris – Palintropa – Paltodora – Paltoloma – Palumbina – Pancoenia – Panicotricha – Panplatyceros – Pappophorus – Parabola – Parabrachmia – Parachronistis – Paralechia – Paralida – Parallactis – Paramegacraspedus – Parametanarsia – Paranarsia – Paranoea – Parapodia – Paraschema – Paraselotis – Parasia – Paraspistes – Parastega – Parastenolechia – Paratelphusa – Parathectis – Parelectra – Parelectroides – Paristhmia – Pauroneura – Pavolechia – Pectinophora – Pelocnistis – Pelostola – Perioristica – Pessograptis – Petalostoma – Petalostomella – Peucoteles – Pexicopia – Phaeotypa – Phaetusa – Phanerophalla – Pharangitis – Phloeocecis – Phloeograptis – Phobetica – Photodotis (Meyrick) – Phricogenes – Phrixocrita – Phthoracma – Phthorimaea – Phylopatris – Physoptila – Picroptera – Pilocrates – Piskunovia – Pithanurga – Pityocona – Platyedra – Platymacha – Platyphalla – Plectrocosma – Plocamosaris – Poecilia – Pogochaetia – Polyhymno – Porpodryas – Pragmatodes – Prasodryas – Primischema – Proactica – Proadamas – Proclesis – Prodosiarcha – Prolita – Promolopica – Prophoraula – Proselotis – Prosodarma – Prosomura – Prostomeus – Proteodoxa – Protolechia – Protoparachronistis – Psamathocrita – Psamathoscopa – Pseudarla – Pseudathrips – Pseudochelaria – Pseudosophronia – Pseudosymmoca – Pseudoteleia – Ptilostonychia – Ptocheuusa – Ptycerata – Ptychovalva – Pulicalvaria – Pycnobathra – Pycnodytis –
R

Radionerva – Recurvaria – Reichardtiella – Resupina – Reuttia – Rhadinophylla – Rhinosia – Rhobonda – Rhynchopacha – Rhynchotona – Rifseria – Rotundivalva –
S

Sagaritis – Sarotorna – Sathrogenes – Satrapodoxa – Sattleria – Sautereopsis – Schemataspis – Schematistis – Schistonoea – Schistophila – Schistovalva – Schizovalva – Schmidtnielsenia – Schneidereria – Schuetzeia – Scindalmota – Sclerocecis – Sclerocopa – Sclerograptis – Sclerophantis – Scodes – Scrobischema – Scrobitasta – Scythostola – Semiomeris – Semnostoma – Semocharista – Semodictis – Semophylax – Sicera – Siderea – Simoneura – Sinevia – Sinoe – Sirogenes – Sitotroga – Smenodoca – Sophronia – Sorotacta – Spermanthrax – Sphagiocrates – Sphaleractis – Sphenocrates – Sphenogrypa – Spinovalva – Sriferia – Stachyostoma – Stagmaturgis – Stegasta – Stenoalata – Stenolechia – Stenolechiodes – Stenopherna – Stenovalva – Stenovalva – Steremniodes – Stereodmeta – Stereomita – Sterrhostoma – Stibarenches – Stigmasophronia – Stigmatoptera – Stiphrostola – Stomopteryx – Stomylia – Streniastis – Strenophila – Streyella – Strobisia – Struempelia – Symbatica – Symbolistis – Symmetrischema – Symmetrischemulum – Symphanactis – Synactias – Syncathedra – Syncopacma – Syncratomorpha – Syndesmica – Syneunetis – Syngelechia – Syngenomictis – Synthesiopalpa – Syringopais – Syrmadaula – Systasiota –
T

Tabernillaia – Tachyptilia – Tahla – Tanycyttara – Taphrosaris – Taygete – Tecia – Telea – Teleia – Teleiodes – Teleiopsia – Teleiopsis – Telephila – Telphusa – Tenera – Teuchophanes – Thaumaturgis – Theisoa – Thelyasceta – Thiognatha – Thiotricha – Thistricha – Tholerostola – Thriophora – Thrypsigenes – Thymosopha – Thyrsomnestis – Thyrsostoma – Tila – Tildenia – Tiranimia – Tituacia – Tocmia – Togia – Tornodoxa – Tosca – Toxidoceras – Toxoceras – Toxotacma – Trachyedra – Tricerophora – Trichembola – Trichotaphe – Tricyanaula – Tricyphistis – Tritadelpha – Trychnopalpa – Trypanisma – Trypherogenes – Tsochasta – Turcopalpa – Tuta – Tutor –
U

Uliaria – Uncustriodonta – Untomia –
V

Vadenia – Vazugada – Vicina – Virgula – Vladimirea –
X

Xenolechia – Xenorrhythma – Xerometra – Xystophora –
Z

Zalithia – Zeempista – Zelosyne – Ziminiola – Zomeutis
...
Name

Gelechiidae Stainton, 1854

References

Stainton, H.T. 1854. Insecta Brittanica. Lepidoptera: Tineina. Lovell Reeve, London, 313 pp. full article BHL (PDF). Reference page.
Bidzilya, O.V. 2007. Esperiana Buchreihe zur Entomologie Memoir 4: 91–118.
Bidzilya, O.V. 2010. A new genus of gelechiid moths (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) from Central Asia. Zootaxa 2502: 47–55. Preview (PDF)
Bidzilya, O.V. 2012. New species and new records of gelechiid-moths from northern Siberia and Far East of Russia (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Shilap Revista de Lepidopterologia 40 (160): 419–427.
Bidzilya, O.V. 2015: Armatophallus gen. n., a new genus of gelechiid moths (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) from the Afrotropical and Oriental regions. Zootaxa 3981(3): 413–429. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3981.3.7. Preview (PDF) Reference page.
Bidzilya, O.V. & Budashkin, Yu.I. 2015. New species of Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera) from Ukraine. Zootaxa 3974(2): 217–230. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3974.2.6. Preview (PDF) Reference page.
Cepeda, D.E. 2018b. A new genus and two new species of Litini (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) from Chile. Revista Chilena de Entomología 44(3): 373-383. Reference page.
Derra, G. 2011. Beschreibung neuer Arten der Familien Gelechiidae, Holcopogonidae und Oecophoridae (Lepidoptera). Esperiana Buchreihe zur Entomologie 16: 207–212.
Gastón, J. & Vives Moreno, A. 2021. A genus and three new species for Spain with other additional interesting lepidopterology information for the Spanish fauna. Description of the females of Agnoea revillai Gastón & Vives, 2020 and creation of a new genus Paramegacraspedus Gastón & Vives, gen. n. (Insecta: Lepidoptera). SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterología 49(193): 158. Full article (PDF) Reference page.
Gozmány, L. 1957a. Notes on the generic group Stomopteryx Heinemann, and the descriptions of some new Microlepidoptera. Acta zoologica Academiae scientiarum hungaricae 3(1–2): 107–135.
Huemer & Karsholt, O. 1999. Microlepidoptera of Europe Volume 3: Gelechiidae I: 1-356. Reference page.
Huemer & Karsholt, O. 2010. Microlepidoptera of Europe Volume 6: Gelechiidae II: 1-586. Reference page.
Huemer, P. & Karsholt, O. 2020. Commented checklist of European Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera). ZooKeys, 921: 65–140. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.921.49197 Open access Reference page.
Huemer, P., Karsholt, O., Aarvik, L., Berggren, K., Bidzilya, O.V., Junnilainen, J., Landry, J-F., Mutanen, M., Nupponen, K., Segerer, A.H., Šumpich, J., Weiser, C., Wiesmair, B. & Hebert, P.D.N. 2020. DNA barcode library for European Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera) suggests greatly underestimated species diversity. ZooKeys, 921: 141–157. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.921.49199 Open access Reference page.
Junnilainen, J. et al. 2010. The gelechiid fauna of the southern Ural Mountains, part II: list of recorded species with taxonomic notes (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Zootaxa 2367: 1–68. Preview (PDF)
Junnilainen, J. & Nupponen, K. 2010. The gelechiid fauna of the southern Ural Mountains, part I: descriptions of seventeen new species (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Zootaxa 2366: 1–34. Preview (PDF)
Karsholt, O., Mutanen, M., Lee, S.M. & Kaila, L. 2013. A molecular analysis of the Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea) with an interpretative grouping of its taxa. Systematic Entomology 38: 334–348. PDF. Reference page.
Landry, J-F., Nazari, V., Bidzilya, O.V., Huemer, P. & Karsholt, O. 2017. Review of the genus Agonochaetia Povolný (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae), and description of a new genus and species from the Canary Islands. Zootaxa 4300(4): 451–485. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.4.1. Full article (PDF) Reference page.
Landry, B. & Roque-Albelo, L. 2010. The Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera) of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, a taxonomic revision. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 117(4): 697–770.
Lee, S., Hodges, R.W. & Brown, R.L. 2009. Checklist of Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera) in America North of Mexico. Zootaxa 2231: 1–39. Abstract & excerpt (PDF)
Meyrick, E. 1904. Descriptions of Australian Micro-lepidoptera. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 29: 255–440.
Omelko M.M. & Omelko N.V. 2011. New and interesting data on gelechiid moths of the genus Polyhymno Chambers (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) from Primorskii Krai. Amurian zoological journal III(4): 349–351. Full article
Pitkin, B. & Jenkins, P. Butterflies and Moths of the World: Generic Names and their Type-species. Natural History Museum.
Ponomarenko, M.G. 2006. Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Division of Russian Academy of Sciences
Ponomarenko, M.G. 2008. Functional morphology of the male genitalia in Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera) and its signifi cance for phylogenetic analysis. Nota Lepidopterologica 31 (2): 179–198. Full article (PDF)
Ponomarenko, M.G. Power point presentation (PDF)

Vernacular names
čeština: Makadlovkovití
Deutsch: Palpenmotten
English: Twirler Moths
suomi: Jäytäjäkoit
日本語: キバガ科
kanuri: 뿔나방과
Nederlands: Tastermotten
русский: Моли выемчатокрылые
slovenčina: Psotovité
svenska: Stävmalar
中文: 麦蛾科

The Gelechiidae are a family of moths commonly referred to as twirler moths or gelechiid moths. They are the namesake family of the huge and little-studied superfamily Gelechioidea, and the family's taxonomy has been subject to considerable dispute. These are generally very small moths with narrow, fringed wings. The larvae of most species feed internally on various parts of their host plants, sometimes causing galls. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga) is a host plant common to many species of the family, particularly of the genus Chionodes, which as a result is more diverse in North America than usual for Gelechioidea.[1]

By the late 20th century, over 900[2] genera with altogether more than 4,500 species were placed here, with about 650 genera known from North America alone. While these figures are certainly outdated, due to the many revisions to superfamily Gelechioidea and new descriptions of twirler moths, they still serve to show the enormous biodiversity contained in this important family.

Being abundant, fecund plant-eaters, many species are agricultural pests, including:

Anarsia lineatella – peach twig borer
Aproaerema modicella – groundnut leafminer
Keiferia lycopersicella – tomato pinworm
Pectinophora gossypiella – pink bollworm
Phthorimaea operculella – potato tuber moth, tobacco splitworm
Sitotroga cerealella – angoumois grain moth
Tecia solanivora (Povolny, 1973) – Guatemalan potato moth, Central American potato tuber moth
Tuta absoluta – tomato leafminer, South American tomato moth

The voracious habits of their larvae make twirler moths suitable for biological control of invasive plants. The spotted knapweed seedhead moth (Metzneria paucipunctella), for example, is used to control spotted knapweed (Centaurea maculosa) in North America.
Taxonomy and systematics

Compared to the other massively diverse Gelechioidea families – Coleophoridae (case-bearers) and Oecophoridae (concealer moths) – the systematics of the Gelechiidae are far less contentious. The "Deoclonidae", sometimes treated as a full gelechioid family, seem to be nothing other than a specialized offshoot from within the Gelechiidae, and are here included in the present family; some authors differ, however, and ally at least some of these genera with the Autostichinae and/or Symmocidae. On the other hand, the Schistonoeidae (scavenger moths) are preliminarily considered a distinct family here.[3][4][5][6][7]

Of the subfamilies traditionally accepted for the Gelechiidae, only three were maintained for some time pending further information; at least one other, the Physoptilinae, were suggested to also be valid. But numerous genera of twirler moths – including most of the former "Deoclonidae" and also the proposed Physoptilinae – were of undetermined affiliation at that moment.[5][6] Later studies, including a 2013 molecular analysis of the Gelechiidae, list the following subfamilies:[8]

Subfamily Anacampsinae Bruand, 1850
Subfamily Anomologinae Meyrick, 1926
Subfamily Apatetrinae Meyrick, 1947
Subfamily Dichomeridinae Hampson, 1918 (formerly including Chelariinae, which is now placed in Anacampsinae)
Subfamily Gelechiinae Stainton, 1854
Subfamily Physoptilinae Meyrick, 1914
Subfamily Thiotrichinae Karsholt, Mutanen, Lee & Kaila, 2013

Genera incertae sedis

Aerotypia Walsingham, 1911.
Antithyra Meyrick, 1906.
Coniogyra Meyrick, 1921.
Dicranucha Janse, 1954
Metopios Lucas, 1945
Paraschema Povolný, 1990
Pseudosymmoca Rebel, 1903
Sphagiocrates Meyrick, 1925
Stenoalata Omelko in Omelko & Omelko, 1998
Syrmadaula Meyrick, 1918

References

Donald J. Borror, Charles A. Triplehorn & Norman F. Johnson (1989). An Introduction to the Study of Insects (6th ed.). Fort Worth, Texas: Saunders College. p. 800. ISBN 0-03-025397-7.
The Natural History Museum of London website offers details on 911 genera belonging to the family Gelechiidae. The list of these is accessible here
R. W. Hodges (1999). "The Gelechioidea". In N. P. Kristensen (ed.). IV – Arthropoda: Insecta. Part 35: Lepidoptera, Moths and Butterflies 1. Handbuch der Zoologie. Berlin & New York: Walter de Gruyter. pp. 131–158. ISBN 3-11-015704-7.
Christopher O'Toole, ed. (2002). Firefly Encyclopedia of Insects and Spiders. ISBN 1-55297-612-2.
Australian Biological Resources Study (October 9, 2008). "Gelechiidae". Australian Faunal Directory. Archived from the original on March 23, 2011. Retrieved April 30, 2010.
"Gelechiidae". Fauna Europaea. December 22, 2009. Archived from the original on June 22, 2011. Retrieved April 30, 2010.
"Gelechiidae". Tree of Life Web Project. May 1, 2008. Archived from the original on November 14, 2009. Retrieved April 30, 2010.
Karsholt, Ole; Mutanen, Marko; Lee, Sangmi; Kaila, Lauri (April 2013). "A molecular analysis of the Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea) with an interpretative grouping of its taxa" (PDF). Systematic Entomology. 38 (2): 334–348. doi:10.1111/syen.12006. S2CID 222201023. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 28 January 2017.