Eumaeini

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Panorpida
Cladus: Amphiesmenoptera
Ordo: Lepidoptera
Subordo: Glossata
Cladus: Coelolepida
Cladus: Myoglossata
Cladus: Neolepidoptera
Infraordo: Heteroneura
Cladus: Eulepidoptera
Cladus: Ditrysia
Cladus: Apoditrysia
Cladus: Obtectomera
Superfamilia: Papilionoidea

Familia: Lycaenidae
Subfamilia: Theclinae
Tribus: Eumaeini
Subtribus: Calycopidina

Overview of Genera:
Ahlbergia – Airamanna – Allosmaitia – Annamaria – Apuecla – Arawacus – Arcas – Arumecla – Arzecla – Atlides – Aubergina – Badecla – Balintus – Bistonina – Brangas – Brevianta – Busbiina – Callophrys – Calycopis – Camissecla – Candora – Celmia – Chalybs – Chlorostrymon – Contrafacia – Cyanophrys – Dabreras – Denivia – Dicya – Electrostrymon – Enos – Erora – Eumaeus – Evenus – Exorbaetta – Gargina – Grishinata – Hypostrymon – Ianusanta – Iaspis – Ignata – Ipidecla – Jagiello – Janthecla – Johnsonita – Kisutam – Kolana – Lamprospilus – Laothus – Lathecla – Magnastigma – Marachina – Megathecla – Micandra – Michaelus – Ministrymon – Mithras – Neolycaena – Nesiostrymon – Nicolaea – Novosatsuma – Ocaria – Oenomaus – Olynthus – Ostrinotes – Paiwarria – Panthiades – Paraspiculatus – Parrhasius – Penaincisalia – Phaeostrymon – Phothecla – Podanotum – Poetukulunma – Porthecla – Pseudolycaena – Radissima – Rekoa – Rhamma – Rubroserrata – Salazaria – Satsuma – Strymon – Semonina – Siderus – Strephonota – Strymon – Symbiopsis – Temecla – Terenthina – Thaeides – Theclopsis – Theorema – Thepytus – Thereus – Theritas – Thestius – Timaeta – Tmolus – Trichonis – Trochusinus – Ziegleria
References

Austin, G.T., Miller, L.D. & Miller, J.Y. 2007. Taxonomic comments on Pseudolycaena Wallengren (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Theclinae: Eumaeini). Bulletin of the Allyn Museum 149: 1–22. PDF. Reference page.
Bálint, Zs, 2004. Further notes on the neotropical hairstreak butterfly genus Paraspiculatus (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Eumaeini). Folia Entomologica Hungarica 65: 107–116. PDF Reference page.
Bálint, Zs., 2009. Five chapters on Annamaria columbia with the description of a new genus (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Eumaeini). Boletín Científico Centro de Museos Museo de Historia Natural 13 (1): 75–82. Full article (PDF) Reference page.
Bálint, Zs., P. Boyer, H.W. Dahners, J.A. Salazar-Escobar & K. Kertész, 2006. Comments on the systematics and natural history of Aveexcrenota, a genus of rare Andean Eumaeine Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 52(3): 331–352. PDF Reference page.
Bálint, Z. & Faynel, C., 2008. Review of the genus Brangas Hübner, 1819 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) with description of a new genus. Annales historico-naturales Musei nationalis hungarici 100: 271–306. PDF. Reference page.
Bálint, Zs., K. Johnson & G.T. Austin, 1998. New species of Eumaeini (Lycaenidae) from Southeastern Brazil II. Review of regional Ministrymon and descriptions of new species (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Annales historico-naturales Musei nationalis hungarici 90: 195–214. PDF. Reference page.
Bálint, Zs., Kertész, K. & Wojtusiak, J., 2010: Notes on the high Andean cloud forest butterfly genus Jagiello and its relatives with description of a new species from Peru (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Annales historico-naturales Musei nationalis hungarici 102: 119–142. PDF. Reference page.

Bálint, Z. & J. Wojtusiak, 2003: Notes on Ecuadorian and Peruvian species of the genus Thecloxurina Johnson, 1992 (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Eumaeini), with descriptions of three new species. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 104 B: 363–386. Full article: [1]
Ballmer, G.R. & G. F. Pratt 1992: Loranthomitoura, a New Genus of Eumaeini (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Theclinae). Tropical Lepidoptera Research 3 (1).
Clench, H. K., 1971. Two new hairstreaks from Mexico (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Bull. Allyn Museum 3: 1–6. Full article: [2] Reference page.
Constantino, L.M. & J.A. Salazar 1998: Description of new species, subspecies and new reports of the butterflies from Colombia (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Riodininae: Nymphalidae: Charaxinae: Satyrinae: Morphinae). Shilap Revista de Lepidopterologia 26 (104): 197–205.
Duarte, M. & R.K. Robbins 2010: Description and phylogenetic analysis of the Calycopidina (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae, Eumaeini): a subtribe of detritivores. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 54 (1): 45–64. Full article: [3].
Duarte, M. ; R.K. Robbins & O.H.H. Mielke, 2005: Immature stages of Calycopis caulonia (Hewitson, 1877) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Theclinae: Eumaeini), with notes on rearing detritivorous hairstreaks on artificial diet. Zootaxa 1063: 1–31. Full article: [4]
ICZN. Opinion 2358 (Case 3458). 2015. Balintus d’Abrera, 2001, Gulliveria d’Abrera & Bálint, 2001, Salazaria d’Abrera & Bálint, 2001, Megathecla Robbins, 2002 and Gullicaena Bálint, 2002 (Insecta, Lepidoptera, LYCAENIDAE): priority maintained. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 72(2): 166–170. Abstract. Reference page.
Johnson, K., 1988: Tergissima and Femniterga, new sister genera of Calycopis Scudder and Calystryma Field from the South Central Andes (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Insecta Mundi 2 (1): 28–42. Full article: [5]
Johnson, K., 1991: Cladistics and the biogeography of two Trans-Caribbean hairstreak butterfly genera, Nesiostrymon and Terra (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). American Museum novitates 3011: 1–43. Full article: [6].
Johnson, K., 1992: Genera and species of the Neotropical ‘elfin’-like hairstreak butterflies. Reports of the Museum of Natural History, University of Wisconsin (Stevens Point) 22 (1): 1–135. Full article: [7].
Johnson, K., 1992: Genera and species of the Neotropical ‘elfin’-like hairstreak butterflies. Reports of the Museum of Natural History, University of Wisconsin (Stevens Point) 22 (2): 136–279. Full article: [8].
Salazar, Constantino & Johnson, 1997. Additional new species and records of "elfin"-like Eumaeini from Colombia (Lycaenidae). Folia Entomologica Hungarica 62: 167-175. Reference page.
Lamas, G. 2004. (ed.) Checklist: Part 4A. Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea. In Heppner, J.B. (ed.) Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Vol.5A, Pt.4A. Assn. for Tropical Lepidoptera/Scientific Publishers, Gainesville. 439pp. Reference page.
Prieto, C. & Zs. Bálint, 2007: Two new lycaenid butterfly species from the high Andes of Ecuador and Peru (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Eumaeini). Folia Entomologica Hungarica 68: 157–171. Full article: [9]
Robbins, R.K., Faynel, C., Hall, J.P.W. & Busby, R.C. 2022. A segmented and clawed male foreleg in a newly described genus and species of eumaeine butterfly (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Insecta Mundi 0922: 1–6. Full article (PDF). Reference page.
Robbins, R.K. & G. Lamas, 2008: Balintus d'Abrera, 2001, Gulliveria d'Abrera & Bálint, 2001, Salazaria d'Abrera & Bálint, 2001, Megathecla Robbins, 2002 and Gullicaena Bálint, 2002 (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae): proposed establishment of availability. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 65 (3): 188–193. Full article: [10].
Robbins, R.K. & G. Lamas, 2008: Nomenclature, variation, and the biological species concept in Lamasina (Lycaenidae: Theclinae: Eumaeini). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 25 (1): 116–127. Full article: [11]
Salazar & Johnson, 1997. A New Genus of Neotropical hairstreaks utilizing bird excrement as their protective color substrate (Eumaeini, Macusiina). Revista Theclinae Colonbianos 2 10pp (PDF). Reference page.

Vernacular names
中文: 美灰蝶族

The Eumaeini are a tribe of gossamer-winged butterflies (family Lycaenidae). They are typically placed in the subfamily Theclinae, but sometimes considered a separate subfamily Eumaeinae. Over 1,000 species are found in the Neotropical realm
Systematics

As not all Theclinae have been assigned to tribes, the genus list is preliminary. However, much progress has been made in sorting out the profusion of synonymous taxa, and at least some degree of stability has been achieved in the early years of the 21st century. While there is no good phylogenetic hypothesis yet for the subfamily, groups of at least apparently related genera have been delimited. They are sometimes called "sections", but do not correspond to the taxonomic rank of section (the section in which the gossamer-winged butterflies are placed is the Cossina); if validated as clades and assigned taxonomic rank, they would qualify as subtribes.[1]

There is still much work to be done, including the splitting of such notorious "wastebin taxa" as Callophrys, and the establishment of a robust phylogenetic and evolutionary scenario. Pending this, the groups are listed here in the presumed phylogenetic sequence, while genera are simply sorted alphabetically.[1]
Fine-lined stripestreak (Arawacus sito) of the Thereus group
Striped hairstreak (Satyrium liparops) of the Satyrium group
Sheridan's hairstreak (Callophrys sheridanii) of the Callophrys group

Eumaeus group

Eumaeus
Mithras (including Paraspiculatus)
Paiwarria (including Fasslantonius)
Theorema

Brangas group

Brangas
Dabreras
Enos (including Chopinia,[2] Falerinota)
Evenus (including Cryptaenota, Endymion, Ipocia, etc.)
Lamasina (= Annamaria[2])
Thaeides

Atlides group

Arcas
Atlides (including Riojana[2])
Pseudolycaena
Theritas (including Aveexcrenota, Denivia, Lucilda,[2] etc.)

Micandra group (formerly in Atlides group)

Brevianta
Busbiina
Ianusanta
Ipidecla
Johnsonita
Micandra (including Egides)
Penaincisalia (including Abloxurina, Candora, etc.)
Phothecla
Podanotum
Rhamma (including Paralustrus, Pontirama, Shapiroana)
Salazaria
Temecla
Timaeta (including Jagiello, Trochusinus)

Thereus group

Arawacus – stripestreaks
Contrafacia
Kolana
Rekoa
Thereus (including Noreena, Pedusa[2])

Satyrium group

Chlorostrymon
Magnastigma
Ocaria (including Lamasa, Variegatta)
Phaeostrymon
Satyrium (including Harkenclenus, Neolycaena, etc.)

Callophrys group

Callophrys (including Incisalia, Mitoura, Xamia, etc.) – green hairstreaks and elfins
Cyanophrys

Thestius group

Bistonina
Megathecla (including Cupathecla, Gullicaena)
Lathecla
Thestius

Allosmaitia group

Allosmaitia
Janthecla
Laothus

Lamprospilus group (groundstreaks and allies)

Arumecla
Calycopis (including Calystryma, Femniterga, etc.)
Camissecla
Electrostrymon (including Angulopis)
Lamprospilus
Ziegleria (including Kisutam)

Strymon group (scrub hairstreaks)

Strymon (including Eiseliana)

Tmolus group

Exorbaetta
Gargina
Ministrymon
Nicolaea
Ostrinotes
Siderus
Strephonota (including Dindyminotes, Letizia, etc.)
Theclopsis (including Asymbiopsis)
Tmolus

Panthiades group

Beatheclus Bálint & Dahners, 2006
Ignata
Michaelus
Oenomaus
Olynthus
Panthiades (including Cycnus)
Parrhasius
Porthecla
Thepytus

Hypostrymon group

Apuecla
Aubergina
Balintus
Celmia (including Cyclotrichia)
Dicya (including Caerofethra)
Hypostrymon
Iaspis
Marachina
Nesiostrymon
Terenthina
Trichonis

Erora group

Erora
Chalybs
Semonina
Symbiopsis

Unplaced (TOL)

Badecla

Footnotes

See Brower (2008) and the references in Savela (2008)

Possibly a nomen nudum

References
Wikispecies has information related to Eumaeini.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eumaeini.

Brower, Andrew V.Z. (2008): Tree of Life Web Project – Eumaeini. Version of 2008-APR-24. Retrieved 2008-NOV-11.
Savela, Markku (2008): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms: Theclinae. Version of 2008-SEP-05. Retrieved 2008-NOV-11.