Crocidosema

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Panorpida
Cladus: Amphiesmenoptera
Ordo: Lepidoptera
Subordo: Glossata
Cladus: Coelolepida
Cladus: Myoglossata
Cladus: Neolepidoptera
Infraordo: Heteroneura
Cladus: Eulepidoptera
Cladus: Ditrysia
Cladus: Apoditrysia
Superfamilia: Tortricoidea

Familia: Tortricidae
Subfamilia: Olethreutinae
Tribus: Eucosmini
Genus: Crocidosema
Species: C. accessa – C. affouchensis – C. albocephalaeis – C. apicinota – C. aporema – C. argentonivea – C. atrovirens – C. bidepas – C. brunna – C. brunneomacula – C. callida – C. calvifrons – C. carchinaia – C. cayeya – C. cecidogena – C. chloana – C. cingularia – C. compsoptila – C. connexa – C. cosmoptila – C. dematia – C. dolicha – C. evidens – C. illepidosa – C. impendens – C. lantana – C. leprara – C. leptozona – C. lineana – C. longipalpana – C. longistria – C. mangaritibae – C. marcapatae – C. marcidellum – C. marumbiana – C. meridospila – C. meteora – C. microscyphos – C. monias – C. multistrigata – C. mycteria – C. nitsugai – C. nolckeniana – C. obliquata – C. obta – C. ochrovirens – C. orfilai – C. panda – C. perijana – C. peroteana – C. perplexana – C. platea – C. plebejana – C. pollutana – C. pristinana – C. puertoricana – C. pusula – C. pyrrhulana – C. roraria – C. rotundata – C. sediliata – C. semanticana – C. synneurota – C. tainia – C. thematica – C. unica – C. venata – C. veternana
Name

Crocidosema Zeller, 1847

Type species: Crocidosema plebejana Zeller, 1847.
Synonyms

Crocidosoma Walker, 1863 List Specimens lepid. Insects Coll. Br. Mus. 28: 279. [misspelling of Crocidosema]
Heligmocera Walsingham, 1891, Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1891507.
Type species: Heligmocera calvifrons Walsingham, 1891.
Parasuleima Clarke, 1965, Proc. U.S. natn. Mus. 11777.
Type species: Crocidosema insulin Aurivillius, 1922.

References

Zeller, 1847, Isis von Oken (Leipzig) 1847(10): 721.
Brown, J.W. 2005. World Catalogue of Insects. Volume 5: Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) 1–741. Apollo Books. Reference page.
Horak, M. 2006: Olethreutine moths of Australia (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera, (10) Google books Reference page.
Razowski, J. & Becker, V.O. 2014. Systematics and Faunistics of Neotropical Eucosmini, 2: Epinotia Hübner, Catastega Clemens, and Crocidosema Zeller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Polish journal of entomology 83(1): 23–59. DOI: 10.2478/pjen-2014-0003 Reference page.
Razowski, J. & Becker, V.O. 2017b: Systematics and faunistics of Neotropical Eucosmini, 3: Epinotia-group of genera (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Polish journal of entomology, 86(4): 303-345. DOI: 10.1515/pjen-2017-0018 Reference page.
Razowski, J., Landry, B. & Roque-Albelo, L. 2008. The Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. Revue suisse de zoologie 115(1): 185–220. BHL Reference page.
Razowski, J. & Wojtusiak, J., 2006: Tortricidae from Venezuela (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Shilap Revista de Lepidopterologia 34 133): 35–79 [1]
Razowski, J. & J. Wojtusiak, 2013: Accessions to the fauna of Neotropical Tortricidae (Lepidoptera). Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, 56 (1): 9–40. Full article: [2].
Vargas, H.A. 2019. A new species of Crocidosema Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) from the Andes of northern Chile. Nota Lepidopterologica 42(2): 129-136. DOI: 10.3897/nl.42.38341 Open access. Full article. Reference page.

Crocidosema is a genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae) belonging to the tribe Eucosmini of subfamily Olethreutinae. They are found mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, being especially common in the Neotropics. But some occur elsewhere, such as on the Hawaiian Islands.[2]

At least some of them can be recognized by their wing veins. In the hindwings, vein 3 and 4 originate from a common stalk, and are approached by the fifth vein at its end. In the forewings, veins 4-6 converge at the termen.[3]

These moths are mostly small and inconspicuous. But C. plebejana is an occasional pest of cotton (and some other mostly malvaceous plants) and has become widely distributed by trade in agricultural produce, while the lantana flower-cluster moth (C. lantana) is employed in Lantana biocontrol and has been deliberately introduced to some locations.
Species

As of 2010, the 29 described species of Crocidosema are:[4]

Crocidosema accessa (Heinrich, 1931)
Crocidosema apicinota (Turner, 1946)
Crocidosema aporema (Walsingham, 1914)
Crocidosema callida Meyrick, 1917
Crocidosema calvifrons (Walsingham, 1891)
Crocidosema cecidogena (Kieffer, 1908)
Crocidosema compsoptila Meyrick, 1936
Crocidosema cosmoptila Meyrick, 1917
Crocidosema evidens (Meyrick, 1917)
Crocidosema impendens Meyrick, 1917
Crocidosema insulana Aurivillius, 1922
Crocidosema lantana Busck, 1910 – lantana flower-cluster moth, lantana tortricid moth
Crocidosema leprarum Walsingham in Sharp, 1907
Crocidosema leptozona (Meyrick, 1921)
Crocidosema longipalpana (Moschler, 1891)
Crocidosema nitsugai Vargas, 2019 [5]
Crocidosema marcidellum Walsingham in Sharp, 1907
Crocidosema meridospila (Meyrick, 1922)
Crocidosema orfilai Pastrana, 1964
Crocidosema perplexana (Fernald, 1901)
Crocidosema plebejana Zeller, 1847
Crocidosema pollutana (Zeller, 1877)
Crocidosema pristinana (Zeller, 1877)
Crocidosema pyrrhulana (Zeller, 1877)
Crocidosema roraria Meyrick, 1917
Crocidosema sediliata (Meyrick, 1912)
Crocidosema thematica (Meyrick, 1918)
Crocidosema unica (Heinrich, 1923)
Crocidosema venata Razowski & Wojtusiak, 2006
Crocidosema veternana (Zeller, 1877)

(incomplete list)
Footnotes

Pitkin & Jenkins (2004), Baixeras et al. (2010a)
Baixeras et al. (2010ab)
Clarke (1986)
Baixeras et al. (2010b)

[Vargas HA (2019) A new species of Crocidosema Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) from the Andes of northern Chile. Nota Lepidopterologica 42(2): 129-136. https://doi.org/10.3897/nl.42.38341 https://nl.pensoft.net/article/38341/]

References

Baixeras, J.; Brown, J.W. & Gilligan, T.M. (2010a): Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae – Genus: Crocidosema account. Version 2.0. Retrieved 2011-OCT-15.
Baixeras, J.; Brown, J.W. & Gilligan, T.M. (2010b): Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae – Crocidosema species list. Version 2.0. Retrieved 2011-OCT-15.
Clarke, John Frederick Gates (1986): Pyralidae and Microlepidoptera of the Marquesas Archipelago. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 416: 1-485. PDF fulltext (214 MB!)
Pitkin, Brian & Jenkins, Paul (2004): Butterflies and Moths of the World, Generic Names and their Type-species – Crocidosema. Version of 2004-NOV-05. Retrieved 2011-OCT-15.