Anthophorini

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Hymenopterida
Ordo: Hymenoptera
Subordo: Apocrita
Superfamilia: Apoidea

Familia: Apidae
Subfamilia: Apinae
Tribus: Anthophorini
Genera: Amegilla - Anthophora – Deltoptila – Elaphropoda – Habrophorula – Habropoda – Pachymelus – †Protohabropoda
Name

Anthophorini Dahlbom, 1835
References
Brooks 1988: Systematics and phylogeny of the anthophorine bees (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae; Anthophorini). University of Kansas science bulletin, 53(9): 436–575.
Ortiz-Sánchez, F.J.; Jiménez-Rodríguez, A.J. 1991: Actualización del catálogo de las especies españolas de Anthophorini (Hymenoptera, Anthophoridae). Boletín de la Asociación Española de Entomología 15: 297–315. PDF Reference page.
Michener C.D. 2000: The Bees of the World, Johns Hopkins University Press.
Andreas Dubitzky 2007: Phylogeny of the World Anthophorini (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Systematic Entomology, 32(4): 585–600.
Dehon, M.; Michez, D.; Nel, A.; Engel, M. S.; De Meulemeester, T. 2014. Wing Shape of Four New Bee Fossils (Hymenoptera: Anthophila) Provides Insights to Bee Evolution. PLOS One, 9(10): 1–16. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0108865.The Anthophorini are a large tribe in the subfamily Apinae of the family Apidae. Species in this tribe are often referred to as digger bees, although this common name is sometimes also applied to members of the tribe Centridini. It contains over 750 species worldwide, all of which were previously classified in the obsolete family Anthophoridae along with members of several other tribes; the vast majority of species in the tribe Anthophorini are in the genera Amegilla and Anthophora.

Description

All Anthophorini species are solitary, though many nest in large aggregations. Nearly all species make nests in the soil, either in banks or in flat ground; the larvae develop in cells with waterproof linings and do not spin cocoons.

The characters used to define this group are subtle, but they are nonetheless fairly recognizable.

They are generally large (up to 3 cm), very robust, hairy bees, with visibly protruding faces, and the apical portion of the wings are studded with microscopic papillae.
The abdomen is often banded, and in many Old World species of Amegilla, these bands are metallic blue.
The wings often appear disproportionately short compared to other bees.
Their "buzz" is often a high-pitched whine, as they hover and feed on flowers.
Males commonly have pale white or yellow facial markings, and/or peculiarly modified leg armature and hairs.

Genera

Amegilla
Anthophora
Deltoptila
Elaphropoda
Habrophorula
Habropoda
Pachymelus
†Protohabropoda[1]
Varthemapistra

References

Dehon, M.; Michez, D.; Nel, A.; Engel, M. S.; De Meulemeester, T. (2014). "Wing Shape of Four New Bee Fossils (Hymenoptera: Anthophila) Provides Insights to Bee Evolution". PLOS ONE. 9 (10): 1–16. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0108865. PMC 4212905. PMID 25354170.

Michener, C. D. (2000). The Bees of the World. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 9780801861338. OCLC 912147043.