Anaxyelidae

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Hymenopterida
Ordo: Hymenoptera
Subordo: Symphyta
Superfamilia: Siricoidea

Familia: Anaxyelidae
Subfamiliae (1 + 3†): Syntexinae - †Anaxyelinae - †Dolichostigmatinae - †Kempendajinae
Overview of genera (1 + 14†)

Syntexis – †Anasyntexis – †Anaxyela – †Brachysyntexis – †Cretosyntexis – †Dolichostigma – †Eosyntexis – †Euryxyela – †Kempendaja – †Kulbastavia – †Nygmatius – †Sinanxyela – †Sphenosyntexis – †Syntexyela – †Urosyntexis
Name

Anaxyelidae Martynov, 1925

References

Aguiar, A.P. et al. 2013: Order Hymenoptera. Zootaxa 3703(1): 51–62. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3703.1.12 Reference page. [Biodiversity: (1 (and †12) genera, 1 (and †32) species)]

Vernacular names
English: Cedar wood wasp
日本語: クキバチモドキ科

Anaxyelidae is a family of incense cedar wood wasps in the order Hymenoptera. It contains only one living genus, Syntexis, which has only a single species, native to Western North America.[1][2][3] Fossils of the family extend back to the Middle Jurassic, belonging to over a dozen extinct genera, with a particularly high diversity during the Early Cretaceous. Syntexis lay eggs in the sapwood of conifers, preferring recently burnt wood.[4]
Genera

These genera belong to the family Anaxyelidae:

Taxonomy after[4]

Subfamily Syntexinae:
Syntexis Rohwer, 1915 Western North America, Recent
† Daosyntexis Daohugou, China, Middle Jurassic (Callovian)[5]
† Dolichosyntexis Zaza Formation, Russia, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
† Curiosyntexis Ola Formation Russia, Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
† Cretosyntexis Rasnitsyn & Martinez-Delclos, 2000 La Pedrera de Rubies Formation, Spain, Early Cretaceous (Barremian)
† Orthosynexis Burmese amber, Myanmar, Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)[4]
† Eosyntexis Rasnitsyn, 1990 Purbeck Group, United Kingdom, Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) La Pedrera de Rubies Formation, Spain, Early Cretaceous (Barremian), Turga Formation, Russia, Aptian, Spanish amber, Early Cretaceous (Albian)
† Sclerosyntexis Burmese amber, Myanmar, Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)[6]
† Parasyntexis Khasurty, Zaza Formation, Russia, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
Anaxylelinae
† Mangus Kopylov 2019[7] Dzun-Bain Formation, Mongolia, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
† Anasyntexis Rasnitsyn, 1968 Karabastau Formation, Middle/Late Jurassic (Callovian-Oxfordian)
† Anaxyela Martynov, 1925 Karabastau Formation, Middle/Late Jurassic (Callovian-Oxfordian)
† Brachysyntexis Rasnitsyn, 1969 Daohugou, China, Middle Jurassic (Callovian), Karabastau Formation, Middle/Late Jurassic (Callovian-Oxfordian), Yixian Formation, China, Aptian, Khasurty, Zaza Formation, Russia, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
† Dolichostigma Rasnitsyn, 1968 Zaza Formation, Russia, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
† Kempendaja Rasnitsyn, 1968 Khaya Formation, Russia, Late Jurassic (Tithonian)
† Kulbastavia Rasnitsyn, 1968 Karabastau Formation, Middle/Late Jurassic (Callovian-Oxfordian)
† Prosyntexis Sharkey, 1990 La Pedrera de Rubies Formation, Spain, Early Cretaceous (Barremian) Crato Formation, Brazil, Aptian Dzun-Bain Formation, Mongolia, Early Cretaceous (Aptian), Ola Formation Russia, Late Cretaceous (Campanian)
† Sphenosyntexis Rasnitzyn, 1969 Karabastau Formation, Middle/Late Jurassic (Callovian-Oxfordian)
† Syntexyela Rasnitsyn, 1968 Karabastau Formation, Middle/Late Jurassic (Callovian-Oxfordian), Yixian Formation, China, Aptian
† Urosyntexis Rasnitzyn, 1969 Karabastau Formation, Middle/Late Jurassic (Callovian-Oxfordian), Khasurty, Zaza Formation, Russia, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)

References

Taeger, A.; Liston, A.D.; Prous, M.; Groll, E.K.; et al. (2018). "ECatSym – Electronic World Catalog of Symphyta (Insecta, Hymenoptera)". Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut (SDEI), Müncheberg. Retrieved 2019-06-01.
Aguiar, A.P.; Deans, A.R.; Engel, M.S.; Forshage, M.; et al. (2013). Zhang, Zhi-Qiang (ed.). "Order Hymenoptera. In: Zhang Z-Q (ed) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classif. and survey of taxonomic richness (Addenda 2013)". Zootaxa. 3703 (1): 1–82. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3703.1.12. ISBN 978-1-86977-849-1. ISSN 1175-5326. PMID 26146682.
"Family Anaxyelidae information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 2019-06-01.
Gao, Jia; Engel, Michael S.; Shih, Chungkun; Ren, Dong; Gao, Taiping (2021-10-29). "A new genus of anaxyelid wood wasps from the mid-Cretaceous and the phylogeny of Anaxyelidae (Hymenoptera)". Journal of Hymenoptera Research. 86: 151–169. doi:10.3897/jhr.86.73161. ISSN 1314-2607.
Kopylov, Dmitry S.; Rasnitsyn, Alexander P.; Zhang, Haichun; Zhang, Qi (2020-01-02). "Anaxyelidae of Daohugou: oldest occurrences of the relict family in the fossil record. Part 1: Daosyntexis and Brachysyntexis". Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 44 (1): 104–114. doi:10.1080/03115518.2019.1697753. ISSN 0311-5518.
Wang, Yimo; Wang, Mei; Rasnitsyn, A.P.; Shih, Chungkun; Ren, Dong; Kopylov, Dmitry S.; Gao, Taiping (May 2020). "A new anaxyelid sawfly (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Siricoidea) in mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber". Cretaceous Research. 109: 104372. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104372. ISSN 0195-6671.

KOPYLOV, DMITRY S. (2019-05-09). "New anaxyelids (Hymenoptera: Anaxyelidae) from the Cretaceous of Asia". Zootaxa. 4603 (2): 341. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4603.2.7. ISSN 1175-5334.