Cheiracanthium

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Classis: Arachnida
Ordo: Araneae
Subordo: Opisthothelae
Infraordo: Araneomorphae
Taxon: Neocribellatae
Series: Entelegynae

Familia: Miturgidae
Subfamilia: Eutichurinae
Genus: Cheiracanthium
Species (198):
A

C. abbreviatum – C. aculeatum – C. aden – C. adjacens – C. africanum – C. aizwalensis – C. aladanensis – C. albidulum – C. algarvense – C. ambrense – C. ampijoroa – C. andranomay – C. angolensis – C. angulitarse – C. anjozorobe – C. annulipes – C. antungense – C. apia – C. approximatum – C. ashleyi – C. auenati – C. auriculatum – C. buri –
B

C. bantaengi – C. barbarum – C. boendense – C. brevicalcaratum – C. brevidens – C. brevispinum –
C

C. campestre – C. canariense – C. catindigae – C. caudatum – C. chayuense – C. conflexum – C. conspersum – C. crucigerum –
D

C. danieli – C. daofeng – C. daquilium – C. debile – C. denisi – C. dippenaarae – C. duanbi –
E

C. echinulatum – C. effossum – C. elegans – C. equestre – C. erraticum – C. escaladae – C. eutittha – C. excavatum – C. exilipes – C. exquestitum –
F

C. falcatum – C. falcis – C. festae – C. fibrosum – C. filiapophysium – C. fisheri – C. floresense – C. foordi – C. foulpointense – C. fujianense – C. fulvotestaceum – C. furax – C. furculatum –
G

C. ghanaense – C. gobi – C. gou – C. gracile – C. gratum – C. griswoldi –
H

C. halophilum – C. haroniensis – C. himalayense – C. hypocyrtum –
I

C. ienisteai – C. ilicis – C. impressum – C. incertum – C. inclusum – C. incomptum – C. indicum – C. inflatum – C. inornatum – C. insigne – C. insulanum – C. insulare – C. isiacum – C. itakeum –
J

C. jabalpurense – C. japonicum – C. joculare – C. jocquei – C. jorgeense – C. jovium –
K

C. kabalense – C. kakamega – C. kakumense – C. kashmirense – C. kazachstanicum – C. kenyaensis – C. kibonotense – C. klabati – C. knipperi – C. kompiricola – C. kupensis –
L

C. lanceolatum – C. lascivum – C. leucophaeum – C. liapophysium – C. ligawsolanum – C. liplikeum – C. liuyangense – C. lompobattangi – C. longimanum – C. longipes – C. longtailen – C. ludovici – C. lukiense –
M

C. macedonicum – C. madagascarense – C. mahajanga – C. malkini – C. mangiferae – C. maraisi – C. margaritae – C. marplesi – C. mayombense – C. melanostomum – C. mertoni – C. mildei – C. minahassae – C. minshullae – C. molle – C. mondrainense – C. mongolicum – C. montanum – C. mordax – C. murinum – C. mysorense –
N

C. nalsaroverense – C. nervosum – C. nickeli – C. ningmingense –
O

C. occidentale – C. olliforme – C. oncognathum –
P

C. pallidum – C. pauriense – C. pelasgicum – C. pennatum – C. pennuliferum – C. pennyi – C. peregrinum – C. pichoni – C. poonaense – C. potanini – C. punctipedellum – C. punctorium – C. punjabense –
R

C. ransoni – C. rehobothense – C. rothi – C. ruandana – C. rupestre – C. rupicola – C. russellsmithi – C. rwandensis –
S

C. sakoemicum – C. salsicola – C. sambii – C. sansibaricum – C. saraswatii – C. schenkeli – C. seidlitzi – C. seshii – C. shilabira – C. shiluvanensis – C. sikkimense – C. silaceum – C. simaoense – C. simplex – C. siwi – C. solidum – C. soputani – C. spectabile – C. sphaericum – C. strasseni – C. stratioticum – C. streblowi – C. striolatum – C. subinsulanum – C. submordax –
T

C. taegense – C. tagorei – C. taiwanicum – C. tanmoyi – C. tanzanense – C. taprobanense – C. tenue – C. tetragnathoide – C. torricellianum – C. torsivum – C. triviale – C. trivittatum – C. turanicum – C. turiae –
U

C. uncinatum – C. unicum –
V

C. vansoni – C. verdensis – C. virescens – C. vorax –
W

C. wiehlei – C. wilma – C. wuquan –
Z

C. zebrinum – C. zhejiangense
Nomina dubia

Cheiracanthium affine Kulczyński, 1901a: 48, pl. 2, f. 41, 43, 46 (m, Ethiopia) -- Lotz, 2007a: 70.
Cheiracanthium agnosticum Strand, 1906b: 633 (f, Ethiopia) -- Lotz, 2007a: 70.
Cheiracanthium bibundicum Strand, 1908e: 272 (f, Cameroon) [1] -- Lotz, 2007a: 70.
Cheiracanthium camerunense Strand, 1906h: 75 (f, Cameroon) -- Lotz, 2007a: 70.
Cheiracanthium croceum Workman, 1900: 107, f, Singapore -- omitted by Roewer.
Cheiracanthium cuniculum Herman, 1879: 159, 357, pl. 7, f. 160 (f, Hungary, Slovakia) [2] -- Breitling et al., 2016b: 69, confirming Samu & Szinetár, 1999: 162.
Cheiracanthium escalerai Simon, 1903e: 103 (f, Equatorial Guinea) -- Lotz, 2007a: 70.
Cheiracanthium hottentottum Strand, 1907a: 543, 1907n: 685 (j, South Africa) -- Lotz, 2007a: 70.
Cheiracanthium mellitum Simon, 1909f: 348, f. 6 (mf, Guinea-Bissau) -- Lotz, 2007a: 70.
Cheiracanthium micheli Simon, 1901d: 23 (m, Ethiopia) -- Lotz, 2007a: 71.
Cheiracanthium pallicolor Strand, 1906b: 633 (mf, Ethiopia, East Africa) -- Lotz, 2007a: 71.
Cheiracanthium pauciaculeis Strand, 1906b: 634 (f, Ethiopia) -- Lotz, 2007a: 71.
Cheiracanthium perincertum Caporiacco, 1940c: 839, f. 39 (f, Ethiopia) -- Lotz, 2007a: 71.
Cheiracanthium proximum Kulczyński, 1901a: 46, pl. 2, f. 42, 44, 47 (f, Ethiopia) -- Lotz, 2007a: 71.
Cheiracanthium reimoseri Caporiacco, 1940c: 838, f. 38 (m, Ethiopia) -- Lotz, 2007a: 71.
Cheiracanthium rupestre Herman, 1879: 157, 356, pl. 7, f. 158 (f, Hungary). -- Breitling et al., 2016a: 40.
Cheiracanthium socotrense Pocock, 1903g: 195 (m, Socotra) -- Lotz, 2007a: 71.
Cheiracanthium somalinum Pavesi, 1895b: 41 (mf, Somalia) -- Lotz, 2007a: 71.
Cheiracanthium suave Workman, 1900: 106, f, Singapore -- omitted by Roewer.
Cheiracanthium subyemenense Caporiacco, 1947d: 196, pl. 2, f. 43 (f, Ethiopia) -- Lotz, 2007a: 71.
Cheiracanthium thorelli Workman, 1900: 108, m, Singapore -- omitted by Roewer.
Cheiracanthium yemenense Simon, 1882b: 240, pl. 8, f. 16 (m, Yemen, Somalia) -- Lotz, 2007a: 71.

Name

Cheiracanthium C. L. Koch, 1839

Type species: Aranea nutrix Walckenaer, 1802 [=Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789)]
Synonyms

Chiracanthops Mello-Leitão, 1942 (synonymized by Bonaldo & Brescovit, 1992: 732)

Type species: Chiracanthops mandibularis Cândido Firmino de Mello-Leitão, 1942

Helebiona Benoit, 1977 (synonymized by Lotz, 2007: 4)

Type species: Helebiona wilma Pierre L. G. Benoit, 1977

References

Dankittipakul, P.; Beccaloni, J. 2012: Validation and new synonymies proposed for Cheiracanthium species from South and Southeast Asia (Araneae, Clubionidae). Zootaxa 3510: 77–86. Preview Reference page.
Esyunin, S.L. & Efimik V.E. 2021. On the gratum species group of the genus Cheiracanthium C.L. Koch, 1839 (Aranei: Cheiracanthidae), with a description of a new species. Arthropoda Selecta 30(2): 239–244. Reference page.
Lotz, L.N. 2007: The genus Cheiracanthium (Araneae: Miturgidae) in the Afrotropical region. 2. Description of new species. Navorsinge van die Nasionale Museum Bloemfontein 23: 145-184. Reference page.
Lotz, L.N. 2007a: The genus Cheiracanthium (Araneae: Miturgidae) in the Afrotropical region. 1. Revision of known species. Navorsinge van die Nasionale Museum Bloemfontein 23: 1-76. Reference page.
Lotz, L.N. 2011: The genus Cheiracanthium (Araneae: Miturgidae) in the Afrotropical Region. 3. Description of four new species. Navorsinge van die Nasionale Museum, Bloemfontein 27(2): 21–36. PDF Reference page.
Lotz, L.N. 2014: New species of Cheiracanthium (Araneae: Eutichuridae) from Madagascar and the Comoros Islands. Zootaxa 3857(3): 301–332. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3857.3.1 Reference page.
Lotz, L.N. 2015: New Species of the Spider Genus Cheiracanthium from Continental Africa (Araneae: Eutichuridae). Zootaxa 3973(2): 321–336. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3973.2.7. Preview (PDF) Reference page.
Mbo, Z. & Haddad, C.R. 2020. Remarks on two poorly known Dionycha spiders from the Afrotropical Region (Araneae: Cheiracanthiidae, Liocranidae). Arachnology 18(4): 325-328. DOI: 10.13156/arac.2020.18.4.325. Paywall. Reference page.
Morano, E. & Bonal, R. 2016. Cheiracanthium ilicis sp. n. (Araneae, Eutichuridae), a novel spider species associated with Holm Oaks (Quercus ilex). ZooKeys 601: 21–39. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.601.8241. Reference page.
Ramírez, M.J.; Bonaldo, A.B.; Brescovit, A.D. 1997: Revisión del género Macerio y comentarios sobre la ubicación de Cheiracanthium, Tecution y Helebiona (Araneae, Miturgidae, Eutichurinae). Iheringia (zool.), 82: 43–66.
Platnick, N. I. 2009. The World Spider Catalog, version 9.5. American Museum of Natural History. [3]
Tikader, B.K. 1962a. Studies on some Indian spiders (Araneae: Arachnida). Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology 44(300): 561-584. DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1962.tb01624.x. Paywall. Reference page.
Wang, Y.-N. & Zhang, F. 2013. A new spider species of the genus Cheiracanthium (Araneae, Miturgidae) from Guangxi, China. Acta zootaxonomica sinica 38(1): 59–63. Reference page.
Zhang, J.S., Yu, H. & Li, S.Q. 2020. New cheiracanthiid spiders from Xishuangbanna rainforest, southwestern China (Araneae, Cheiracanthiidae). ZooKeys 940: 51-77. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.940.51802. Open access. Reference page.
Zhang, J-S., Zhang, G.R. & Yu, H. 2018. Four species of spider genus Cheiracanthium C. L. Koch, 1839 (Araneae, Eutichuridae) from Jinggang Mountains, Jiangxi Province, China. ZooKeys 762: 33–45. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.762.23786. Reference page.

Vernacular names
English: Longlegged Sac Spiders
한국어: 어리미투기거미속

Cheiracanthium, commonly called yellow sac spiders, is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Cheiracanthiidae, and was first described by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1839.[4] They are usually pale in colour, and have an abdomen that can range from yellow to beige. Both sexes range in size from 5 to 10 millimetres (0.20 to 0.39 in). They are unique among common house spiders because their tarsi do not point either outward, like members of Tegenaria, or inward, like members of Araneus), making them easier to identify. The name is a reference to the backwardly directed process on the cymbium of the male palp.[5] The species epithet is derived from the Greek Ancient Greek: χείρ, romanized: cheir, meaning "hand", and Acanthium, a genus of thorny-stemmed plants.
Venom

Though they are beneficial predators in agricultural fields, they are also known to be mildly venomous to humans. Painful bites may be incurred from species such as C. punctorium in Europe, C. mildei in Europe and North America, C. inclusum in the Americas, C. lawrencei in South Africa and C. japonicum in Japan.[6] Cheiracanthium venom is purportedly necrotic, and can cause pain, swelling, and lesions in humans,[6] but the necrotic nature and severity of its bite has been disputed.[7] A study of twenty confirmed Cheiracanthium bites in the United States and Australia found that none resulted in necrosis, and a review of the international literature on 39 verified Cheiracanthium bites found only one case of mild necrosis in the European species C. punctorium.[7]
Misconceptions

A theory that these spiders were attracted to the smell of gasoline was involved in a series of consumer vehicle callbacks in which spiderwebs had blocked fuel lines, but it has since been disproven by a study which found that the juvenile yellow sac spiders were attracted to the hose material itself.[8]
Species

Cheiracanthium is primarily an Old World genus, with many species found from northern Europe to Japan, from Southern Africa to India and Australia. The only known species in the New World are C. inclusum and C. mildei. While the former also occurs in Africa and Réunion, the latter is found in the Holarctic region and Argentina. They can also be found in the lower mainland of British Columbia, Canada. The genus is quite diverse in Africa and at least three or four species are known to occur in Egyptian cotton fields alone.[1] As of August 2022 it contains 214 species, found in the Caribbean, South America, Oceania, Europe, Central America, Africa, Asia, North America, and on Saint Helena:[1]

C. abbreviatum Simon, 1878 – France, Denmark
C. aculeatum Simon, 1884 – Africa
C. aden Lotz, 2007 – Yemen
C. adjacens O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885 – China (Yarkand), Karakorum
C. africanum Lessert, 1921 – Africa, Madagascar, Réunion
C. aizwalense Biswas & Biswas, 2007 – India
C. aladanense Lotz, 2007 – Yemen
C. albidulum (Blackwall, 1859) – Madeira
C. algarvense Wunderlich, 2012 – Portugal, Spain
C. ambrense Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar
C. ampijoroa Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar
C. andamanense (Tikader, 1977) - India
C. andranomay Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar
C. angolense Lotz, 2007 – Angola, Zimbabwe, South Africa
C. angulitarse Simon, 1878 – Spain, France (Corsica), Italy, Hungary, Romania
C. anjozorobe Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar
C. annulipes O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 – Spain, Egypt, Israel
C. antungense Chen & Huang, 2012 – Taiwan
C. apia Platnick, 1998 – Samoa
C. approximatum O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885 – China (Yarkand)
C. ashleyi Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar
C. auenati Caporiacco, 1936 – Libya
C. auriculatum Zhang, Zhang & Yu, 2018 – China
C. bantaengi Merian, 1911 – Indonesia (Sulawesi)
C. barbarum (Lucas, 1846) – Algeria
C. boendense Lotz, 2015 – Congo
C. brevidens Kroneberg, 1875 – Central Asia
C. brevispinum Song, Feng & Shang, 1982 – China, Korea
C. buri Esyunin & Efimik, 202 - Russia
C. campestre Lohmander, 1944 – Sweden, Denmark, [[Central Europe]], Romania, Ukraine, Russia (Europe)
C. canariense Wunderlich, 1987 – Canary Is., Turkey, Egypt
C. catindigae Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
C. caudatum (Thorell, 1887) – Myanmar
C. chayuense Li & Zhang, 2019 - China
C. conflexum Simon, 1906 – India
C. conspersum (Thorell, 1891) – India (Nicobar Is.)
C. crucigerum Rainbow, 1920 – Australia (Norfolk Is.)
C. danieli Tikader, 1975 – India
C. daofeng Yu & Li, 2020 - China
C. daquilium Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Indonesia, Philippines
C. debile Simon, 1890 – Chad, Yemen
C. denisi Caporiacco, 1939 – Ethiopia, Congo
C. dippenaarae Lotz, 2007 – South Africa
C. duanbi Yu & Li, 2020 - China
C. echinulatum Zhang, Zhang & Yu, 2018 – China
C. effossum Herman, 1879 – Central to eastern Europe
C. elegans Thorell, 1875 – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to south Siberia), Kazakhstan, Central Asia
C. equestre O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874 – Libya, Egypt
C. erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Iran, Central Asia, China, Korea, Japan
C. escaladae Barrion, Barrion-Dupo & Heong, 2013 – China
C. eutittha Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 – Taiwan, Japan, Korea?
C. exilipes (Lucas, 1846) – Algeria
C. exquestitum Zhang & Zhu, 1993 – China
C. falcatum Chen, Huang, Chen & Wang, 2006 – Taiwan
C. falcis Lotz, 2015 – Gabon
C. festae Pavesi, 1895 – Israel
C. fibrosum Zhang, Hu & Zhu, 1994 – China
C. filiapophysium Chen & Huang, 2012 – Taiwan
C. fisheri Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar
C. floresense Wunderlich, 2008 – Azores
C. foordi Lotz, 2015 – South Africa
C. foulpointense Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar
C. fujianense Gong, 1983 – China
C. fulvotestaceum Simon, 1878 – France
C. furax L. Koch, 1873 – Samoa
C. furculatum Karsch, 1879 – Cape Verde Is., Africa, Madagascar, Comoros
C. ghanaense Lotz, 2015 – Ghana
C. gobi Schmidt & Barensteiner, 2000 – China
C. gou Yu & Li, 2020 - China
C. gracile L. Koch, 1873 – Australia (Queensland, New South Wales)
C. gratum Kulczyński, 1897 – Germany, Hungary
C. griswoldi Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar
C. halophilum Schmidt & Piepho, 1994 – Cape Verde Is.
C. haroniense Lotz, 2007 – Zimbabwe
C. himalayense Gravely, 1931 – India
C. hypocyrtum Zhang & Zhu, 1993 – China
C. ienisteai Sterghiu, 1985 – Romania, Albania
C. ilicis Morano & Bonal, 2016 – Spain
C. impressum Thorell, 1881 – Australia (Queensland)
C. incertum O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869 – Sri Lanka
C. inclusum (Hentz, 1847) – North America, Central America, Caribbean, South America. Introduced to Réunion
C. incomptum (Thorell, 1891) – India (Nicobar Is.)
C. indicum O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874 – India, Sri Lanka
C. inflatum Wang & Zhang, 2013 – China
C. inornatum O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874 – India
C. insigne O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874 – India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Myanmar, Laos, China
C. insulare L. Koch, 1866 – Samoa
C. insulare (Vinson, 1863) – Madagascar, Réunion
C. iranicum Esyunin & Zamani, 2020 - Iran
C. isiacum O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874 – Libya, Egypt
C. itakeum Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
C. jabalpurense Majumder & Tikader, 1991 – India
C. japonicum Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 – China, Korea, Japan
C. jocquei Lotz, 2014 – Comoros, Madagascar
C. joculare Simon, 1910 – São Tomé and Príncipe
C. jorgeense Wunderlich, 2008 – Azores
C. jovium Denis, 1947 – Egypt
C. kabalense Lotz, 2015 – Uganda
C. kakamega Lotz, 2015 – Kenya
C. kakumense Lotz, 2015 – Ivory Coast, Ghana, Congo
C. kashmirense Majumder & Tikader, 1991 – India
C. kazachstanicum Ponomarev, 2007 – Kazakhstan
C. kenyaense Lotz, 2007 – Africa
C. kibonotense Lessert, 1921 – Ethiopia, Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
C. klabati Merian, 1911 – Indonesia (Sulawesi)
C. knipperi Lotz, 2011 – Tanzania
C. kupense Lotz, 2007 – Cameroon
C. lascivum Karsch, 1879 – Russia (Sakhalin), China, Korea, Japan
C. leucophaeum Simon, 1897 – Madagascar
C. ligawsolanum Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
C. liplikeum Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
C. liuyangense Xie, Yin, Yan & Kim, 1996 – China
C. longimanum L. Koch, 1873 – Australia (Queensland), Tonga, Fiji, Vanuatu, New Caledonia
C. longipes (Thorell, 1890) – Indonesia (Sumatra)
C. ludovici Lessert, 1921 – Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Madagascar
C. lukiense Lotz, 2015 – Congo
C. macedonicum Drensky, 1921 – Italy, Slovenia, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Macedonia, Bulgaria
C. madagascarense Lotz, 2014 – Comoros, Madagascar
C. mahajanga Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar
C. malkini Lotz, 2007 – Nigeria
C. mangiferae Workman, 1896 – Singapore, Indonesia (Sumatra)
C. maraisi Lotz, 2007 – Namibia, Botswana
C. margaritae Sterghiu, 1985 – Romania
C. mayombense Lotz, 2015 – Congo
C. melanostomum (Thorell, 1895) – India, Bangladesh, Myanmar
C. mertoni Strand, 1911 – Indonesia (Aru Is.)
C. mildei L. Koch, 1864 – Europe, North AfricaEurope, North Africa, Turkey, Middle East, Caucasus, Russia (Europe) to Central Asia. Introduced to North America, Argentina
C. minahassae Merian, 1911 – Indonesia (Sulawesi)
C. minshullae Lotz, 2007 – Zimbabwe, Botswana, South Africa
C. molle L. Koch, 1875 – Africa, Saudi Arabia
C. mondrainense Main, 1954 – Australia (Western Australia)
C. mongolicum Schenkel, 1963 – Mongolia
C. montanum L. Koch, 1877 – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Iran
C. murinum (Thorell, 1895) – India, Myanmar
C. mysorense Majumder & Tikader, 1991 – India, Bangladesh
C. nalsaroverense Patel & Patel, 1973 – India
C. nervosum Simon, 1909 – Australia (Western Australia)
C. nickeli Lotz, 2011 – Mauritania
C. ningmingense Zhang & Yin, 1999 – China
C. occidentale L. Koch, 1882 – Spain (Minorca), Italy
C. olliforme Zhang & Zhu, 1993 – China
C. oncognathum Thorell, 1871 – Europe
C. pallidum Rainbow, 1920 – Australia (Lord Howe Is.)
C. pauriense Majumder & Tikader, 1991 – India
C. pelasgicum (C. L. Koch, 1837) – Southern and eastern Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe) to Tajikistan
C. pennatum Simon, 1878 – Southern Europe, Romania
C. pennuliferum Simon, 1909 – Australia (Western Australia)
C. pennyi O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873 – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to south Siberia), Iran, Central Asia, China
C. peregrinum Thorell, 1899 – Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Cameroon
C. pichoni Schenkel, 1963 – China
C. poonaense Majumder & Tikader, 1991 – India
C. potanini Schenkel, 1963 – China
C. punctipedellum Caporiacco, 1949 – Congo, Rwanda, Kenya
C. punctorium (Villers, 1789) (type) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to south Siberia), Iran, Central Asia
C. punjabense Sadana & Bajaj, 1980 – India
C. ransoni Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar
C. rehobothense Strand, 1915 – Israel
C. rothi Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar
C. ruandana (Strand, 1916) - Rwanda
C. rupicola (Thorell, 1897) – Myanmar, China, Indonesia
C. russellsmithi Lotz, 2007 – Ethiopia
C. rwandense Lotz, 2011 – Rwanda
C. saccharanalis Mukhtar, 2015 – Pakistan
C. sadanai Tikader, 1976 - India
C. sakoemicum Roewer, 1938 – New Guinea
C. salsicola Simon, 1932 – France
C. sambii Patel & Reddy, 1991 – India
C. sansibaricum Strand, 1907 – Ivory Coast to Zanzibar
C. saraswatii Tikader, 1962 – India
C. schenkeli Caporiacco, 1949 – Kenya, Rwanda, Zimbabwe, Botswana, South Africa
C. seidlitzi L. Koch, 1864 – Mediterranean to Central Asia
C. seshii Patel & Reddy, 1991 – India
C. shilabira Lotz, 2015 – Congo, Kenya
C. shiluvanense Lotz, 2007 – South Africa
C. sikkimense Majumder & Tikader, 1991 – India, Bangladesh
C. silaceum Rainbow, 1897 – Australia (New South Wales)
C. simaoense Zhang & Yin, 1999 – China
C. simplex Thorell, 1899 – Cameroon, Nigeria
C. siwi El-Hennawy, 2001 – Egypt
C. solidum Zhang, Zhu & Hu, 1993 – China
C. soputani Merian, 1911 – Indonesia (Sulawesi)
C. spectabile (Thorell, 1887) – Myanmar
C. sphaericum Zhang, Zhu & Hu, 1993 – China
C. stratioticum L. Koch, 1873 – New Zealand, Australia (Tasmania)
C. streblowi L. Koch, 1879 – Russia (Middle and south Siberia)
C. striolatum Simon, 1878 – Western Mediterranean
C. subinsulanum Li & Zhang, 2019 - China
C. taegense Paik, 1990 – China, Korea, Japan
C. tagorei Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 2003 – Bangladesh
C. taiwanicum Chen, Huang, Chen & Wang, 2006 – China, Taiwan
C. tanmoyi Biswas & Roy, 2005 – India
C. tanzanense Lotz, 2015 – Tanzania
C. taprobanense Strand, 1907 – Sri Lanka
C. tenue L. Koch, 1873 – Australia (Queensland)
C. tetragnathoide Caporiacco, 1949 – Kenya
C. torricellianum Strand, 1911 – New Guinea
C. torsivum Chen & Huang, 2012 – Taiwan
C. triviale (Thorell, 1895) – India, Myanmar
C. trivittatum Simon, 1906 – India
C. truncatum (Thorell, 1895) – Myanmar
C. turanicum Kroneberg, 1875 – Uzbekistan, Tajikistan
C. turiae Strand, 1917 – Thailand to Australia (Queensland)
C. uncinatum Paik, 1985 – China, Korea
C. unicum Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 – Korea, Japan, China, Laos
C. vankhedei Marusik & Fomichev, 2016 – Mongolia
C. vansoni Lawrence, 1936 – Southern Africa
C. verdense Lotz, 2011 – Cape Verde Is.
C. virescens (Sundevall, 1833) – Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Iran, China
C. vorax O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874 – India
C. warsai Mukhtar, 2015 – Pakistan
C. wiehlei Chrysanthus, 1967 – New Guinea
C. wilma (Benoit, 1977) – St. Helena
C. wuquan Yu & Li, 2020 - China
C. zebrinum Savelyeva, 1972 – Russia (south Siberia), Kazakhstan
C. zhejiangense Hu & Song, 1982 – China, Korea