Anelasma

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Cladus: Pancrustacea
Superclassis: Multicrustacea
Classis: Thecostraca
Subclassis: Cirripedia
Superordo: Thoracica
Superordine: Thoracicalcarea
Ordine: Pollicipedomorpha

Familia: Pollicipedidae
Genus: Anelasma
Species (1): A. squalicola
Name

Anelasma Darwin, 1852: 169

Gender: feminine
Type species: Alepas squalicola (Loven, 1852): 193, by monotypy
ZooBank: 4611B3C5-CD01-4CE4-9B1B-5C286F76FF76

References

Darwin, C. 1852. A monograph on the sub-class Cirripedia with figures of all species. Vol. 1 The Lepadidae or Pedunculated Cirrepedes. Ray Society. BHL Reference page. [See p. 169

Chan, B.K-K., Dreyer, N., Gale, A.S., Glenner, H., Ewers-Saucedo, C., Perez-Losada, M., Kolbasov, G.A., Crandall, K.A. & Høeg, J.T. 2021. The evolutionary diversity of barnacles, with an updated classification of fossil and living forms. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 193(3): 789–846. DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa160 Open access Reference page. [See p. 40, formal re-assignment to Pollicipedidae]
Rees, D.J., Noever, C., Høeg, J.T., Ommundsen, A. & Glenner, H. 2014. On the origin of a novel parasitic-feeding mode within suspension-feeding barnacles. Current Biology 24: 1429–1434. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2014.05.030 Open access pdf Reference page. [provides molecular and morphological evidence for placement in Pollicipidae]
Zevina, G.B. 1980. A new classification of the Lepadomorpha (Cirripedia). Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 59(5): 689–698. [in Russian] Reference page.

Links

BHL bibliography
Anelasma (Cirripedia) – Taxon details on Encyclopedia of Life (EOL).
Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2019. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Anelasma (Cirripedia).
ION
Anelasma (Cirripedia) in the World Register of Marine Species
Article with photos

[[Category:new genus-group name 1852]

Anelasma is a monotypic genus of goose barnacles that live as parasites on various shark hosts.
Taxonomy

The genus Anelasma contains a single species, Anelasma squalicola.[1] The nominal species, however, has a very broad distribution and may in fact be a species complex that contain several undescribed species.[2]

It has been suggested that Anelasma diverged from the ancestor it shares with its current closest relatives (the free-living, suspension-feeding species in the genera Capitulum and Pollicipes) a long time ago. The species may represent the only remaining representative of a previously more numerous clade that made the evolutionary transition from filter-feeding to parasitism.[3]
Description
Velvet belly lanternshark with Anelasma

This barnacle reaches a length of approximately 25 mm. Unlike most barnacles, it has no shell; the outermost integument is its tough, purplish-black mantle, without any calcareous plates. The body protrudes from the skin of its host and is usually encountered in pairs. The cirri, normally used by barnacles for filtering food items out of the water, are vestigial, being small and unbranched, and have lost their feeding function. Nutrition is instead extracted from the host through hidden tendrils that extend downwards from the base.[4]
Distribution

The species is widespread in deeper waters (samples off South Africa have been obtained from ~650 m) and occurs on a variety of shark species. Records are known from cold waters off Greenland, Britain, New Zealand, Chile and South Africa, as well as warmer waters off Spain, the Canary Islands, Australia, and in the Gulf of Mexico.[4]
Ecology

Anelasma are mesoparasitic barnacles that can be found attached to several species of deep-sea squaloid sharks, including at least black dogfish (Centroscyllium fabricii), combtooth dogfish (Centroscyllium nigrum), velvet belly lanternshark (Etmopterus spinax), fringefin lanternshark (E. schultzi), great lanternshark (E. princeps), brown lanternshark (E. unicolor), and southern lanternshark (E. granulosus). Anelasma are partially embedded in the flesh of the host, and seem to retard sexual development of their hosts, apparently castrating them.[2]
References

http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=106093

"Anelasma squalicola Darwin, 1851". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved March 8, 2013.
Yano, K.; Musick, J. A. (2000). "The effect of the mesoparasitic barnacle Anelasma on the development of reproductive organs of deep-sea squaloid sharks, Centroscyllium and Etmopterus". Environmental Biology of Fishes. 59 (3): 329–339. doi:10.1023/A:1007649227422. S2CID 6049145.
Rees, JD; Noever, C; Høeg, JT; Ommundsen, A; Glenner, H (2014). "On the origin of a novel parasitic-feeding mode within suspension-feeding barnacles". Current Biology. 24 (12): 1429–1434. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.05.030. PMID 24909326.
Biccard, Aiden; Griffiths, Charles L. (2016). "Additions to the barnacle (Crustacea: Cirripedia) fauna of South Africa". African Zoology. 51 (2): 99–116. doi:10.1080/15627020.2016.1196610. hdl:10019.1/121891. S2CID 89319252.