Thismia

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Dioscoreales

Familia: Burmanniaceae
Tribus: Thismieae
Genus: Thismia
Species: T. abei – T. acuminata – T. alba – T. americana – T. angustimitra – T. annamensis – T. appendiculata – T. arachnites – T. aseroe – T. aurantiaca – T. betung-kerihunensis – T. bifida – T. bokorensis – T. breviappendiculata – T. brunneomitra – T. brunneomitroides – T. brunonis – T. bryndonii – T. caudata – T. chrysops – T. clandestina – T. clavarioides – T. claviformis – T. cornuta – T. crocea – T. domei – T. episcopalis – T. espirito-santensis – T. filiformis – T. fumida – T. fungiformis – T. gardneriana – T. gigantea – T. glaziovii – T. gongshanensis – T. goodii – T. grandiflora – T. hawkesii – T. hexagona – T. hexagona – T. hexagona – T. hongkongensis – T. huangii – T. hyalina – T. iguassuensis – T. inconspicua – T. janeirensis – T. javanica – T. kelabitiana – T. kelantanensis – T. kinabaluensis – T. kobensis – T. labiata – T. laevis – T. lanternata – T. lauriana – T. luetzelburgii – T. macahensis – T. megalongensis – T. melanomitra – T. mirabilis – T. mucronata – T. mullerensis – T. neptunis – T. nigra – T. nigricans – T. nigricoronata – T. okhaensis – T. ophiuris – T. pallida – T. panamensis – T. prataensis – T. puberula – T. racemosa – T. rodwayi – T. sahyadrica – T. saulensis – T. singeri – T. sumatrana – T. taiwanensis – T. tectipora – T. tentaculata – T. terengganuensis – T. thaithongiana – T. tuberculata – T. viridistriata – T. yorkensis
Name

Thismia Griff., Proc. Linn. Soc. i. (1844) 221; et in Trans. Linn. Soc. xix. 341. t.39. (1845)

Type species: Thismia brunonis Griff., Proc. Linn. Soc. London 1: 221 (1845)

Synonymy

Heterotypic
Ophiomeris Miers, Proc. Linn. Soc. London 1: 328 (1847)
Sarcosiphon Blume, Mus. Bot. 1: 65 (1849)
Tribrachys Champ. ex Thwaites, Enum. Pl. Zeyl.: 325 (1864), nom. inval.
Myostoma Miers, Trans. Linn. Soc. London 25: 474 (1866)
Bagnisia Becc., Malesia 1: 249 (1878)
Rodwaya F.Muell., Vict. Naturalist 7: 116 (1890), nom. inval.
Triscyphus Taub., Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 36: 66 (1895)
Glaziocharis Taub. ex Warm., Overs. Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Forh. Medlemmers Arbeider 1901(6): 175 (1902)
Scaphiophora Schltr., Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 39 (1921)
Triurocodon Schltr., Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 41 (1921)
Mamorea de la Sota, Darwiniana 12: 43 (1960)

Note: Species delineation relies mainly on floral characteristics and relatively little is known of their taxonomy, distribution and reproductive biology. Newly described species require careful cross checking against accepted combinations before being widely accepted.
References

Griffiths, W. 1845. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London 1: 221. BHL

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Thismia in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2019 July 11. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2018. Thismia. Published online. Accessed: Sept. 6, 2018.
Tropicos.org 2018. Thismia. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 Sept. 6.

Thismia is a genus of myco-heterotrophic plants in family Burmanniaceae, first described as a genus in 1845. It is native to East and Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand, and the Americas.[4][5]

Species[3]

Thismia abei Hatus. – Awa, Shikoku Island, Japan
Thismia alba Holttum – S Thailand, Pahang
†Thismia americana N.Pfeiff. – extinct, formerly Lake Calumet, Illinois, USA[6]
Thismia angustimitra S.Chantanaorrapint[7] – Thailand
Thismia annamensis K.Larsen & Aver. – Vietnam
Thismia arachnites Ridl. – W Malaysia
Thismia aseroe Becc. – Perak, Singapore
Thismia betung-kerihunensis Tsukaya & H.Okada – Kalimantan
Thismia bifida M.Hotta – Sarawak
Thismia brunneomitra Hroneš, Kobrlová & Dančák[8] – Brunei
Thismia brunonis Griff. – Myanmar
†Thismia caudata Maas & H.Maas – extinct, formerly Brazil
Thismia chrysops Ridl – W Malaysia
Thismia clandestina (Blume) Miq.[7] – Java
Thismia clavarioides K.R.Thiele[9] – New South Wales
Thismia coronata Dančák, Hroneš and Sochor [10] – Sarawak
Thismia crocea (Becc.) J.J.Sm.[7] – W New Guinea
Thismia episcopalis (Becc.) J.J.Sm.[7] – Borneo
Thismia espirito-santensis Brade – Espírito Santo, Brazil
Thismia filiformis Chantanaorr. – Thailand
Thismia fumida Ridl – Selangor, Singapore
†Thismia fungiformis (Taub. ex Warm.) Maas & H.Maas – extinct, formerly Brazil
Thismia gardneriana Hook.f. ex Thwaites – Sri Lanka
Thismia glaziovii Poulsen – Rio de Janeiro in Brazil
Thismia goodii Kiew – Sabah
Thismia grandiflora Ridl. – Johor in Malaysia
Thismia hexagona Dančák, Hroneš, Kobrlová & Sochor, 2013[11] – Brunei
Thismia hongkongensis S.S.Mar & R.M.K.Saunders[12] – Hong Kong
Thismia huangii P.Y.Jiang & T.H.Hsieh – Taiwan
Thismia hyalina (Miers) Benth. & Hook.f. ex F.Muell. – Peru, Brazil
Thismia iguassuensis (Miers) Warm. – Rio de Janeiro in Brazil
Thismia inconspicua Sochor & Dančák,[13] – Brunei
Thismia janeirensis Warm – Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais, Brazil
Thismia javanica J.J. Sm. – Thailand, Vietnam, Java, Sumatra
Thismia jianfenglingensis – Hainan Island, China[14]
†Thismia kobensis – Japan (never seen alive; holotype and only specimen found in 1992 and declared extinct in 2010 but not described until 2018)
Thismia labiata J.J.Sm. – Sumatra
Thismia lauriana Jarvie – Kalimantan
Thismia luetzelburgii Goebel & Suess. – Costa Rica, Panama, Espirito Santo
Thismia macahensis (Miers) F.Muell. – Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Thismia megalongensis C.Hunt, G.Steenbeeke & V.Merckx[15] – New South Wales, Australia
Thismia melanomitra & H.Maas – Ecuador
Thismia mirabilis K. Larsen – Thailand
Thismia mullerensis Tsukaya & H.Okada[16] – Kalimantan
Thismia neptunis Becc. – Sarawak
Thismia nigricoronata Kumar & S.W.Gale[17] – Laos
Thismia ophiuris Becc. – Borneo
Thismia ornata Dančák, Hroneš and Sochor [10] – Sarawak
Thismia panamensis (Standl.) Jonker – from Costa Rica to Bolivia
Thismia racemosa Ridl. – Pahang, Malaysia
Thismia rodwayi F.Muell. – Fairy Lanterns[9] – New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria, New Zealand North Island
Thismia saulensis[18] – French Guiana
Thismia singeri (de la Sota) Maas & H.Maas – Beni, Bolivia
Thismia sitimeriamiae Siti-Munirah, Dome & Thorogood, sp. nov. – Malaysia[19]
Thismia taiwanensis[20] – Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Thismia tentaculata K.Larsen & Aver. – Hong Kong, Vietnam
Thismia thaithongiana Chantanaorr. & Suddee, 2018 – Thailand[21]
Thismia tuberculata Hatus. – Kyushu, Japan
Thismia yorkensis Cribb[9] – N Queensland

References

Griffith W. (1844). "On the root parasites referred by authors to Rhizantheae and their allies". Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London 1: 216-221. page 221.
"Genus: Thismia Griff". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Area. Archived from the original on 2011-06-06. Retrieved 2010-05-09.
Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant families
McLennan, EI (1958). "Thismia rodwayi F. Muell. and its endophyte". Australian Journal of Botany. 6 (1): 25. doi:10.1071/BT9580025. ISSN 0067-1924.
Govaerts, R., Wilkin, P. & Saunders, R.M.K. (2007). World Checklist of Dioscoreales. Yams and their allies: 1-65. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Rodkin, Dennis (September 22, 1994). "Searching for Thismia". Chicago Reader. Retrieved May 26, 2014.
Chantanaorrapint, S. 2008. A new species of the genus Thismia (Thismiaceae) from Thailand is described and illustrated. Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants 53(3); 524-526 http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/blumea/2008/00000053/00000003/art00004
Hroneš, M.; Kobrlová, L.; Taraška, V.; Popelka, O.; Hédl, R.; Sukri, R. S.; Metali, F.; Dančák, M. (2015). "Thismia brunneomitra, another new species of Thismia (Thismiaceae) from Ulu Temburong, Brunei Darussalam". Phytotaxa. 234 (2): 172–178. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.234.2.7.
"Thismia". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government, Canberra. Retrieved 2010-05-09.
"[Botany • 2020] Thismia ornata & T. coronata (Thismiaceae) • Two New Species from Sarawak, Borneo".
Dančák, M.; Hroneš, M.; Sochor, M.; Kobrlová, L.; Hédl, R.; Hrázský, Z.; Vildomcová, A.; Sukri, R. S.; Metali, F. (2013). "A new species of Thismia (Thismiaceae) from Brunei Darussalam, Borneo". Phytotaxa. 125 (1): 33–39. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.397.862. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.125.1.5.
Mar, Shek Shing; Saunders, Richard (4 February 2015). "Thismia hongkongensis (Thismiaceae): a new mycoheterotrophic species from Hong Kong, China, with observations on floral visitors and seed dispersal". PhytoKeys (46): 21–33. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.46.8963. PMC 4391955. PMID 25878547.
Sochor, M.; Sukri, R.S.; Metali, F.; Dančák, M. (2017). "Thismia inconspicua (Thismiaceae), a new mycoheterotrophic species from Borneo". Phytotaxa. 295 (3): 263–270. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.295.3.7.
Thismia jianfenglingensis (Thismiaceae), a new species of fairy lantern from Hainan Island, China
Hunt, C.; Steenbeeke, G.; Merck, V. (2013). "Thismia megalongensis (Thismiaceae), a new species of Thismia from New South Wales". Telopea: 165–174. doi:10.7751/telopea20147809.
HIROKAZU, TSUKAYA; TSUKAYA HIROKAZU; TSUKAYA HIROKAZU; OKADA HIROSHI (2005). "Thismia mullerensis (Burmanniaceae), a New Species from Muller Range, Central Kalimantan". APG Act Phytotaxono Geobot. 56 (2): 129–133.
Kumar, P.; Gale, S.W.; Li, J.; Bouamanivong, S.; Fischer, G.A. (2017). "Thismia nigricoronata, a new species of Burmanniaceae (Thismieae, Dioscoreales) from Vang Vieng, Vientiane Province, Laos, and a key to subgeneric classification". Phytotaxa. 319 (3): 225–240. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.319.3.2.
Maas, H.; Maas, P. J. M. (1987). "A new Thismia (Burmanniaceae) from French Guiana. '". Brittonia. 39 (3): 376–378. doi:10.2307/2807137. JSTOR 2807137. S2CID 85337800.
Vaughan, Adam (10 July 2021). "Strange new fairy lantern plant is already critically endangered". New Scientist.
Sheng-Zehn Yang; Richard M. K. Saunders; Chung-Jou Hsu (July 2002). "Thismia taiwanensis sp. nov. (Burmanniaceae tribe Thismieae): First Record of the Tribe in China". Systematic Botany. 27 (3): 485–488. doi:10.1043/0363-6445-27.3.485 (inactive 31 October 2021). JSTOR 3093956.
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