Tetratheca

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Oxalidales

Familia: Elaeocarpaceae
Genus: Tetratheca
Species: T. affinis – T. angulata – T. aphylla – T. applanata – T. bauerifolia – T. butcheriana – T. chapmanii – T. ciliata – T. confertifolia – T. decora – T. deltoidea – T. efoliata – T. elliptica – T. ericifolia – T. erubescens – T. exasperata – T. fasciculata – T. filiformis – T. fordiana – T. glandulosa – T. gunnii – T. halmaturina – T. harperi – T. hirsuta – T. hispidissima – T. insularis – T. juncea – T. labillardierei – T. neglecta – T. nephelioides – T. nuda – T. parvifolia – T. paucifolia – T. paynterae – T. phoenix – T. pilata – T. pilifera – T. pilosa – T. plumosa – T. procumbens – T. pubescens – T. remota – T. retrorsa – T. rubioides – T. rupicola – T. setigera – T. shiressii – T. similis – T. spartea – T. spenceri – T. stenocarpa – T. subaphylla – T. thymifolia – T. virgata
Source(s) of checklist:

Hassler, M. 2020. Tetratheca. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2020. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Apr 12. Reference page.

Name

Tetratheca Sm., 1793.

Type species: Tetratheca juncea Sm.

References
Primary references

Smith, J.E. 1793-1795. A specimen of the botany of New Holland. Published and illustrated by James Sowerby. Reference page. : 5.

Links

Hassler, M. 2020. Tetratheca. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2020. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Apr 12. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Tetratheca in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Apr 12. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Tetratheca. Published online. Accessed: Apr 12 2020.
Tropicos.org 2020. Tetratheca. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Apr 12.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Tetratheca in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 09-Oct-10.

Vernacular names

Tetratheca is a genus of around 50 to 60 species of shrubs endemic to Australia. It is classified in the botanical family Elaeocarpaceae, now known to encompass the family Tremandraceae, which the genus originally belonged to. It occurs throughout extratropical Australia, and has been recorded in every mainland state except the Northern Territory.[1]
Origin and evolution

The origin of the genus is thought to be south-western Western Australia, radiating eastward. The distribution of Tetratheca is mainly across the temperate southern part of the continent. Most species are localised endemics and are highly disjunct from each other. Very few are widespread across Australia; none occurs in the Nullarbor Plain and only seven are found on both the western and the south-eastern sides.[2] (McPherson, 2008). The formation of the Nullarbor is thought to have created a barrier to dispersal between the east and west.[3]

It is estimated that the family Elaeocarpaceae is 120 million years old and Tetratheca estimated to be around 37 to 39 million years old, with major diversification over the Miocene and evolving much faster than their relatives, many of which are rainforest species. This coincides with the rapid radiation and diversification of other sclerophyllous groups.[4]
Species

Species include:[5]

Tetratheca affinis Endl.
Tetratheca aphylla F.Muell. - Bungalbin tetratheca
Tetratheca bauerifolia F.Muell. ex Schuch. - heath pink-bells
Tetratheca ciliata Lindl. - pink-bells
Tetratheca confertifolia Steetz
Tetratheca decora Joy Thomps.
Tetratheca deltoidea Joy Thomps.
Tetratheca efoliata F.Muell.
Tetratheca elliptica Joy Thomps.
Tetratheca ericifolia Sm.
Tetratheca erubescens J.P.Bull
Tetratheca exasperata R.Butcher
Tetratheca fasciculata Joy Thomps. - Cronin's tetratheca
Tetratheca filiformis Benth.
Tetratheca glandulosa Sm.
Tetratheca gunnii Hook.f. - shy susan
Tetratheca halmaturina J.M.Black - curly pink-bells
Tetratheca harperi F.Muell. - Jackson tetratheca
Tetratheca hirsuta Lindl. - black-eyed susan
Tetratheca hispidissima Steetz
Tetratheca insularis Joy Thomps.
Tetratheca juncea Sm.
Tetratheca labillardierei Joy Thomps.
Tetratheca neglecta Joy Thomps.
Tetratheca nephelioides R.Butcher
Tetratheca nuda Lindl.
Tetratheca parvifolia Joy Thomps.
Tetratheca paucifolia Joy Thomps.
Tetratheca paynterae Alford
Tetratheca phoenix R.Butcher
Tetratheca pilata R.Butcher
Tetratheca pilifera Lindl.
Tetratheca pilosa Labill. - hairy pink-bells
Tetratheca procumbens Hook.f. - mountain pink-bells
Tetratheca pubescens Turcz.
Tetratheca remota Joy Thomps.
Tetratheca retrorsa Joy Thomps.
Tetratheca rubioides A.Cunn.
Tetratheca rupicola Joy Thomps.
Tetratheca setigera Endl.
Tetratheca shiressii Blakely
Tetratheca similis Joy Thomps.
Tetratheca stenocarpa J.H.Willis - long pink-bells
Tetratheca subaphylla Benth. - leafless pink-bells
Tetratheca thymifolia Sm. - black-eyed susan, thyme pink-bells
Tetratheca virgata Steetz

References

Elliot, Rodger W.; Jones, David L.; Blake, Trevor (2010). Encyclopaedia of Australian Plants Suitable for Cultivation: Volume 9 – Sp-Z. Port Melbourne: Lothian Press. pp. 227, 233–34. ISBN 978-0-7344-0974-4.
McPherson, H (2008). Crayn, D., Gross, C., Rossetta, M. "Phylogentics and Evolutionary Dynamics of 'Tetratheca' (Elaeocarpaceae)". University of New England. hdl:1959.11/2609.
Thompson, Joy (10 December 1976). "A revision of the genus Tetratheca (Tremandraceae)". Telopea. 1 (3): 139–215. doi:10.7751/telopea19763301. ISSN 0312-9764.
Crayn, D.M; Rossetto, M; Maynard, D. J (2006). "Molecular phylogeny and dating reveals an Oligo-Miocene radiation of dry-adapted shrubs (former Tremandraceae) from rainforest tree progenitors (Elaeocarpaceae) in Australia". American Journal of Botany. 93 (9): 1328–42. doi:10.3732/ajb.93.9.1328. PMID 21642198.
"Tetratheca". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government, Canberra. Retrieved 14 September 2008.