Serapias lingua

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Orchidaceae
Subfamilia: Orchidoideae
Tribus: Orchideae
Subtribus: Orchidinae
Genus: Serapias
Species: Serapias lingua
Name

Serapias lingua L., Sp. Pl.: 950 (1753)

Type species:

Synonymy

Homotypic
Orchis lingua (L.) Scop., Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 2: 187 (1772)
Helleborine lingua (L.) Pers., Syn. Pl. 2: 512 (1807)
Serapiastrum lingua (L.) A.A.Eaton, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 21: 67 (1908)
Heterotypic
Serapias oxyglottis Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 71 (1805)
Helleborine oxyglottis (Willd.) Pers., Syn. Pl. 2: 512 (1807)
Serapias glabra Lapeyr., Hist. Pl. Pyrénées: 552 (1813)
Helleborine leucoglottis Steud., Nomencl. Bot.: 398 (1821)
Serapias oxyglottis var. pallescens Mutel, Fl. Franç. 3: 255 (1836)
Serapias lingua var. hirsuta Boiss., Voy. Bot. Espagne: 598 (1842)
Serapias laxiflora var. columnae Rchb.f. in H.G.L.Reichenbach, Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 13-14: t. 499 (1851)
Serapias brevibracteata St.-Lag., Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 134 (1880)
Serapias lingua var. leucantha J.A.Guim., Bol. Soc. Brot. 5: 53 (1887)
Serapias lingua var. longibracteata J.A.Guim., Bol. Soc. Brot. 5: 53 (1887)
Lonchitis oxyglottis (Willd.) Bubani, Fl. Pyren. 4: 52 (1901)
Serapias lingua f. abnormis Cortesi, Ann. Bot. (Rome) 1: 216 (1904)
Serapias lingua var. oxyglottis (Willd.) E.G.Camus, Bergon & A.Camus, Monogr. Orchid.: 54 (1908)
Serapias lingua f. pallidiflora E.G.Camus, Monogr. Orchid.: 54 (1908)
Serapias pseudocordigera var. pallescens (Mutel) E.G.Camus, Monogr. Orchid.: 51 (1908)
Serapias pallidiflora Lojac., Fl. Sicul. 3: 32 (1909)
Serapias lingua f. humilis A.Terracc., Boll. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1910: 27 (1910)
Serapias lingua f. nana E.G.Camus in E.G.Camus & A.A.Camus, Iconogr. Orchid. Europe 1: 3 (1921)
Serapias excavata Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 38 (1923)
Serapias columnae (Rchb.f.) H.Fleischm., Oesterr. Bot. Z. 75: 190 (1925)
Serapias lingua lusus kuemmerlei Soó, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9: 911 (1926)
Serapias lingua subsp. excavata (Schltr.) Soó, Bot. Arch. 23: 85 (1928)
Serapias lingua subsp. oxyglottis (Willd.) Soó, Bot. Arch. 23: 85 (1928)
Serapias lingua var. flavescens Balayer, Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 133: 280 (1986)
Serapias lingua var. rubescens Balayer, Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 133: 280 (1986)
Serapias lingua subsp. veneris Balayer, Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 133: 279 (1986)
Serapias lingua subsp. tunetana B.Baumann & H.Baumann, J. Eur. Orch. 37: 929 (2005)
Serapias lingua f. tunetana (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) P.Delforge, Naturalistes Belges 88: 248 (2007)
Serapias lingua lusus abnormis (Cortesi) F.M.Vázquez, Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 207 (2009)
Serapias lingua f. leucantha (J.A.Guim.) F.M.Vázquez, Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 208 (2009)
Serapias lingua f. minima F.M.Vázquez, Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 208 (2009)
Serapias lingua f. tenuis F.M.Vázquez, Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 208 (2009)

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Europe
Southwestern Europe
Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain.
Southeastern Europe
Albania, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Sicilia, Yugoslavia.
Africa
Northern Africa
Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia.
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
East Aegean Islands, Turkey.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum 2: 950.
Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.W. & Rasmussen, F.N. (eds.) 2001. Genera Orchidacearum Volume 2: Orchidoideae (Part one); page 364 ff., Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-850710-0

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2018. Serapias lingua in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 November 30. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2018. Serapias lingua in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 November 30. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2018. Serapias lingua. Published online. Accessed: 30 November 2018.
The Plant List 2013. Serapias lingua in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 November 30.
Tropicos.org 2018. Serapias lingua. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 November 30.

Vernacular names

Deutsch: Einschwieliger Zungenstendel
English: Tongue-orchid
español: Serapias en lengua
français: Sérapias petite langue
italiano: Serapide lingua
Nederlands: Gewone tongorchis

Serapias lingua, commonly known as tongue-orchid[3] or the tongue Serapias, is a species of orchid native to the Mediterranean.[4]
Habitat and distribution

Serapias lingua can be found in damp meadows and open fields of Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Yugoslavia, Albania, Greece and all the Mediterranean islands west of Crete and in western North Africa.
Flowering

Serapias lingua flowers in spring to early summer with 2.5 cm flowers and then they go dormant in mid and late summer.
References

Serapias lingua was originally described and published in Species Plantarum 949. 1753. "Name - Serapias lingua". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 7, 2013.
"TPL, treatment of Serapias lingua". The Plant List; Version 1. (published on the internet). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and the Missouri Botanical Garden. 2010. Retrieved March 7, 2013.
BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
"Serapias". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved March 7, 2013.