Satyrium

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Orchidaceae
Subfamilia: Orchidoideae
Tribus: Diseae
Subtribus: Satyriinae
Genus: Satyrium
Overview of species (90)

S. aberrans – S. aciculare – S. acuminatum – S. aethiopicum – S. afromontanum – S. amblyosaccos – S. amoenum – S. anomalum – S. baronii – S. bicallosum – S. bicorne – S. brachypetalum – S. bracteatum – S. breve – S. buchananii – S. candidum – S. carneum – S. carsonii – S. chlorocorys – S. compactum – S. comptum – S. confusum – S. coriifolium – S. coriophoroides – S. crassicaule – S. cristatum – S. ecalcaratum – S. elongatum – S. emarcidum – S. erectum – S. eurycalcaratum – S. fimbriatum – S. flavum – S. foliosum – S. hallackii – S. humile – S. jacottetiae – S. johnsonii – S. kermesinum – S. ketumbense – S. ligulatum – S. liltvedianum – S. longicauda – S. longicolle – S. lupulinum – S. macrophyllum – S. mechowii – S. membranaceum – S. microcorys – S. microrrhynchum – S. mirum – S. miserum – S. monadenum – S. monophyllum – S. muticum – S. neglectum – S. nepalense – S. odorum – S. oliganthum – S. orbiculare – S. outeniquense – S. pallens – S. paludosum – S. parviflorum – S. perrieri – S. princeae – S. princeps – S. pulchrum – S. pumilum – S. pygmaeum – S. retusum – S. rhodanthum – S. rhynchanthoides – S. rhynchanthum – S. riparium – S. robustum – S. rostratum – S. rupestre – S. sceptrum – S. schimperi – S. shirense – S. situsanguinum – S. sphaeranthum – S. sphaerocarpum – S. stenopetalum – S. striatum – S. trinerve – S. volkensii – S. welwitschii – S. yunnanense
Nothospecies: (2)

S. × fibeckii – S. × guthriei
Name

Satyrium Sw., Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 21: 214 (1800), nom. cons.

Type species: Satyrium bicorne (L.) Thunb., Prodr. Pl. Cap.: 6 (1794)

Synonymy

Homotypic
Diplecthrum Pers., Syn. Pl. 2: 508 (1807)
Hipporkis Thouars, Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 19: 317 (1809), nom. superfl.
Heterotypic
Aviceps Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 345 (1838)
Satyridium Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 345 (1838)

Homonym

Satyrium L., Sp. Pl.: 944 (1753), nom. rej. - vide: Dactylorhiza Neck. ex Nevski, Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 4: 332 (1937), nom. cons.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Africa
West Tropical Africa
Guinea, Nigeria, Sierre Leone.
West-Central Tropical Africa
Burundi, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Congo, Rwanda, Zaïre.
Northeast Tropical Africa
Ethiopia, Sudan.
East Tropical Africa
Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda.
South Tropical Africa
Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
Southern Africa
Cape Provinces, Lesotho, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Swaziland, Northern Provinces.
Western Indian Ocean
Comoros, Madagascar, Réunion.
Asia-Temperate
Arabian Peninsula
Yemen.
China
China South-Central, China Southeast, Tibet.
Asia-Tropical
Indian Subcontinent
Assam, East Himalaya, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, West Himalaya.
Indo-China
Myanmar, Thailand.

1819).jpg">1819)" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Satyrium_bicorne_%28as_Satyrium_cucullatum%29_-_Bot._Reg._5_pl._416_%281819%29.jpg/512px-Satyrium_bicorne_%28as_Satyrium_cucullatum%29_-_Bot._Reg._5_pl._416_%281819%29.jpg">

Satyrium bicorne (Typus)

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Swartz, O.P. 1800. Vetenskaps Academiens Nya Handlingar 21: 214.
Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.W. & Rasmussen, F.N. (eds.) 2001. Genera Orchidacearum Volume 2: Orchidoideae (Part one); page 50 ff., Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-850710-0

Links

'eFloras 2009. Satyrium in Flora of China vol. 25 Orchidaceae --> pdf Satyrium
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Satyrium in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 April 6. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Satyrium in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 April 6. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Satyrium. Published online. Accessed: 6 April 2020.
The Plant List 2013. Satyrium in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published online. Accessed: 2020 April 6.
Tropicos.org 2020. Satyrium. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 6 April 2020.

Vernacular names

العربية: ستيريون
перем коми: Сатириум
коми: Сатириум
lietuvių: Satyris
кырык мары: Сатириум
удмурт: Сатириум
中文: 鸟足兰属

Satyrium is a genus of orchid. The Kew plant list for 2010 listed 85 full species as accepted, ignoring synonyms, subspecies and hybrids etc. About ten were still unresolved at the time. Most of the species occur in sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar. The ranges of four species extend to Asia, mainly in India and Sri Lanka. Hybridization occurs between several species, complicating molecular phylogenetic studies, especially those relying on mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA sequences.[1]
Satyrium macrophyllum
Pencil and watercolour by Harry Blus

The genus most closely related to Satyrium is presumed to be Pachites, which together with Satyrium makes up the subtribe Satyriinae of the Diseae. Historically other species with helmet-shaped flowers e.g. Aceras, Chamorchis and Platanthera, often were included in the genus Satyrium, but far from belonging in the same genus, they no longer are included even within the Satyriinae, but within the tribe Orchideae. In a 2015 classification of Orchidaceae, Satyrium itself was placed in the subtribe Orchidinae.[2]
Currently accepted species of Satyrium

Satyrium aberrans Summerh.
Satyrium aciculare van der Niet & P.J.Cribb
Satyrium acuminatum Lindl.
Satyrium aethiopicum Summerh.
Satyrium afromontanum la Croix & P.J.Cribb
Satyrium amblyosaccos Schltr.
Satyrium amoenum (Thouars) A.Rich.
Satyrium anomalum Schltr.
Satyrium baronii Schltr.
Satyrium bicallosum Thunb.
Satyrium bicorne (L.) Thunb.
Satyrium brachypetalum A.Rich.
Satyrium bracteatum (L.f.) Thunb.
Satyrium breve Rolfe
Satyrium buchananii Schltr.
Satyrium candidum Lindl.
Satyrium carneum (Dryand.) Sims
Satyrium carsonii Rolfe
Satyrium chlorocorys Rchb.f. ex Rolfe
Satyrium compactum Summerh.
Satyrium comptum Summerh.
Satyrium confusum Summerh.
Satyrium coriifolium Sw.
Satyrium coriophoroides A.Rich.
Satyrium crassicaule Rendle
Satyrium cristatum Sond.
Satyrium ecalcaratum Schltr.
Satyrium elongatum Rolfe
Satyrium erectum Sw.
Satyrium fimbriatum Summerh.
Satyrium flavum la Croix
Satyrium foliosum Sw.
Satyrium hallackii Bolus
Satyrium humile Lindl.
Satyrium johnsonii Rolfe
Satyrium kermesinum Kraenzl.
Satyrium kitimboense Kraenzl.
Satyrium ligulatum Lindl.
Satyrium longicauda Lindl.
Satyrium longicolle Lindl.
Satyrium lupulinum Lindl.
Satyrium macrophyllum Lindl.
Satyrium mechowii Rchb.f.
Satyrium membranaceum Sw.
Satyrium microcorys Schltr.
Satyrium microrrhynchum Schltr.
Satyrium mirum Summerh.
Satyrium miserum Kraenzl.
Satyrium monadenum Schltr.
Satyrium monophyllum Kraenzl.
Satyrium muticum Lindl.
Satyrium neglectum Schltr.
Satyrium neilgherrensis Fyson
Satyrium nepalense D.Don
Satyrium odorum Sond.
Satyrium oliganthum Schltr.
Satyrium orbiculare Rolfe
Satyrium outeniquense Schltr.
Satyrium pallens S.D.Johnson & Kurzweil
Satyrium paludosum Rchb.f.
Satyrium parviflorum Sw.
Satyrium perrieri Schltr.
Satyrium princeae Kraenzl.
Satyrium princeps Bolus
Satyrium pulchrum S.D.Johnson & Kurzweil
Satyrium pumilum Thunb.
Satyrium pygmaeum Sond.
Satyrium retusum Lindl.
Satyrium rhynchanthoides Schltr.
Satyrium rhynchanthum Bolus
Satyrium riparium Rchb.f.
Satyrium robustum Schltr.
Satyrium rostratum Lindl.
Satyrium rupestre Schltr.
Satyrium sceptrum Schltr.
Satyrium schimperi Hochst. ex A.Rich.
Satyrium shirense Rolfe
Satyrium sphaeranthum Schltr.
Satyrium sphaerocarpum Lindl.
Satyrium stenopetalum Lindl.
Satyrium striatum Thunb.
Satyrium trinerve Lindl.
Satyrium volkensii Schltr.
Satyrium welwitschii Rchb.f.
Satyrium yunnanense Rolfe

References

Timotheüs van der Niet, and H. Peter Linder. 2008. "Dealing with incongruence in the quest for the species tree: A case study from the orchid genus Satyrium". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 47(1):154-174. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.12.008.
Chase, Mark W.; Cameron, Kenneth M.; Freudenstein, John V.; Pridgeon, Alec M.; Salazar, Gerardo; van den Berg, Cássio; Schuiteman, André (2015). "An updated classification of Orchidaceae". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 177 (2): 151–174. doi:10.1111/boj.12234. ISSN 0024-4074.