Potentilla erecta

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordoo: Rosales

Familia: Rosaceae
Subfamilia: Rosoideae
Tribus: Potentilleae
Subtribus: Potentillinae
Genus: Potentilla
Species: Potentilla erecta
Name

Potentilla erecta (L.) Raeusch.
Synonyms

Fragaria tormentilla Crantz
Potentilla dacica Borbás ex Zimmeter
Potentilla divergens Nyman
Potentilla divergens (Rchb.) Poeverl.
Potentilla erecta H.Karst.
Potentilla erecta Maiden
Potentilla erecta Malmberg
Potentilla erecta Uspenski ex Ledeb.
Potentilla erecta (L.) Hampe
Potentilla erecta (L.) Mela
Potentilla erecta var. dacica (Borbás ex Zimmeter) Gușul.
Potentilla erecta subsp. erecta
Potentilla erecta var. herminii (Ficalho) Cout.
Potentilla erecta f. sciaphila (Zimmeter) Beck
Potentilla favratii Zimmeter ex Favrat
Potentilla laeta Salisb.
Potentilla monacensis Woerl. ex Zimmeter
Potentilla officinalis Gray
Potentilla pubescens (Holler ex Woerl.) Poeverl.
Potentilla reducta (Rouy & E.G.Camus) A.W.Hill
Potentilla sciaphila Zimmeter
Potentilla sylvestris Neck.
Potentilla tetrapetala Haller f.
Potentilla tetraphylla Haller f.
Potentilla tormentilla Stokes
Potentilla tormentilla (Crantz) Neck.
Potentilla tormentilla var. dacica (Borbás ex Zimmeter) Th.Wolf
Potentilla tormentilla subsp. divergens (Rchb.) Nyman
Potentilla tormentilla var. erecta (L.) Hook.f.
Potentilla tormentilla var. herminii Ficalho
Potentilla tormentilla var. pubescens Holler ex Woerl.
Potentilla tormentilla var. sciaphila (Zimmeter) Th.Wolf
Potentilla tormentilla subsp. sylvestris Neck. ex Syme
Tormentilla adstringens Lindem.
Tormentilla alpina Opiz
Tormentilla dissecta Timb.-Lagr.
Tormentilla divergens Rchb.
Tormentilla erecta L.
Tormentilla ericetorum Timb.-Lagr.
Tormentilla gracilis Timb.-Lagr.
Tormentilla montana Schur
Tormentilla nodosa Schur
Tormentilla officinalis Curtis
Tormentilla officinarum Neck.
Tormentilla orophila Timb.-Lagr.
Tormentilla parviflora Wallr.
Tormentilla recta Schur
Tormentilla sessilifolia Stokes
Tormentilla sylvestris Neck. ex Bubani
Tormentilla tuberosa P.Renault
Tormentilla vulgaris Hill

References

Raeuschel, E. 1797.Nomenclator botanicus: 152.
International Plant Names Index. 2017. Potentilla erecta. Published online. Accessed: Oct. 01 2017.
Hassler, M. 2017. Potentilla erecta. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2017. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2017 Oct. 01. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2017. Potentilla erecta. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: O1 Oct. 2017.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Potentilla erecta in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 28-Oct-07.

Vernacular names
العربية: عرق إنجبار
azərbaycanca: Düzqalxan qaytarma
башҡортса: Ҡалған үләне
български: Бутурак
català: Tormentil·la
čeština: Mochna nátržník
Cymraeg: Tresgl y moch
dansk: Tormentil
Deutsch: Blutwurz
English: Tormentil
español: Tormentila
eesti: Tedremaran
suomi: Rätvänä
français: Tormentille
hornjoserbsce: Lěsny porstnik
magyar: Vérontó pimpó
Ido: Tormentilo
íslenska: Engjamura
italiano: Cinquefoglia tormentilla
қазақша: Түзу қазтабан
Limburgs: Krampkroed
lietuvių: Miškinė sidabražolė
norsk bokmål: Tepperot
Nederlands: Tormentil
norsk nynorsk: Tepperot
norsk: Tepperot
polski: Pięciornik kurze ziele
русский: Лапчатка прямостоячая
srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: Srčenjak
slovenčina: Nátržník vzpriamený
slovenščina: Srčna moč
српски / srpski: Срчењак
svenska: Blodrot
українська: Перстач прямостоячий
vepsän kel’: Kohtaiduzjur'

Potentilla erecta (syn. Tormentilla erecta, Potentilla laeta, Potentilla tormentilla, known as the (common) tormentil, septfoil[1] or erect cinquefoil[2] ) is a herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the rose family (Rosaceae).

Description

Potentilla erecta is a low, clump-forming plant with slender, procumbent to arcuately upright stalks, growing 10–30 centimetres (3.9–11.8 in) tall and with non-rooting runners. It grows wild predominantly in Europe and western Asia[1], mostly on acid soils and in a wide variety of habitats such as mountains, heaths, meadows, sandy soils and dunes.[3]

This plant flowers from May to August/September. There is one yellow, 7–11 millimetres (0.28–0.43 in) wide flower, growing at the tip of a long stalk. There are almost always four notched petals, each between 3 and 6 mm long. Four petals are rather uncommon in the rose family. The petals are somewhat longer than the sepals. There are 20–25 stamens.

The radical leaves have a long petiole, whilst the leaves on the flowering stalks are usually sessile or with short petioles. The glossy leaves are alternate, ternate, consisting of three obovate leaflets with serrated margins. The paired stipules are leaflike and palmately lobed.

There are 2–8 dry, inedible fruits.
Rhizome of Potentilla erecta
Distribution
Europe

Potentilla erecta is found wild throughout Europe, Scandinavia and West Asia.[4]

Potentilla erecta is almost ubiquitous in the British Isles, recorded in almost all 10 km squares except close to the Wash.[2] and is listed as a species of least concern.[5] It is very common in grasslands, heaths, moors and mountains, bogs including roadsides and pastures, mostly on acidic soils[3] but avoiding chalk.[6] It is a component of British National Vegetation Classification community M25 (Molinia caerulea–Potentilla erecta mire).
North America

In North America Potentilla erecta is found in the east as an introduced species.
Uses

The rhizomatous root is thick. It has little value for food use because of its bitterness and low caloric value. The roots are a main ingredient of a bitter liqueur from Bavaria and the Black Forest area, called Blutwurz.[7] It is also used in Ukraine along with honey in Horilka.[8] The plant is used in herbal medicine as an astringent because of its tannin content, which is unusually high for a herbaceous plant. Structurally-related phlobaphenes, used as a red dye for leather known as tormentil red, can be extracted from the root of the common tormentil along with the triterpene alcohol tormentiol.[9] Aqueous extracts of the rhizomes are reported to have low toxicity in rats and mice.[10]
References

Septfoil - definition of Septfoil by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia
"Potentilla erecta". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 13 October 2015.
Stace, C. A. (2010). New Flora of the British Isles, 3rd edition. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. p. 256. ISBN 9780521707725.
Arne Anderberg (2005). "Den Virtuella Floran: Blodrot, Potentilla erecta (L.) Räusch". Retrieved 13 November 2019.
Cheffings, C.; Farrell, L. (2005). "The Vascular plant red data list for Great Britain". p. 82.
Rose, F. (2006). The Wild Flower Key. London: Penguin. pp. 258–259. ISBN 978-0723251750.
"Blutwurz". Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Ernährung, Landwirtschaft und Forsten. Archived from the original on July 26, 2011. Retrieved June 4, 2011.
Ackland, Tony. "Ukrainian Alcoholic Beverages". Home Distillation of Alcohol. homedistiller.org. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
Lund, K. and Rimpler, H. (1985). "Tormentillwurzel". Deutsche Apotheke Zeitung. 125 (3): 105–107.
Shushunov S, Balashov L; Kravtsova A; Krasnogorsky I; Latté KP; Vasiliev A (October 2009). "Determination of acute toxicity of the aqueous extract of Potentilla erecta (Tormentil) rhizomes in rats and mice". J Med Food. Journal of Medical Food. 12 (5): 1173–6. doi:10.1089/jmf.2008.0281. PMID 19857087.