Phoebe

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Magnoliids
Ordo: Laurales

Familia: Lauraceae
Tribus: Cinnamomeae
Genus: Phoebe
Species: P. angustifolia – P. attenuata – P. benthamiana – P. bournei – P. brachythyrsa – P. breedlovei – P. calcarea – P. canescens – P. cathia – P. chartacea – P. chekiangensis – P. chiapensis – P. chinensis – P. crassipedicella – P. faberi – P. falcata – P. formosana – P. fruticosa – P. glaucifolia – P. glaucophylla – P. grandis – P. hainanensis – P. hui – P. hunanensis – P. hungmoensis – P. kwangsiensis – P. lanceolata – P. legendrei – P. lichuanensis – P. ligustrina – P. macrocarpa – P. macrophylla – P. megacalyx – P. mollis – P. motuonan – P. neurantha – P. neuranthoides – P. nigrifolia – P. paniculata – P. pubescens – P. puwenensis – P. riedelii – P. rufescens – P. sheareri – P. sterculioides – P. tavoyana – P. tetragona – P. trinervis – P. yaiensis – P. yunnanensis – P. zhennan
Name

Phoebe Nees Syst. Laur. 98. (1836)

Type species: Cinnamomum tomentosum D.Don Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 66 (1825) − designated by Pfeiff., Nomencl. Bot. 2(1): 681. 1873. vide Phoebe cathia (D.Don) Kosterm., Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc. 25(3-4): 44. (1975)

Notice: The formerly designated type, P. lanceolata Nees (vide Kostermans, J. Sci. Res. (Jakarta) 1: 122. September 1952), is nomenclaturally inadmissible and superfluous.
References

Nees von Esenbeck, C.G.D. 1836. Systema Laurinarum. Berolini: Sumptibus Veitii et Sociorum. 720pp. BHL Reference page.
'eFloras 2008. Phoebe (Lauraceae) in Flora of China. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Phoebe in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Sept. 25. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2016. Phoebe. Published online. Accessed: Oct. 3 2016.
Li, L., Li, J., Rohwer, J.G., van der Werff, H., Wang, Z.H. & Li, H.W., 2011. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of the Persea group (Lauraceae) and its biogeographic implications on the evolution of tropical and subtropical Amphi-Pacific disjunctions. American Journal of Botany 98(9: 1520–1536. DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1100006 Full text PDF Reference page.
Rohwer, J.G., Li, J., Rudolph, B., Schmidt, S.A., van der Werff, H. & Li, H.W. 2009. Is Persea (Lauraceae) monophyletic? Evidence from nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences. Taxon 58(4): 1153-1167. Full text PDF from ResearchGate Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2016. Phoebe. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2016 Oct. 2.

Phoebe is a genus of evergreen trees and shrubs belonging to the Laurel family, Lauraceae. There are approximately 100 species in the genus, distributed in tropical and subtropical Asia and neotropical America. 35 species occur in China.[1] The first description of the genus was of the type species P. lanceolata made in 1836 by Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck in Systema Laurinarum, p. 98.

Description

Phoebe species are evergreen shrubs or trees with pinnately veined leaves. The flowers are hermaphrodite, white, small and fragrant, and are grouped in branched terminal inflorescences in the form of panicles. The bracts are all of equal length or the outer ones are slightly shorter than the inner ones. The ovary is oval to spherical. The stigma is capitate or bowl-shaped. The fruits are enveloped by the enlarged bracts. Fruits are usually oval to spherical. The fruit is a berry and has only a single seed that is frequently dispersed by birds.
Distribution

100 species of Phoebe are currently reported in Asia, with 27 species endemic to China.[1]
Ecology

The fruits of the genus are fleshy berries.
Species

Phoebe angustifolia
Phoebe bournei
Phoebe brachythyrsa
Phoebe chekiangensis
Phoebe cinnamomifolia
Phoebe chinensis
Phoebe cooperiana[2]
Phoebe faberi
Phoebe formosana
Phoebe forrestii
Phoebe glaucophylla
Phoebe hainanensis
Phoebe hainesiana
Phoebe hui
Phoebe hunanensis
Phoebe hungmaoensis
Phoebe kwangsiensis
Phoebe lanceolata
Phoebe legendrei
Phoebe lichuanensis
Phoebe macrocarpa
Phoebe megacalyx
Phoebe microphylla
Phoebe minutiflora
Phoebe motuonan
Phoebe nanmu
Phoebe neurantha
Phoebe neuranthoides
Phoebe nigrifolia
Phoebe pandurata
Phoebe poilanei
Phoebe puwenensis
Phoebe rufescens
Phoebe scortechinii
Phoebe sheareri
Phoebe tavoyana
Phoebe yaiensis
Phoebe yunnanensis
Phoebe zhennan

Fossil record

Several fossil cupules, some with fruits inside of †Phoebe bohemica from the early Miocene, have been found at the Kristina Mine at Hrádek nad Nisou in North Bohemia, the Czech Republic.[3]
References

Fa-Nan Wei & Henk van der Werff. "Phoebe". Flora of China. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
"Phoebe cooperiana P. C. Kanj. & Das | Species". Indiabiodiversity.org. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
A review of the early Miocene Mastixioid flora of the Kristina Mine at Hrádek nad Nisou in North Bohemia, The Czech Republic, January 2012 by F. Holý, Z. Kvaček and Vasilis Teodoridis - ACTA MUSEI NATIONALIS PRAGAE Series B – Historia Naturalis • vol. 68 • 2012 • no. 3–4 • pp. 53–118