Oxybasis

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Ordo: Caryophyllales

Familia: Amaranthaceae s.l.
Cladus: Chenopodiaceae s.str.
Subfamilia: Chenopodioideae
Tribus: Chenopodieae
Genus: Oxybasis

Sectiones: O. sect. Glaucae – O. sect. Oxybasis – O. sect. Pseudoblitum – O. sect. Thellungia – O. sect. Urbicae

Species: O. ambigua – O. amurensis – O. chenopodioides – O. glauca – O. gubanovii – O. macrosperma – O. mexicana – O. micrantha – O. parodii – O. rubra – O. urbica

Hybrids: O. × schulzeana

Names in synonymy: O. antarctica – O. erosa – O. minutiflora
Name

Oxybasis Kar. & Kir., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 14: 738. (1841)

Type: Oxybasis minutiflora Kar. & Kir. (= Oxybasis chenopodioides)

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Chenopodium subg. Pseudoblitum Gren. & Godr., Fl. France 3: 22. (1855)
Blitum subg. Pseudoblitum (Gren. & Godr.) Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 571. (1866)
Chenopodium sect. Pseudoblitum (Gren. & Godr.) Syme, in Sowerby, Engl. Bot., ed. 3, 8: 20. (1868)
Type: Chenopodium rubrum L. (Blitum rubrum (L.) Rchb.) (designated by Mosyakin in Ukrayins’k. Bot. Zhurn. 50(6): 74. 1993)
Chenopodium [unranked] Rubra Standl., in N. Amer. Fl. 21: 29. (1916)
Type: Chenopodium rubrum L.
Chenopodium [unranked] Glauca Standl., in N. Amer. Fl. 21: 28. (1916)
Chenopodium subsect. Glauca (Standl.) A.J. Scott, in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 100: 216. (1978)
Chenopodium sect. Glauca (Standl.) Ignatov, Sosud. Rast. Sovet. Dal’nego Vostoka 3: 22. (1988)
Type: Chenopodium glaucum L.
Chenopodium [unranked] Urbica Standl., N. Amer. Fl. 21: 11. (1916)
Chenopodium sect. Urbica (Standl.) Mosyakin, in Ukrayins’k. Bot. Zhurn. 59: 700. (2002)
Type: Chenopodium urbicum L.
Chenopodium sect. Degenia Aellen, in Magyar Bot. Lapok 25: 56. (1927)
Lectotype: Chenopodium macrospermum Hook. f. (designated by Wilson in Fl. Australia 4: 137. 1983)

References
Primary references

Karelin, G.S. & Kirrilov, I.P. 1841. Enumeration plantarum anno 1840 in regionibus altaicis et confinibus collectarum. Bulletin de la Société Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou 14: 369–459, 703–870. BHL Reference page. : 738–739

Additional references

Mosyakin, S.L. & de Lange, P.J. 2018. New combinations for three taxa of the Oxybasis glauca aggregate (Chenopodiaceae) from Australasia, East Asia and South America. Phytotaxa 350(3): 259–273. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.350.3.5 Reference page.
Fuentes-Bazan, S., Uotila, P. & Borsch, T. 2012. A novel phylogeny-based generic classification for Chenopodium sensu lato, and a tribal rearrangement of Chenopodioideae (Chenopodiaceae). Willdenowia 42(1): 5–24. DOI: 10.3372/wi42.42101 Full text PDF Reference page.
Mosyakin, S.L. 2013. New nomenclatural combinations in Blitum, Oxybasis, Chenopodiastrum, and Lipandra (Chenopodiaceae). Phytoneuron 2013-56: 1–8. (PDF) Reference page.
Sukhorukov, A.P., Uotila, P., Zhang, M.-L., Zhang, H.-X., Speranskaya, A.S. & Krinitsyna, A.A. 2013. New combinations in Asiatic Oxybasis (Amaranthaceae s.l.): evidence from morphological, carpological and molecular data. Phytotaxa 144(1): 1–12. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.144.1.1 Reference page.

Links

Hassler, M. 2018. Oxybasis. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2018. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 July 10. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2018. Oxybasis. Published online. Accessed: July 10 2018.
Tropicos.org 2016. Oxybasis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 29 Feb. 2016.
The Plant List 2013. Oxybasis in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2016 Feb. 29.

Oxybasis is a flowering plant genus from the subfamily Chenopodioideae of the family Amaranthaceae. It was first described in 1841, and newly used since 2012 for five species that were traditionally grouped into genus Chenopodium.[1] They occur in Europe, Asia, North Africa and America.[2]

Description

According to Fuentes-Bazan et al. (2012), the species in genus Oxybasis are non-aromatic annual herbs. Their stems grow erect to ascending or prostrate and are branched with usually alternate, basally sometimes nearly opposite branches. The alternate leaves consist of a petiole and a simple blade. The leaf blade is thickish oder slightly fleshy, and may be triangular, triangular to narrowly triangular, hastate, rhombic, or lanceolate, with entire to dentate margins.

The axillary and terminal inflorescences consist of spicately or sometimes paniculately arranged compact glomerules of flowers, ebracteate or in the axils of leaf-like bracts. Usually there a two types of flowers: The terminal flowers are bisexual, with 3-5 nearly free perianth segments, 1 (-5) stamens and an ovary with 2 (-3) stigmas. The lateral flowers are usually female, with 3 (-4) variously connate perianth segments, missing (-1) stamens and 2 stigmas.

The fruit has a membranous pericarp, which is free or loosely attached to the seed. The oval to orbicular seeds are horizontally orientated in terminal flowers, but vertically or horizontally in lateral flowers. The brownish or black seed coat can be almost smooth, finely reticulate, or minutely pitted.
Systematics

The genus Oxybasis was first described in 1841 by Grigori Silytsch Karelin and Ivan Petrovich Kirilov (In: Enumeration plantarum anno 1840 in regionibus altaicis et confinibus collectarum. In: Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou 14: p. 738–739).[3] At this time, the only species of the genus was Oxybasis minutiflora Kar. & Kir., which was later considered to be identical with Chenopodium chenopodioides.

After phylogenetic research, Suzy Fuentes-Bazan, Pertti Uotila and Thomas Borsch separated the Chenopodium rubrum-Clade from genus Chenopodium, that would otherwise have been polyphyletic. They used the genus name Oxybasis as the oldest name on genus level for this group.[1] The genus Oxybasis belongs to the same tribe as Chenopodium, Tribus Atripliceae.[1]

According to Fuentes-Bazan et al. (2012), the genus Oxybasis consists of 5 species:[1]

Oxybasis chenopodioides (L.) S. Fuentes, Uotila & Borsch (Syn. Chenopodium chenopodioides (L.) Aellen), small red Goosefoot, saltmarsh goosefoot: in Europe, North Africa and Asia, naturalized in North America and South America.[4]
Oxybasis glauca (L.) S. Fuentes, Uotila & Borsch (Syn. Chenopodium glaucum L.), Oak-leaved goosefoot: in Europe, Asia and North America.[5]
Oxybasis macrosperma (Hook. f.) S. Fuentes, Uotila & Borsch (Syn. Chenopodium macrospermum Hook. f.): in South America and on Falkland Islands.[6]
Oxybasis rubra (L.) S. Fuentes, Uotila & Borsch (Syn. Chenopodium rubrum L.), red goosefoot, coastblite goosefoot: in Europa, temperate Asia, and North America, naturalized elsewhere.[7]
Oxybasis urbica (L.) S. Fuentes, Uotila & Borsch (Syn. Chenopodium urbicum L.), upright goosefoot: in Europa and Asia, naturalized in North America.[8]

References

Fuentes-Bazan, Susy; Uotila, Pertti; Borsch, Thomas (2012). "A novel phylogeny-based generic classification for Chenopodium sensu lato, and a tribal rearrangement of Chenopodioideae (Chenopodiaceae)". Willdenowia - Annals of the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem. 42 (1): 5–24. doi:10.3372/wi42.42101. ISSN 0511-9618.
Oxybasis Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) online database. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
Oxybasis first description at BHL
"Oxybasis chenopodioides". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 10 July 2013.
"Oxybasis glauca". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 10 July 2013.
"Oxybasis macrosperma". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 10 July 2013.
"Oxybasis rubra". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 10 July 2013.
Pertti Uotila: Chenopodium urbicum. In: Karl Heinz Rechinger et al. (Hrsg.): Flora Iranica, Vol. 172 - Chenopodiaceae. Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, 1997, ISBN 3-201-00728-5, p. 36–37.