Millettia

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Fabales

Familia: Fabaceae
Subfamilia: Faboideae
Tribus: Millettieae
Genus: Millettia
Species:
Top · a · b · c · d · e · f · g · h · i · j · k · l · m · n · o · p · q · r · s · t · u · v · w · x · y · z
a

M. aboensis – M. achtenii – M. acuticarinata – M. acutiflora – M. ahernii – M. angustidentata – M. angustistipellata – M. aromatica – M. aurea – M. austroyunnanensis
b

M. barteri – M. bassacensis – M. bequaertii – M. bipindensis – M. boniana – M. borneensis – M. brachycarpa – M. brandisiana – M. bussei – M. buteoides
c

M. cabrae – M. caerulea – M. cana – M. capuronii – M. caudata – M. chrysamaryssa – M. chrysophylla – M. comosa – M. conraui – M. coruscans – M. cubittii
d

M. decipiens – M. dinklagei – M. diptera – M. discolor – M. drastica – M. dubia – M. duchesnei – M. dura
e

M. ebenifera – M. eberhardtii – M. eetveldeana – M. elongatistyla – M. elskensii – M. entadoides – M. eriocarpa – M. erythrocalyx – M. exauriculata – M. extensa
f

M. fallax – M. ferruginea – M. fruticosa – M. fulgens
g

M. galliflagrans – M. geerinckiana – M. glabra – M. glaucescens – M. goossensii – M. gracilis – M. grandis – M. griffithii – M. griffoniana
h

M. harmandii – M. harmsiana – M. hedraeantha – M. hitsika – M. hockii – M. hylobia – M. hypolampra
i

M. ichthyochtona – M. impressa – M. irvinei
k

M. kangensis – M. kennedyi – M. kerrii – M. klainei
l

M. lacus-alberti – M. lane-poolei – M. lantsangensis – M. laotica – M. lasiantha – M. lastoursvillensis – M. latifolia – M. laurentii – M. lebrunii – M. lecomtei – M. lenneoides – M. leonensis – M. letestui – M. leucantha – M. liberica – M. limbutuensis – M. longipes – M. lucens – M. lucida – M. lundensis
m

M. macrophylla – M. macrostachya – M. macroura – M. makondensis – M. mannii – M. melanocarpa – M. merrillii – M. micans – M. mildbraedii – M. mossambicensis
n

M. nana – M. nathaliae – M. nepalensis – M. nigrescens – M. nudiflora – M. nutans – M. nyangensis
o

M. oblata – M. oraria – M. orientalis – M. ovalifolia – M. oyemensis
p

M. pachycarpa – M. pallens – M. paucijuga – M. peguensis – M. penicillata – M. pierrei – M. pilosa – M. piscidia – M. platyphylla – M. podocarpa – M. principis – M. pseudoracemosa – M. psilopetala – M. pterocarpa – M. pubinervis – M. puerarioides – M. puguensis – M. pulchra
r

M. rhodantha – M. richardiana – M. rigens – M. ripicola – M. rubiginosa
s

M. sacleuxii – M. sanagana – M. sapindifolia – M. sapinii – M. schliebenii – M. semseii – M. sericantha – M. sericea – M. setigera – M. solomonensis – M. soyauxii – M. spireana – M. splendens – M. stenopetala – M. stipellatissima – M. stipulata – M. stuhlmannii – M. subpalmata –
t

M. takou – M. tanaensis – M. taolanaroensis – M. tenuipes – M. tessmannii – M. tetraptera – M. theuszii – M. thollonii – M. thonneri – M. thonningii – M. trifoliata
u

M. ulbrichiana – M. urophylloides – M. usaramensis – M. utilis
v

M. vankerckhovenii – M. vatkei – M. velutina – M. velvetina – M. venusta – M. verruculosa – M. versicolor – M. viridiflora
w

M. warneckei – M. weizhii – M. wellensii – M. wieringae – M. wrightiana
X

M. xylocarpa
z

M. zechiana
Source(s) of checklist:

Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Millettia in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Mar 06. Reference page.

Name

Millettia Wight & Arn., 1834

Type species: Millettia rubiginosa Wight & Arn.

Homonyms

Millettia

Synonyms

Berrebera Hochst.
Galedupa Lam.
Neodunnia R.Vig.
Otosema Benth.
Pungamia Lam.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Africa & Asia
Angola, Assam, Bangladesh, Benin, Borneo, Burundi, Cabinda, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Provinces, Central African Repu, China South-Central, China Southeast, Congo, East Himalaya, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Hainan, India, Ivory Coast, Jawa, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Laos, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaya, Maluku, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Pakistan, Philippines, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Is., Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sumatera, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Tibet, Togo, Uganda, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References
Primary references

Wight, R. & Walker-Arnott, G.A. 1834. Prodromus Florae Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis: containing abridged descriptions of the plants found in the peninsula of British India, arranged according to the natural system. Vol. I. XXXVII+480 pp. Parbury, Allen, & Co., London. BHL Reference page. : 263

Additional references

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Millettia in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Mar 06. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2021. Millettia. Published online. Accessed: Mar 06 2021.
Tropicos.org 2021. Millettia. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Mar 06.
Hassler, M. 2021. Millettia. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Mar 06. Reference page.

Vernacular names
suomi: Millettiat
日本語: ミレシア属
polski: Miletia
русский: Миллетия
ไทย: สกุลจั่น
Tiếng Việt: Chi Thàn mát
中文: 崖豆藤属

Millettia is a genus of legume in the family Fabaceae. It consists of about 150 species, which are distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The genus was formerly known by the name Pongamia, but that name was rejected in favor of the name Millettia, and many species have been reclassified.[3] Due to recent interest in biofuels, Pongamia is often the generic name used when referring to Millettia pinnata, a tree being explored for producing biodiesel.[4]

Description

In 1834, in Prodromus Florae Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis Robert Wight and George Arnott Walker-Arnott describe Millettia as:

Calyx cup-shaped, lobed or slightly toothed. Corolla papilionaceous: vexillum recurved, broad, emarginate, glabrous or silky on the back. Stamens diadelphous (9 and 1), the tenth quite distinct. Legume flat, elliptic or lanceolate, pointed, coriaceous, thick margined, wingless indehiscent, 1-2 seeded: valves closely cohering with each other all round the seeds and between them. Twining or arboreous. Leaves very large, unequally pinnated: leaflets opposite, with a setaceous partial stipule at the base of each partial petiole. Racemes axillary, more or less branched and compound. Flowers pretty large, purplish, pedicelled on shortish diverging partial peduncles.[5]

Etymology

Long known to residents of the Indies, China, and Africa, this species has had many traditional names. One of the oldest references in traditional Chinese medicine is in Bencao Gangmu Shiyi ("Supplement to Compendium of Materia Medica") where is called jixueteng. The Chinese name literally translates to "stem of chicken's blood" which refers to the red resin present in the stems of several climbing legume shrubs.[6]

In the 1820s-1830s Charles Millett, a plant collector and an official with the East India Company, collected many samples of Millettia while living in Canton and Macao. He sent them to the University of Glasgow's Botanical Garden. In 1834, Robert Wight and George Arnott Walker-Arnott, both Scottish botanists, published Prodromus Florae Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis where the genus Millettia is first mentioned. The authors named the genus after Charles Millett, incorrectly referring to him as Dr. Charles Millett.[5] Charles Millett of the East India Company has often been confused with Charles Millet, a French ichthyologist, who was active around the same time.[7] In addition J. A. Millet, a French botanist from the 18th century, is often misattributed as the source.[8]

Robert Sweet states that the genus Pongamia comes from the Malabar region in India and is derived from the local word Pongam (most likely from the Malayalam language).[9] Pongamia had often been misattributed to Vent. (1803), but it was preceded by "Pongam Adans. (1763)", "Galedupa Lam. (1788)", and "Pungamia Lam. (1796)" and in accordance with the 1994 Tokyo Code of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, the correct citation was established as "Pongamia Adans. (1763)".[10] In 1981 a proposal to conserve the genus Millettia and reject the genus Pongamia was proposed in the journal Taxon and was ratified in 1988.[3]
Uses

The species Millettia pinnata has been investigated for use as biofuel.[11]
Species formerly in the genus

Pongamia ovalifolia is a synonym for Millettia peguensis
Pongamia pinnata or Pongamia glabra are synonyms for Millettia pinnata
Pongamia uliginosa is a synonym for Derris trifoliata[12]

Species
Main article: List of Millettia species

Selected species include:

Millettia aurea
Millettia australis - Samson's sinew (Norfolk Island)
Millettia brandisiana
Millettia bussei
Millettia capuronii
Millettia conraui
Millettia decipiens
Millettia diptera Gagnep.
Millettia duchesnei
Millettia elongistyla
Millettia eriocarpa
Millettia galliflagrans
Millettia grandis – Umzimbeet
Millettia hitsika
Millettia lacus-alberti
Millettia laurentii – Wengé
Millettia leucantha
Millettia macrophylla
Millettia micans
Millettia mossambicensis
Millettia nathaliae
Millettia nigrescens Gagnep.
Millettia nitida
Millettia orientalis
Millettia pachycarpa
Millettia peguensis
Millettia pinnata
Millettia psilopetela
Millettia pterocarpa
Millettia pubinervis Kurz
Millettia puerarioides Prain
Millettia richardiana
Millettia rhodantha
Millettia sacleuxii
Millettia schliebenii
Millettia semsei
Millettia sericantha
Millettia stuhlmannii – Panga panga
Millettia sutherlandii
Millettia taolanaroensis
Millettia thonningii
Millettia unifoliata
Millettia usaramensis – Lesser millettia
Millettia utilis
Millettia warneckei

References

PlantList search for millettia. Retrieved 20210327.

"Millettia Wight & Arn.". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2021-08-31.
Millettia Wight & Arn. Archived 2010-05-29 at the Wayback Machine, Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)
Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History - Proposal No. 549
"Pongamia Factsheet" (PDF). Retrieved 2013-10-02.
Wight, Robert; Arnott, George Arnott Walker (1834). Prodromus Florae Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis: Containing Abridged Descriptions of the Plants Found in the Peninsula of British India, Arranged According to the Natural System, Volume 1. p. 263.
Subhuti Dharmananda. "MILLETTIA (jixueteng)".
M. Charters. "The Eponym Dictionary of Southern African Plants — Plant Names L-O".
Sue Eland. "Galedupa - Plant Biographies" (PDF).
Sweet, Robert (1839). Sweet's Hortus Britannicus: Or, A Catalogue of All the Plants Indigenous Or Cultivated in the Gardens of Great Britain, Arranged According to the Natural System, with the Generic and Specific Names, English Names, Accentuation, Derivation of Generic Names (3rd ed.). p. 193.
Plant Name Details - Leguminosae Pongamia Vent.
Scott, Paul T.; Pregelj, Lisette; Chen, Ning; Hadler, Johanna S.; Djordjevic, Michael A.; Gresshoff, Peter M. (2008), "Pongamia pinnata: an Untapped Resource for the Biofuels Industry of the Future", BioEnergy Research, 1: 2–11, doi:10.1007/s12155-008-9003-0, S2CID 37994181
Ibáñez, M. D.; Martínez, M; Sánchez, J. J.; Fernández-Caldas, E (2003). "Reactividad cruzada de las legumbres" [Legume cross-reactivity]. Allergologia et Immunopathologia (in Spanish). 31 (3): 151–61. doi:10.1016/S0301-0546(03)79283-0. PMID 12783766.