Lilium ledebourii

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Liliales

Familia: Liliaceae
Subfamilia: Lilioideae
Genus: Lilium
Sectio: L. sect. Liriotypus
Species: Lilium ledebourii
Name

Lilium ledebourii (Baker) Boiss., 1882
Synonyms

Basionym
Lilium monadelphum var. ledebourii Baker, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 246 (1875).

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Asia-Temperate
Regional: Western Asia
Iran
Regional: Caucasus
Transcaucasus

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Boissier, P.E. 1882. Flora Orientalis sive enumeratio plantarum in Oriente a Graecia et Aegypto and Indiae fines hucusque observatarum. Volumen quintum. Fasciculus primus. Monocotyledoneae, Gymnospermae, Acotyledoneae vasculares. Pp. 1–428. Genevae, Basileae & Lugduni: H. Georg. BHL Biblioteca Digital Reference page. : 5: 175

Additional references

Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) 2006. Konspekt flory Kavkaza. Caucasian Flora Conspectus. Volume II [Liliospida]. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae. 466 pp. ISBN 5-288-04040-0. DJVU Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Lilium ledebourii in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 July 31. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2022. Lilium ledebourii. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2022. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2022 July 31. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2022. Lilium ledebourii. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 31 July 2022.
International Plant Names Index. 2022. Lilium ledebourii. Published online. Accessed: July 31 2022.

Vernacular names

Lilium ledebourii (Persian: سوسن چلچراغ, Sousan-e Chehel Cheraagh; Azerbaijani: Ledebur zanbağı) is a rare Asian species of plants in the lily family.[2] It was named for German-Estonian botanist Carl Friedrich von Ledebour (1786-1851). Its native range is the Talish region of Azerbaijan, and Damasch in the Amarlu region of Iran.[1][3][4][5][6][7]

Lilium ledebourii flowers from the middle of May until the end of May. The Damasch region is protected by the Department of Environment of Iran. The flower is called Sousan-e Chehel Cheraagh in Iran and the local area and its appearance is one of the most striking features in the area at the time of blooming.

Description

Lilium ledebourii is a persistent herbaceous plant that grows 50–150 centimeters tall. The yellow bulbs are oval and reach a diameter of 5–7 centimeters; they are highly segmented, and the scales are lance-shaped.

The stem is strong and straight. The leaves stand upright, and have fine hairs on the edge; their shape is linear to lance-shaped. They are 10–14 centimeters long, and 1–2 centimeters wide.

The monoecious plant blooms in June and July with a panicle of one to fifteen fragrant flowers. The flowers are actinomorphic and attached on up to 13-centimeter-long petioles. The bracts are lanceolate, and blue at the top. The six tepals are strongly reflexed and form a tiara of 4–6 cm in diameter. The basic color of the flower is white, turning green towards the base and purple towards the tepal-tips. The filaments are green, and the pollen bright red. The seed capsule, which has the shape of an inverted egg, is approximately hexagonal, 3–4.5 centimeters long and 2.5–3.2 centimeters wide. The seeds ripen until September, and their germination is delayed-epigeous: the leaves that the seedling had as an embryo become photosynthetic once they emerge from the soil.
Habitat

Lilium ledebourii occurs at altitudes around 2,100 meter. It needs a dry, sunny position in well-drained soil, it is very susceptible to moisture. In June 2012 Dr. M.R. Asef an Iranian Mycologist and researcher found Lilium ledebourii from Vaz forest in Noor (Mazandaran province)at altitudes around 1670 meter .
References

Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
Boissier, Pierre Edmond 1882. Flora Orientalis 5(1): 175 description in Latin
Hassan Farsam, Massoud Amanlou, Gholamreza Amin, Gholamreza Nezamivand-Chegini, Mohammad-Hossain Salehi-Surmaghi, Abbas Shaffiee: Anatomical And Phythochemical Study Of Lilium ledebourii (Baker) Boiss., A Rare Endemic Species In Iran, in: Daru, Volume 11 No.4, 2003, pp. Hassan Farsam, Massoud Amanlou, Gholamreza Amin, Gholamreza Nezamivand-Chegini, Hossain Mohammad-Salehi-Surmaghi, Abbas Shaffiee: And Phythochemical Anatomical Study Of Lilium ledebourii (Baker) Boiss., A Rare Endemic Species In Iran, in Daru, Volume 11 No.4, 2003, pp. 164–170
Komarov, V.L. (ed.) (1935). Flora SSSR 4: 1-586. Izdatel'stov Akademii Nauk SSSR, Leningrad.
Rechinger, K.H., Browicz, K., Persson, K. & Wendelbo, P. (1990). Flora Iranica 165: 1-194. Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.
Czerepanov, S.K. (1995). Vascular Plants of Russia and Adjacent States (The Former USSR): 1-516. Cambridge University Press.
Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2006). Conspectus Florae Caucasi 2: 1-466. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae