Lilium bosniacum

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Liliales

Familia: Liliaceae
Subfamilia: Lilioideae
Genus: Lilium
Sectio: L. sect. Liriotypus
Species: Lilium bosniacum
Name

Lilium bosniacum (Beck) Fritsch, Mitt. Naturwiss. Vereines Steiermark 45: 163. 1909.
Synonyms

Lilium carniolicum subsp. bosniacum (Beck) Asch. & Graebn., Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 3: 182. 1905.
Lilium carniolicum var. bosniacum Beck, Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 2: 47. 1887.
Lilium pyrenaicum var. bosniacum (Beck) V.A.Matthews, Bot. Mag. (Kew Mag.) 1: 40. 1984.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe
Regional: Southeastern Europe
Yugoslavia

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Fritsch, K., 1909. Mitt. Naturwiss. Vereines Steiermark 45: 163.

Additional references

Govaerts, R. (2006). World Checklist of Monocotyledons. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens. 2009 July 06 [1].
Ikinci,N, Oberprieler, C. & Güner, A. 2006. On the origin of European lilies: phylogenetic analysis of Lilium section Liriotypus (Liliaceae) using sequences of the nuclear ribosomal transcribed spacers. Willdenowia 36: 647–656

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Lilium bosniacum in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 July 29. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2022. Lilium bosniacum. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2022. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2022 July 29. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2022. Lilium bosniacum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 29 July 2022.
International Plant Names Index. 2022. Lilium bosniacum. Published online. Accessed: July 29 2022.

Vernacular names
svenska: Bosnisk lilja

Lilium bosniacum is a lily native to Bosnia and Herzegovina. It's also known as Zlatni Ljiljan (Bosnian for golden lily) and Bosanski Ljiljan (Bosnian lily).

L. bosniacum has often been lumped and split and lumped again. Some results of molecular studies[1] support it as an infraspecific taxon of Lilium carniolicum. Lilium bosniacum, together with Lilium albanicum and Lilium jankae have been treated as varieties of Lilium carniolicum.

However, extensive DNA-analyses[2][3] have shown that this group is polyphyletic.

Description

Lilium bosniacum Beck ex Fritsch 1909 Section 3b Syn.: L. carniolicum var. bosniacumno

Bulb: ovoid, 6–7 cm in diameter, yellowish.

Stem: 30–90 cm.

Leaves: densely scattered, horizontal with tips curved upwards, narrowly lanceolate with slightly hairy margins.

Flowers: 1–6 in a raceme, nodding, fragrant. Tepals strongly revolute, typical Turk's cap-shape, wax-like texture, yellow to orange without spots, ~6 cm in diameter. Seeds with delayed hypogeal germination. Flowering time ~July. 2n=24.

Origin: Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Symbolic use

The golden lily is a traditional symbol of the Bosniak people, and was a heraldic national symbol of medieval Bosnia and a coat of arms of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina.[4][5]
See also

List of Balkan endemic plants

References

I. Resetnik, Z. Liber, Z. Satovic, P. Cigic, T. Nikolic: Molecular phylogeny and systematics of the Lilium carniolicum group (Liliaceae) based on nuclear ITS sequences, in: Plant Systematics and Evolution, 265: 45–58 (2007)
Nursel Ikinci, Christoph Oberprieler, Adil Güner: On the origin of European lilies: phylogenetic analysis of Lilium section Liriotypus (Liliaceae) using sequences of the nuclear ribosomal transcribed spacers, In: Willdenowia 36, 2006, pp. 647–656.
Muratović, E., Bogunić, F., Soljan, D., & Siljak-Yakovlev, S. 2005: Does Lilium bosniacum merit species rank? A classical and molecular-cytogenetic analysis. Pl. Syst. Evolution 252: 97–109.
Senimir Resić (2010). En historia om Balkan – Jugoslaviens uppgång och fall. Lund: Historiska Media. p. 294. Archived from the original on 29 December 2014. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
"SFOR - Bosnia and Herzegovina in ten flags".