Halogeton

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Ordo: Caryophyllales

Familia: Amaranthaceae s.l.
Cladus: Chenopodiaceae s.str.
Subfamilia: Salsoloideae
Tribus: Salsoleae
Genus: Halogeton
Overview of species

Species: H. alopecuroides – H. arachnoideus – H. glomeratus – H. sativus

Names in synonymy: H. acutifolius – H. articulatus – H. baillonis – H. cinereus – H. georgicus – H. jaubertianus – H. kashmirianus – H. malacophyllus – H. monandrus – H. obtusifolius – H. olivieri – H. oppositiflorus – H. oppositifolius – H. paronychioides – H. purpureus – H. rarifolius – H. souda – H. spinosissimus – H. tamariscifolia – H. tetragonus – H. tetrandrus – H. tibeticus – H. tournefortii

For Agathophora: A. algeriensis – A. alopecuroides – A. galalensis – A. iraqensis – A. postii

For Micropeplis: M. arachnoidea – M. foliosa
Name

Halogeton C.A.Mey. ex Ledeb., Icon. Pl. [Ledebour] 1: 10. (1829)

Type: Halogeton glomeratus (M.Bieb.) C.A.Mey.

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Agathophora (Fenzl) Bunge, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sc. Pétersb. 7.sér., 4,11: 19, 92. (1862)
Type: Agathophora alopecuroides (Delile) Fenzl ex Bunge
Halogeton sect. Agathophora Fenzl, in Ledeb., Fl.Ross. 3: 831. (1851–1852)
Halogeton subgen. Agathophora (Fenzl) Maire, Fl. Afrique du Nord 8: 186. (1962)
Micropeplis Bunge, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 7: 474. (1852)
Type: Micropeplis arachnoidea (Moq.) Bunge

References
Primary references

Bunge, A.v. 1862. Anabasearum revisio. Mémoires de l'Academie Imperiale des Sciences de Saint Petersbourg. Ser. 7. 4(11): 1–104. BHL Reference page. : 92–93.
Bunge, A.v. 1852 ('1851'). Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Flor Russlands und der Steppen Central-Asiens (aus den Mémoires des savants étrangers Tome VII besonders abgedruckt). St. Petersburg: Buchdruckerei der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. [1–370 of the preprint, double pagination]. BHL - [Separate preprint from: Bunge, A.v. 1854. Alexandri Lehmann reliquiae botanicae; sive, Enumeratio plantarum in itinere per deserta Asiae Mediae ab A. Lehmann annis 1839-1842 collectarum. (Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Flora Russlands und der Steppen Central-Asiens. Erste Abtheilung). Mémoires présentées á l’Académie Impériale des Sciences de St. Petersbourg par Divers Savans et lus dans ses assemblées 7: 181–536. BHL Reference page: : 474.
Fenzl, E. 1851. Salsolaceae. pp. 689–853. In: Ledebour, C.F.: Flora Rossica Vol. 3, Pars 2. BHL Reference page. : 831
Ledebour, C.F.v. 1829–1830. Icones plantarum novarum vel imperfecte cognitarum floram Rossicam, imprimis Altaicam, illustrantes Vol. 1–2. Rigae: apud I. Deubner. 200 pl. BHL Reference page. : 10, pl. 40. (Later: 1829. In Flora Altaica 1: 378).
Maire, R.C.J.E.† 1962. Flore de l'Afrique du Nord 8. Dicotyledoneae, Archichlamydeae: Centrospermales: Chenopodiaceae, Amaranthaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Phytolaccaceae, Thelygonaceae, Aizoaceae, Portulacaceae, Basellaceae. 303 pp. Paul Lechevalier, Paris. PDF Reference page. : 186

Additional references

Akhani, H., Edwards, G. & Roalson, E.H. 2007. Diversification of the Old World Salsoleae s.l. (Chenopodiaceae): Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis of Nuclear and Chloroplast Data Sets and a Revised Classification. International Journal of Plant Sciences 168(6): 931–956. DOI: 10.1086/518263 ResearchGate Reference page.
Hedge, I.C. 1997. Agathophora, Halogeton. In:
Hedge, I.C., Akhani, H., Freitag, H., Kothe-Heinrich, G., Podlech, D., Rilke, S. & Uotila, P. 1997. Chenopodiaceae. In: Rechinger, K.H. (ed.): Flora Iranica Vol. 172. 371 pp., 212 tab., Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt Graz. Reference page. : 354–357.
Zhu, G., Mosyakin, S.L. & Clemants, S.E. 2004.
'eFloras 2008. Halogeton in Flora of China. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.

Links

Hassler, M. 2019. Halogeton. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2019. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2019 Mar. 25. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2019. Halogeton. Published online. Accessed: Mar. 25 2019.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Halogeton in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2019 Mar. 25. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2019. Halogeton. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2019 Mar. 25.

Vernacular names
فارسی: شعران
қазақша: Бұйрасораң
русский: Галогетон
中文: 盐生草属, yan sheng cao shu

Halogeton is a plant genus of the family Amaranthaceae. The genus name, Halogeton, derives from the Greek words for "salt" and for "neighbor."[1]

Description

The genus Halogeton includes both annual and perennial species. The leaves are fleshy cylindrical, terminating in a persistent or caducous bristle. There are three to several flowers in the axil of each floral leaf. The perianth segments are membranous. The stamens are fixed on a papillose staminodial disk. In fruit, the tepals develop five wings.
Distribution and habitat

The annual species grow in temperate salines and ruderal places, while the perennials are found in warm and hot deserts. They are tolerant of fairly saline soils.
Uses

Halogeton sativus was cultivated for the enormous 18th Century barilla industry in Spain that produced soda ash. The species was considered to be a "saltwort" plant.
Weeds

Halogeton glomeratus is considered a noxious weed in most regions of the United States;[2] a particular difficulty with H. glomeratus is that it is poisonous to sheep, and possibly to cattle, due to the high concentration of sodium oxalate in the dry plant.[3] The common names for H. glomeratus include halogeton (the same as the genus), barilla, and saltlover.[4]
Ecology

Halogeton species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including The Nutmeg and the Coleophora case-bearers C. klimeschiella and C. parthenica.
Systematics

The genus Halogeton was published in 1829 by Carl Anton von Meyer (in Ledeb., Icon. Pl. Fl. Ross. 1: 10), with the type species Halogeton glomeratus (M. Bieb.) C.A.Mey. Synonyms are Agathophora (Fenzl) Bunge and Micropeplis Bunge. The genus includes about 5 species:

Halogeton alopecuroides (Delile) Moq.
Halogeton arachnoideus Moq.
Halogeton glomeratus (M. Bieb.) C. A. Mey.
Halogeton sativus (L.) Moq., Synonym Salsola sativa L.
Halogeton tibeticus Bunge (Bunge 1862; Botschantzev 1977).

References

Holmgren, Ned A. (2004). "HalogetonC. A. Meyer," in Flora of North America: North of Mexico Volume 4: Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 1, Editorial Committee of the Flora of North America (Oxford University Press, 2004). ISBN 978-0-19-517389-5. Online versions retrieved May 22, 2007.
Natural Resources Conservation Service, United States Department of Agriculture (2007). "PLANTS Profile for Halogeton glomeratus (saltlover)," webpage retrieved May 20, 2007.
Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture (2007). "Halogeton (Halogeton Glomeratus)," webpage retrieved May 23, 2007.

Integrated Taxonomic Information Service (2007). Halogeton, retrieved May 19, 2007.

Hossein Akhani, Gerald Edwards, Eric H. Roalson:Diversification Of The Old World Salsoleae S.L. (Chenopodiaceae): Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis Of Nuclear And Chloroplast Data Sets And A Revised Classification In: International Journal of Plant Sciences, 168(6), p. 942 and 945-946, 2007. (chapters Description, Habitat, Systematics)