Geodorum

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Orchidaceae
Subfamilia: Epidendroideae
Tribus: Cymbidieae
Subtribus: Eulophiinae
Genus: Geodorum
Overview of species (8)

G. attenuatum – G. densiflorum – G. duperreanum – G. eulophioides – G. laxiflorum – G. recurvum – G. siamense – G. terrestre
Name

Geodorum Jacks., Bot. Repos. 10: t. 626 (1811)

Type species: Geodorum terrestre (L.) Garay, Harvard Pap. Bot. 2: 47 (1997)

Synonymy

Heterotypic
Otandra Salisb., Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 298 (1812)
Cistella Blume, Bijdr.: 293 (1825)
Ortmannia Opiz, Flora 17: 592 (1834)

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Asia-Temperate
China
China South-Central, China Southeast, Hainan.
Eastern Asia
Nansei-shoto, Ogasawara-shoto, Taiwan.
Asia-Tropical
Indian Subcontinent
Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka.
Indo-China
Andaman Islands, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Vietnam.
Malesia
Borneo, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Maluku, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatera.
Papuasia
Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea, Solomon Islands.
Australasia
Australia
Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia.
Pacific
Northwestern Pacific
Caroline Islands, Marianas.
Southwestern Pacific
Fiji, New Caledonia, Niue, Samoa, Tonga, Vanuatu.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Jackson, G. 1810. Botanist's Repository, for new, and rare plants 10: , ad pl. 626.
Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.W. & Rasmussen, F.N. (eds.) 2014. Genera Orchidacearum Volume 5: Epidendroideae (Part two); page 109 ff., Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-850713-0

Links

'eFloras 2009. Geodorum in Flora of China vol. 25 Orchidaceae --> pdf Geodorum
Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2021. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Geodorum. Accessed: 2021 May 25.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Geodorum in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 May 25. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Geodorum in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 May 25. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2021. Geodorum. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2021 May 25. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2021. Geodorum. Published online. Accessed: 25 May 2021.
Tropicos.org 2021. Geodorum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 25 May 2021.

Vernacular names

кырык мары: Геодорум
ไทย: สกุลว่านจูงนาง

Geodorum, commonly known as shepherds' crooks[2] or 地宝兰属 (di bao lan shu),[3] is a genus of eight species of flowering plants in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. They are deciduous, terrestrial herbs with underground pseudobulbs, broad, pleated leaves and small to medium-sized, tube-shaped or bell-shaped flowers on a flowering stem with a drooping end. Species in this genus are found in southern Japan, tropical Asia, Australia and islands of the southwest Pacific Ocean.

Description

Orchids in the genus Geodorum are deciduous, terrestrial herbs with pseudobulbs underground but close to the surface. There are several pleated leaves emerging from the pseudobulb, the largest at the top. Each leaf has a stalk which wraps around those below it. The flower stalk also emerges from the pseudobulb and bears a few to many bell-shaped or tubular flowers. The sepals and petals are similar in size and shape and do not spread widely apart from each other, so that the flowers do not open widely. The portion of the flowering stem carrying flowers droops, so that although the flowers are non-resupinate, the labellum is the lowest part of the flower. The labellum has three lobes but lacks the spur or pouch of orchids in the similar genus Eulophia.[2][3][4]
Taxonomy and naming

The first formal description of Geodorum appeared in The Botanist's Repository for New, and Rare Plants edited by Henry Cranke Andrews.[1][5] There is a description and an illustration of Geodorum citrinum, now known as Geodorum terrestre.[6] The illustration was the work of Andrews but although not recognised in the book, the description is believed to be the work of George Jackson.[7] The name Geodorum is derived from the Ancient Greek words ge meaning "earth"[8]: 290  and doron meaning "leaf",[8]: 277  apparently referring to the terrestrial habit of orchids in this genus.[4]
Species

Species accepted by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families as of October 2018 are:[1]

Geodorum attenuatum Griff. - Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Hainan, Yunnan
Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr. - Tropical and subtropical Asia to the western Pacific
Geodorum duperreanum Pierre - Vietnam
Geodorum eulophioides Schltr. - Guizhou, Myanmar
Geodorum laxiflorum Griff. - Assam, Orissa, Chhattisgarh
Geodorum recurvum (Roxb.) Alston in Trimen - India, Assam, Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Guangdong, Hainan, Yunnan
Geodorum siamense Rolfe ex Downie - Thailand, Myanmar, Vietnam, Cambodia
Geodorum terrestre (L.) Garay - Bangladesh, Thailand, Cambodia, Peninsular Malaysia, Australia

Distribution

Orchids in this genus are found in India, Southeast Asia including Malaysia, the Philippines and, Indonesia. There are two species endemic to China and others occur in New Guinea and New Caledonia. One species (Geodorum terrestre) occurs in Western Australia, the Northern Territory, Queensland and New South Wales.[2][3]
See also

List of Orchidaceae genera

References

"Geodorum". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 360. ISBN 1877069124.
Chen, Xinqi; Cribb, Phillip J.; Gale, Stephen W. "Geodorum". Flora of China. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
D.L.Jones; T.Hopley; S.M.Duffy (2010). "Geodorum". Australian Tropical Rainforest Orchids. Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
"Geodorum". APNI. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
Andrews, Henry C. (1811). The Botanist's Repository for New, and Rare Plants (Volume 10). pp. 69–70. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
Stafleu, Frans A.; Cowan, Richard S. (1976). Taxonomi literature: A selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types (Volume 1). Utrecht: Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema. p. 51. Retrieved 27 October 2018.

Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.

Jackson, G. (1810) Botanist's Repository, for new, and rare plants 10: , ad pl. 626.
Berg Pana, H. 2005. Handbuch der Orchideen-Namen. Dictionary of Orchid Names. Dizionario dei nomi delle orchidee. Ulmer, Stuttgart
Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.C. & Rasmussen, F.N. (2009) Epidendroideae (Part two). Genera Orchidacearum 5: 109 ff. Oxford University Press.