Eucharis

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamilia: Amaryllidoideae
Tribus: Eucharideae
Genus: Eucharis
Subgenera: E. subg. Eucharis – E. subg. Heterocharis

Species: E. amazonica – E. astrophiala – E. bakeriana – E. bonplandii – E. bouchei – E. candida – E. castelnaeana – E. caucana – E. corynandra – E. cyaneosperma – E. formosa – E. lehmannii – E. moorei  – E. oxyandra – E. plicata – E. ruthiana – E. sanderi – E. ulei

Nothospecies: E. × grandiflora
Name

Eucharis Planch. & Linden in Linden, Cat. Gén. 8: 3. 1853, nom. cons.
Type species: Eucharis candida Planch. & Linden

Synonyms

Homotypic
Urceolina subg. Eucharis (Planch. & Linden) Traub, Pl. Life (Stanford) 27: 58. 1971.

References

Meerow, A.W. (1989) Systematics of the Amazon Lilies, Eucharis and Caliphruria (Amaryllidaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 76(1): 136–220 [1].
Planchon, J.É. & Linden, J.J. in Linden, J.J., (1853) Catalogue des Plantes Exotiques, Nouvelles et Rare, Cultivees dan les Serres de J. Linden 8: 3.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2018. Eucharis (Amaryllidaceae) in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2018 Jul. 29. Reference page. 
International Plant Names Index. 2018. Eucharis (Amaryllidaceae). Published online. Accessed: Jul. 29 2018.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2019. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Eucharis (Amaryllidaceae). .

Eucharis is a genus of about 15–20 species of neotropical plants in the Amaryllis family,[3] native to Central America and South America, from Guatemala south to Bolivia. Some species have become naturalized in Mexico, the West Indies, and scattered tropical islands.[2][4] The English name Amazon lily is sometimes used for all species in the genus (as well as other genera),[5] but is particularly used for Eucharis amazonica and Eucharis × grandiflora, which are often confused.[6]

Description

Eucharis is a perennial with a bulb 2–6 cm (1–2 in) in diameter. The broad-stalked leaves are 20–55 cm (8–22 in) long and 10–20 cm (4–8 in) broad. The large showy white flowers are borne in an umbel of three to ten on an erect scape 40–80 cm (16–31 in) long. The flowers resemble narcissus flowers in having a prominent central cup, which is sometimes tinged with green.[7][8] However, while in narcissus this cup is a corona, in Eucharis it is composed of widened and fused stamens.[9]
Cultivation and uses

Eucharis amazonica and the hybrid Eucharis × grandiflora are the best-known and most generally cultivated species.[10] It is propagated by removing the offsets, which may be done in spring, potting them singly in 15 cm pots. It requires good loamy soil, with enough sand to keep the compost open, and should have a good supply of water. A temperature of 18° to 20 °C during the night, and rising to 25 °C in the day. During summer growth is to be encouraged by repotting, but the plants should afterwards be slightly rested by removal to a night temperature of about 15 °C, water being withheld for a time, though they must not be left dry for too long, the plant being an evergreen. By the turn of the year they may again have more heat and more water, and this will probably induce them to flower.[10] With a stock of the smaller plants to start them in succession, it is possible to have plants in flower all the year round.[10] A hybrid has been raised between Eucharis and the allied genus Urceolina and given the hybrid name ×Urceocharis.[11]
Species
Accepted species

The following are species which are currently included within this genus.[2][12]

Eucharis amazonica Linden ex Planch. - Perú; naturalized in México, Venezuela, Central America, West Indies, Fiji, the Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Ascension Island, Society Islands
Eucharis astrophiala (Ravenna) Ravenna - Ecuador
Eucharis bakeriana N.E.Br. - San Martín Region of Perú
Eucharis bonplandii (Kunth) Traub - Colombia
Eucharis bouchei Woodson & P.Allen - Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panamá
Eucharis candida Planch. & Linden - Colombia, Ecuador, Perú
Eucharis castelnaeana (Baill.) J.F.Macbr. - Colombia (Amazonas), Peru (Loreto), Brazil (Amazonas)
Eucharis caucana Meerow - Colombia
Eucharis corynandra (Ravenna) Ravenna - Cajamarca Region of Perú
Eucharis cyaneosperma Meerow - Bolivia (La Paz + Beni), Perú, Brazil (Amazonas + Acre)
Eucharis formosa Meerow - Colombia, Ecuador, Perú
Eucharis × grandiflora Planch. & Linden - Colombia, Ecuador
†Eucharis lehmannii Regel - Cauca Department in Colombia but extinct
Eucharis moorei (Baker) Meerow - Ecuador, Perú
Eucharis oxyandra (Ravenna) Ravenna - Huánuco Region of Perú
Eucharis plicata Meerow - Perú (San Martín), Bolivia (Beni)
Eucharis sanderi Baker - Colombia
Eucharis ulei Kraenzl. - Colombia (Amazonas), Perú, Bolivia (La Paz, Beni, Pando), Brazil (Amazonas + Acre)

Formerly Included

Several plants that were once placed within the genus Eucharis have since been reclassified to other genera (Caliphruria, Mathieua and Plagiolirion).[2]

Eucharis fosteri - Caliphruria subedentata
Eucharis galanthoides - Mathieua galanthoides
Eucharis hartwegiana - Caliphruria hartwegiana
Eucharis horsmannii - Plagiolirion horsmannii
Eucharis korsakoffii - Caliphruria korsakoffii
Eucharis paradoxa - Caliphruria subedentata
Eucharis subedentata - Caliphruria subedentata
Eucharis tenera - Caliphruria tenera

See also

List of plants known as lily

References

"illustration from: Flore des serres et des jardins de l'Europe by Charles Lemaire and others. Gent, Louis van Houtte, 1853, volume 8 (plate 788)". Archived from the original on 2011-11-03. Retrieved 2015-04-05.
Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
Stevens, P.F., Angiosperm Phylogeny Website: Asparagales: Amaryllidoideae
Meerow, Alan W. 1989. Systematics of the Amazon Lilies, Eucharis and Caliphruria (Amaryllidaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, Vol. 76, No. 1 (1989), pp. 136-220
"Caliphruria tenera (Amazon lily)". Plants & Fungi at Kew. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Archived from the original on 2015-02-03. Retrieved 2015-02-03.
"Eucharis amazonica|Amazon lily". RHS Gardening. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 2015-02-03.
Planchon, Jules Émile. 1853. Catalogue des Plantes Exotiques 8: 3.
Meerow, A. W. 1989. Systematics of the Amazon lilies, Eucharis and Caliphruria (Amaryllidaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 76(1): 136–220
"Eucharis | Pacific Bulb Society". www.pacificbulbsociety.org. Retrieved 2022-01-29.
 One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Eucharis". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 868.
"Urceocharis", World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2012-06-24
The Plant List