Distylium

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Ordo: Saxifragales

Familia: Hamamelidaceae
Subfamilia: Hamamelidoideae
Genus: Distylium
Species: D. annamicum – D. buxifolium – D. chinense – D. chungii – D. cuspidatum – D. dunnianum – D. elaeagnoides – D. gracile – D. indicum – D. lepidotum – D. macrophyllum – D. myricoides – D. pingpienense – D. racemosum – D. stellare – D. tsiangii
Name

Distylium Siebold & Zucc., 1841

Type species: Distylium racemosum Siebold & Zucc.

Synonyms

Saxifragites Gagnep.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Asia-Temperate
Regional: Eastern Asia
Assam, China South-Central, China Southeast, Hainan, Japan, Jawa, Korea, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Ogasawara-shoto, Sumatera, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References
Primary references

Siebold, P.F.v. & Zuccarini, J.G. 1835–1841. Flora Japonica sive, Plantae Quas in Imperio Japonico Collegit, Descripsit, ex Parte in Ipsis Locis Pingendas Curavit. Sectio Prima Continens Plantas Ornatui vel Usui Inservientes. Digessit J. G. Zuccarini. Centuria prima. 89 + 4 pp., 150 tab., Lugduni Batavorum [Leiden]. Google Books Gallica Reference page. : 1: 178

Additional references

Govaerts, R.H.A. 2000. World Checklist of Seed Plants Database in ACCESS D: 1-30141. [unavailable to the public] Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Distylium in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Oct 06. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. Oct. Distylium. Published online. Accessed: 06 Oct.
Tropicos.org 2021. Distylium. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Oct 06.
Hassler, M. 2021. Distylium. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Oct 06. Reference page.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Distylium in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 08-Apr-12.

Vernacular names
中文: 蚊母树属

Distylium (winter-hazel) is a genus of about 18 species of evergreen shrubs and trees in the witch hazel family, Hamamelidaceae, native to eastern and southeastern Asia.

Taxonomy
Fossil record

Researchers have recognized Distylium fossil pollen among the middle Miocene Sarmatian palynoflora from the Lavanttal Basin of Austria. The sediment containing the fossil pollen had accumulated in a lowland wetland environment with various vegetation units of mixed evergreen/deciduous broadleaved/conifer forests surrounding the wetland basin. Key relatives of the fossil taxa found with Distylium are presently confined to humid warm temperate environments, suggesting a subtropical climate during the middle Miocene in Austria.[1] Distylium macrofossils of the Lower and Middle Miocene, are known from the lignite mines of the Kaltennortheim Formation in the Rhön Mountains, cental Germany, where it is associated with typical elements of the Mastixioid floras that attest to an optimal warm humid phase of the Miocene.[2]
Species

Selected species

Distylium buxifolium - China
Distylium chinense - China
Distylium chungii - China
Distylium cuspidatum - China
Distylium dunnianum - China
Distylium elaeagnoides - China
Distylium gracile - China
Distylium macrophyllum - China
Distylium myricoides - China
Distylium pingpienense - China
Distylium racemosum - tree up to 20m; China, Korea, Japan (Ryukyu Islands)(known as Isunoki(イスノキ)/Nara(柞), Taiwan
Distylium tsiangii - China

References

Combined LM and SEM study of the middle Miocene (Sarmatian) palynoflora from the Lavanttal Basin, Austria: part III. Magnoliophyta 1 – Magnoliales to Fabales, Friðgeir Grímsson, Barbara Meller, Johannes M. Bouchal & Reinhard Zetter, Grana 2015, Vol 54, No. 2,85-128.

The floral change in the tertiary of the Rhön mountains (Germany) by Dieter Hans Mai - Acta Paleobotanica 47(1): 135-143, 2007.

Flora of China: Distylium