Disperis

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Orchidaceae
Subfamilia: Orchidoideae
Tribus: Diseae
Subtribus: Coryciinae
Genus: Disperis
Overview of species (81)

D. ankarensis – D. anthoceros – D. aphylla – D. bathiei – D. bifida – D. bodkinii – D. bolusiana – D. bosseri – D. breviloba – D. capensis – D. cardiophora – D. ciliata – D. circumflexa – D. concinna – D. cooperi – D. cordata – D. crassicaulis – D. cucullata – D. decipiens – D. dicerochila – D. discifera – D. disiformis – D. egregia – D. elaphoceras – D. erucifera – D. falcatipetala – D. fanniniae – D. fayi – D. galerita – D. hildebrandtii – D. humblotii – D. johnstonii – D. kamerunensis – D. katangensis – D. kerstenii – D. kilimanjarica – D. lanceana – D. lanceolata – D. latigaleata – D. leuconeura – D. lindleyana – D. macowanii – D. majungensis – D. masoalensis – D. meirax – D. micrantha – D. mildbraedii – D. monophylla – D. mozambicensis – D. natascha-oppeltiae – D. neilgherrensis – D. nemorosa – D. nitida – D. oppositifolia – D. oxyglossa – D. paludosa – D. parvifolia – D. perrieri – D. purpurata – D. pusilla – D. raiilabris – D. reichenbachiana – D. reklieberae – D. renibractea – D. saxicola – D. similis – D. stefan-jetteri – D. stenoplectron – D. szolc-rogozinskiana – D. thomensis – D. thorncroftii – D. togoensis – D. tomaszii – D. trilineata – D. tripetaloides – D. tysonii – D. uzungwae – D. villosa – D. virginalis – D. wealei – D. woodii
Name

Disperis Sw., Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 21: 218 (1800)

Type species: Disperis circumflexa (L.) T.Durand & Schinz, Consp. Fl. Afric. 5: 118 (1894)

Synonymy

Homotypic
Dipera Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 696 (1826), nom. superfl.
Heterotypic
Dryorkis Thouars, Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 19: 316 (1809)
Dryopeia Thouars, Hist. Orchid.: t. 1-3 (1822)
Dryopria Thouars, Hist. Orchid.: prem. tabl. esp. (1822), orth. var.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:
Disperis range map

Africa
East Tropical Africa
Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda.
Northeast Tropical Africa
Ethiopia, Sudan.
South Tropical Africa
Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
Southern Africa
Cape Provinces, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, Lesotho, Northern Provinces, Swaziland.
West Tropical Africa
Benin, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Togo.
West-Central Tropical Africa
Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo, Gabon, Gulf of Guinea Islands, Rwanda, Zaire.
Western Indian Ocean
Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Rodrigues, Réunion, Seychelles.
Asia-Temperate
China
China Southeast.
Eastern Asia
Nansei-shoto, Taiwan.
Asia-Tropical
Indian Subcontinent
Assam, India, Sri Lanka.
Indo-China
Thailand.
Malesia
Jawa, Lesser Sunda Islands, Maluku, Philippines.
Papuasia
New Guinea.
Pacific
Northwestern Pacific
Caroline Islands.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.W. & Rasmussen, F.N. (eds.) 2001. Genera Orchidacearum Volume 2: Orchidoideae (Part one); page 26 ff., Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-850710-0
Swartz, O.P. 1800. Kongliga Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar 21: 218.

Additional references

Kurzweil, H. & Manning, J.C. (2005). A synopsis of the genus Disperis Sw. (Orchidaceae). Adansonia, III, 27: 155–207.

Links

Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2021. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Disperis. Accessed: 2021 Feb 12.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Disperis in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Feb 12. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Disperis in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Feb 12. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2021. Disperis. Published online. Accessed: 12 Feb 2021.
The Plant List 2013. Disperis in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Feb 12.
Tropicos.org 2021. Disperis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Feb 12.

Vernacular names

перем коми: Дисперис
коми: Дисперис
мокшень: Дисперис
кырык мары: Дисперис
удмурт: Дисперис
中文: 双袋兰属

Disperis is a genus of plants in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It has about 78 species.[1] Most of the species are from tropical and southern Africa, as well as Indian Ocean islands. A few are native to the tropical or the warmer subtropical regions of Asia and Malesia.

Etymology

The genus name Disperis derives from the ancient greek δίς (dís), meaning "twice", and πήρα (pḗra), meaning "bag", "pouch",[2][3] because of to the pouches formed by the lateral sepals.[4]
Range and variation

Disperis consists of two subgenera, Disperis and Dryorkis.[5] Subgenus Disperis has been well sampled in a molecular phylogenetic study,[6] but subgenus Dryorkis has not. Subgenus Disperis has about 30 species and is distinguished by an entire lip appendage. Most of its species are from southern Africa. A few are from East Africa and Madagascar. Subgenus Dryorkis has about 48 species and is distinguished by a 2-lobed lip appendage. It is found throughout tropical Africa as well as Madagascar and nearby islands, and it has one widespread species in tropical Asia.
Pollination

Like members of the subtribe Coryciinae sensu stricto, Disperis is pollinated by oil collecting bees of the genus Rediviva. The oil is produced on the lip appendage, usually near its apex. Disperis has independently evolved a floral morphology much like that of Coryciinae s.s. in order to attract these pollinators.
Relationships

In the Genera Orchidacearum work, Disperis has been placed in the subtribe Coryciinae.[7] However, molecular phylogeny studies challenged this taxonomic view. Analysis of the nuclear ribosomal ITS first suggested the polyphyly of Coryciinae as Disperis did not branch with Corycium and Pterygodium.[8] Moreover, Disperis appeared more closely related to Brownleea than to the subtribe Coryciinae, though this affinity did not receive strong statistical support.[6] In a classification of orchids that was published in 2015, Disperis was transferred to the subtribe Brownleeinae.[1] Brownleea and Disperis have a similar pollen structure and an upright labellum that lies over the front of the stigma. A median sepal spur is found in all six species of Brownleea and in many species of Disperis.[6]
References

Mark W. Chase, Kenneth M. Cameron, John V. Freudenstein, Alec M. Pridgeon, Gerardo A. Salazar, Cássio van den Berg, and André Schuiteman. 2015. "An updated classification of Orchidaceae". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 177(2):151-174. (See External links below).
Bailly, Anatole (1981-01-01). Abrégé du dictionnaire grec français. Paris: Hachette. ISBN 978-2010035289. OCLC 461974285.
Bailly, Anatole. "Greek-french dictionary online". www.tabularium.be. Retrieved 2017-01-24.
Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names volume II. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington, D.C.; USA. London, UK. ISBN 978-0-8493-2676-9 (vol. II).
Hubert Kurzweil and John C. Manning. 2005. "A synopsis of the genus Disperis Sw. (Orchidaceae)". Adansonia 27(2):155-207.
Richard J. Waterman, Anton Pauw, Timothy G. Barraclough, and Vincent Savolainen. 2009. "Pollinators underestimated: A molecular phylogeny reveals widespread floral convergence in oil-secreting orchids (sub-tribe Coryciinae) of the Cape of South Africa". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 51(1):100-110. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.05.020.
Alec M. Pridgeon; Phillip J. Cribb; Mark W. Chase; Finn N. Rasmussen (2001). Genera Orchidacearum: Volume 2. Orchidoideae. Oxford University Press. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-19-850710-9. (See External links below).

Emmanuel J. P. Douzery, Alec M. Pridgeon, Paul Kores, H. P. Linder, Hubert Kurzweil, and Mark W. Chase. 1999. "Molecular phylogenetics of Diseae (Orchidaceae): a contribution from nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences". American Journal of Botany 86(6):887-899. PDF

External links
An updated classification of Orchidaceae (2015) At: Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society At: Wiley Online Library
synopsis of Disperis At Adansonia 27(2) At Adansonia At journals At home page of the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle
page 14 In: Genera Orchidacearum volume 2 At: Genera Orchidacearum At: Google Books