Davilla

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Ordo: Dilleniales

Familia: Dilleniaceae
Genus: Davilla
Species: D. alata – D. angustifolia – D. aymardii – D. bahiana – D. bilobata – D. cearensis – D. cuatrecasasii – D. cuspidulata – D. elliptica – D. emarginata – D. flexuosa – D. glabrata – D. glaziovii – D. grandiflora – D. grandifolia – D. hirsuticarpa – D. kubitzkii – D. kunthii – D. lacunosa – D. lanosa – D. latifolia – D. macrocarpa – D. minutifolia – D. morii – D. neei – D. nitida – D. papyracea – D. pedicellaris – D. rugosa – D. sellowiana – D. sessilifolia – D. steyermarkii – D. strigosa
Source(s) of checklist:

Hassler, M. 2020. Davilla. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2020. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Mar 08. Reference page.

Name

Davilla Vand., 1788.

Type species: Davilla rugosa Poir.

Synonyms

Hieronia Vell.

References
Primary references

Vandelli, D. 1788. Florae Lusitanicae et Brasiliensis Specimen. Coimbra. Internet Archive. Reference page. : 35, f. 14.

Links

Hassler, M. 2020. Davilla. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2020. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Mar 08. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Davilla. Published online. Accessed: Mar 08 2020.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Davilla in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Mar 08. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2020. Davilla. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Mar 08.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Davilla in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 08-Apr-12.

Vernacular names
русский: Давилла

Davilla is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Dilleniaceae.[1] It has around 30 neotropical,[2] species and is one of most diverse genera of lianas, vines, erect or scandent (climbing) shrubs.[3]

Description

Davilla plants are classed as lianas or shrubs,[4] and they are similar in form to that of species in Tetracera or Dillenia genus.[5] Although they can identified from other Dilleniaceae genra plants due to several features; having sepals unequal in size, with the two inner ones larger, becoming crustaceous (having a hard shell) and covering the fruit completely, a paniculate inflorescence and the fruit being a capsule.[3] They are hermaphroditic plants (or bisexual - bearing both male and female reproductive organs). It has leaves which are often scabrous (rough to the touch) and pubescent with simple trichomes (hairs or bristles). The petioles (leaf stalks) are winged to narrowly recurve-winged. The inflorescences panicles are terminal (at the end of branches) or axillary (at leaf junctions) in the upper nodes.[4] The flower has 5 sepals, which are uneven. The 3 outer ones are small and 2 inners ones are larger.[4][3][5] It has 3–6 petals,[4] which are deciduous.[5] It has numerous stamens and 1-2 carpels (female reproductive organ), which are capsular and contain 1 compartment.[4][5] It has 2 ovules and erect and basal clavate (club-shaped) styles. It also has peltate (shield-like) and emarginate (notched at the apex) stigmas.[4] The sepals later become leathery and begin enveloping the fruit,[4] and simulating a globose shaped capsule.[5][4] Inside the capsule, are 1-2 smooth seeds which are surrounded by an aril (a membranous or fleshy appendage).[4]

Not much of the reproductive biology of the genus Davilla is known. Noting floral visitors, among reports concerning the genus Davilla, Ducke (1902) reported that bee species, Halictus Latreille was visiting flowers of Davilla rugosa Poir.[6] For the same species, Kuhlmann & Kühn (1947) indicated bees and other insects were listed as pollinators. Croat (1978),[7] then verified flowers of Davilla nitida (Vahl) Kubitzki were being visited by (stingless bee species) Partamona cupira (Smith 1863).[2]
Taxonomy

The genus name of Davilla is either named in honour of Pedro Franco Dávila (1711–1786),[8] a Peruvian and Spanish naturalist and collector,[9] or according to George Don in 1831, Henry Catherine Davilla (Enrico Caterino Davila) an Italian historian who died in 1599.[5]

The genus was first published and described by Domenico Vandelli in Fl. Lusit. Brasil. Spec. collation 35 in 1788.[10][11] It was then reprinted in Script. Pl. Hispan. (edited by J.J. Roemer), Vol.115 in 1796.[1]

The type species is Davilla rugosa Poir.[11]

The taxonomy of the genus Davilla was revised in 2012.[12]
Species known

According to Kew;[1]

Davilla alata (Vent.) Briq.
Davilla angustifolia A.St.-Hil.
Davilla aspera (Aubl.) Benoist
Davilla aymardii Fraga
Davilla bahiana Aymard
Davilla bilobata Aymard
Davilla cearensis Huber
Davilla coriacea Fraga & Stehmann
Davilla cuatrecasasii Aymard
Davilla cuspidulata Mart. ex Eichler
Davilla elliptica A.St.-Hil.
Davilla flexuosa A.St.-Hil.
Davilla glabrata Mart. ex Eichler
Davilla glaziovii Eichler
Davilla grandiflora A.St.-Hil. & Tul.
Davilla hirsuticarpa Fraga & Aymard
Davilla kubitzkii Aymard
Davilla kunthii A.St.-Hil.
Davilla lacunosa Mart.
Davilla lanosa Fraga & Stehmann
Davilla latifolia Casar.
Davilla macrocarpa Eichler
Davilla minutifolia Fraga
Davilla morii Aymard
Davilla neei Aymard
Davilla nitida (Vahl) Kubitzki
Davilla papyracea Aymard
Davilla pedicellaris Benth.
Davilla rugosa Poir.
Davilla sellowiana Schltdl.
Davilla sessilifolia Fraga
Davilla steyermarkii Kubitzki
Davilla strigosa Kubitzki
Davilla undulata Fraga & Stehmann

The genus is accepted by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service, they accepts 2 species; Davilla nitida (Vahl) Kubitzki and Davilla rugosa Poir.[13]
Distribution and habitat

Its native range is between Mexico and tropical America. It is found in the countries of; Belize, Bolivia,[2] Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay,[2] Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago and Venezuela.[1]

The greatest Davilla species diversity is located in Brazil,[3] up to 12 species can be found in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil.[14]
Habitat

It is found in moist or wet forests,[2] often in hilly pine forests.[15] Also in forest clearings and borders.[2]

It grows at altitudes of 350–450 metres (1,150–1,480 ft) above sea level.[15]

Uses

Davilla elliptica and Davilla nitida as well as Alchornea glandulosa (a tree species), have properties that could be used in the treatment of peptic ulcers. The leaves of Davilla elliptica have been used in folk medicine to treat diseases such as inflammation and other ulcers.[16]

Threats

Davilla glaziovii Eichler is included on the red list of Brazil, due to habitat loss and predatory extractivism (the extracting natural resources).[14]

References

"Davilla Vand". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
Rech, André Rodrigo; Manente-Balestieri, Fatima Cristina de Lazari; Absy, Maria Lúcia (June 2011). "Reproductive biology of Davilla kunthii A. St-Hil. (Dilleniaceae) in Central Amazonia". Acta Bot. Bras. 25 (2): 487–496. doi:10.1590/S0102-33062011000200024.
A. AYMARD C., Gerardo (June 2002). "A NEW SPECIES OF DAVILLA (DILLENIACEAE) AMONGST THE FLORA OF SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL". Acta Bot. Venez. (Published in Caracas). 25 (2).
Kubitzki, K. (1971). "Doliocarpus, Davilla and related genera (Dilleniaceae)". Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml (Munich). 9: 1–105.
George Don A general history of the dichlamydeous plants: comprising complete descriptions of the different orders...the whole arranged according to the natural system IV (1831), p. 70, at Google Books
Ducke, 1902, Ein neues Subgenus von Halictus Latr. Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 2, 102-103.
Croat, T.B. (1978) Flora of Barro Colorado Island. Stanford University Press, Stanford.
"Pedro Franco Dávila – The Sloane Letters Project". sloaneletters.com. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
Burkhardt, Lotte (2018). Verzeichnis eponymischer Pflanzennamen – Erweiterte Edition [Index of Eponymic Plant Names – Extended Edition] (in German). Berlin: Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum, Freie Universität Berlin. doi:10.3372/epolist2018. ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5. S2CID 187926901.
"Davilla". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 17 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
"Davilla Vand". Tropicos. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
Claudio Nicolete de Frage (2012-07-31). Filogenia e revisão taxonômica de Davilla Vand. (dilleniaceae) (PDF) (Doctorate thesis) (in Portuguese). Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG).
"GRIN-Global". npgsweb.ars-grin.gov. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
Pereira, Ismael Martins; Gomes-Klein, Vera Lúcia; Groppo, Milton (2014). "Distribution and Conservation of Davilla (Dilleniaceae) in Brazilian Atlantic Forest Using Ecological Niche Modeling". International Journal of Ecology. 2014: 1–11. doi:10.1155/2014/819739.
Standley, Paul C.; Steyermark, Julien A. (1946). Flora of Guatemala. Chicago Natural History Museum.
Vieira, Leticia Diniz; da Silva, Káthia Takeda; Giarola, Rodrigo Sanchez; Inocente, Guilherme Franco; Kushima, Hélio; Lima, Clelia Akiko Hiruma; Hormaza, Joel Mesa (2018). "Multielement analysis of plant extracts with potential use in the treatment of peptic ulcers by synchrotron radiation total reflection X-ray fluorescence". PeerJ. 6: e5375. doi:10.7717/peerj.5375. PMC 6139012. PMID 30225160.