Corymborkis

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Orchidaceae
Subfamilia: Epidendroideae
Tribus: Tropidieae
Genus: Corymborkis
Overview of species (8)

C. corymbis – C. flava – C. forcipigera – C. galipanensis – C. guyanensis – C. harlingii – C. minima – C. veratrifolia
Name

Corymborkis Thouars, Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1: 318 (1809)

Type species: Corymborkis corymbis Thouars, Hist. Orchid.: t. 37 (1822)

Synonymy

Homotypic
Corymbis Thouars, Hist. Orchid.: t. 37 (1822), nom. superfl.
Heterotypic
Hysteria Reinw., Syll. Pl. Nov. 2: 5 (1825)
Rhynchanthera Blume, Bijdr., Tabell.: 78 (1826), nom. illeg.
Macrostylis Breda, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Asclep.: t. 2 (1827), nom. illeg.
Tomotris Raf., Fl. Tellur. 2: 89 (1837)
Rhynchandra Rchb., Deut. Bot. Herb.-Buch: 56 (1841)
Corymborchis Thouars ex Blume, Coll. Orchid.: 125 (1859), orth. var.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Africa
West Tropical Africa
Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierre Leone, Togo.
West-Central Tropical Africa
Central African Republic, Cameroon, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gulf of Guinea Islands, Zaïre.
Northeast Tropical Africa
Ethiopia, Sudan.
East Tropical Africa
Tanzania, Uganda.
South Tropical Africa
Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe.
Southern Africa
Cape Provinces, KwaZulu-Natal.
Western Indian Ocean
Mauritius, Madagascar, Réunion.
Asia-Temperate
China
China South-Central, China Southeast.
Eastern Asia
Nansei-shoto, Ogasawara-shoto, Taiwan.
Asia-Tropical
Indian Subcontinent
Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Sri Lanka.
Indo-China
Andaman Islands, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Vietnam.
Malesia
Borneo, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Maluku, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Christmas Isle.
Papuasia
Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea, Solomon Islands.
Australasia
Australia
Queensland.
Pacific
Southwestern Pacific
Fiji, Samoa, Santa Cruz Islands, Tonga, Vanuatu.
South-Central Pacific
Society Islands.
Northwestern Pacific
Caroline Islands, Marianas,
Northern America
Mexico
Mexico Gulf, Mexico Southwest, Mexico Southeast.
Southern America
Central America
Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama.
Caribbean
Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Islands †, Puerto Rico.
Northern South America
Guyana, Venezuela.
Western South America
Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru.
Brazil
Brazil Southeast, Brazil South.
Southern South America
Argentina Northeast, Paraguay.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References
Primary references

Thouars, L.M.A. du Petit 1809. Nouveau Bulletin des Sciences, publié par la Société Philomatique de Paris 1: 318.
Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.W. & Rasmussen, F.N. (eds.) 2006. Genera Orchidacearum Volume 4 Epidendroideae (Part one); page 618 ff., Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-850712-7. Reference page.

Links

'eFloras 2009. Corymborkis in Flora of China vol. 25 Orchidaceae --> pdf Corymborkis
Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2021. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Corymborkis. Accessed: 2021 May 22.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Corymborkis in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 May 22. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Corymborkis in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 May 22. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2021. Corymborkis. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 May 22. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2021. Corymborkis. Published online. Accessed: 22 May 2021.
Tropicos.org 2021. Corymborkis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 May 22.

Vernacular names

English: Crow orchid
перем коми: Коримборкис
коми: Коримборкис
мокшень: Коримборкис
кырык мары: Коримборкис
удмурт: Коримборкис

Corymborkis, commonly known as cinnamon orchids,[2] or 管花兰属 (guan hua lan shu)[3] is a genus of eight species of orchids in the family Orchidaceae. They are evergreen, terrestrial plants which grow in clumps and have thin roots, leafy stems, pleated leaves and widely-opening flowers with thin, spreading sepals and petals. They are widely distributed in the tropics.

Description

Orchids in the genus Corymborkis are terrestrial, evergreen herbs which often grow in clumps and have short rhizomes and thin, wiry stems. One or more thin, unbranched stems arise from the same rhizome and have many papery, pleated, egg-shaped to elliptic leaves near their top half. A branching flowering stem develops from the upper leaf axils and carry crowded, widely-opening flowers. The flowers are greenish white and usually have thin, spreading sepals and petals which are similar to each other, with the petals slightly wider than the sepals. The labellum is about as long as the sepals, closely surrounds the column and has a tube-like base and two longitudinal ridges.[2][3][4][5]
Taxonomy and naming

The genus Corymborkis was first formally described in 1809 by Louis-Marie Aubert du Petit-Thouars and the description was published in Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris.[1][6] The name Corymborkis is derived from the Ancient Greek words korymbos meaning "bunch of flowers or fruit"[7]: 214  and orchis meaning "testicle" or "orchid",[7]: 576  referring to the bunched flowers of these orchids.[5]
Distribution and habitat

Orchids in this genus are found in tropical Africa, India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines,, Indonesia, New Guinea and Australia, including on Christmas Island. They usually grow in moist, shady places in rainforest.[2][5]
List of species

The following is a list of species of Corymborkis recognised by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families as at August 2018:[1]

Corymborkis corymbis Thouars - Africa from Guinea to Ethiopia to South Africa; Madagascar, Mauritius, Réunion
Corymborkis flava (Sw.) Kuntze - South America, Central America, Cuba, Jamaica
Corymborkis forcipigera (Rchb.f. & Warsz.) L.O.Williams - Mexico, Central America, West Indies, Colombia
Corymborkis galipanensis (Rchb.f.) Foldats - Venezuela
Corymborkis guyanensis Szlach. S.Nowak & Baranow - Guyana
Corymborkis harlingii Szlach. & Kolan - Colombia to Equador
Corymborkis minima P.J.Cribb - Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea
Corymborkis veratrifolia (Reinw.) Blume - China, Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Queensland, Pacific Islands

References

"Corymborkis". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 354. ISBN 1877069124.
Chen, Xinqi; Gale, Stephan W.; Cribb, Phillip J. "Corymborkis". Flora of china. Retrieved 9 September 2018.
Hyde, Mark; Wursten, Bart; Ballings, Petra; Coates, Palgrave M. "Corymborkis". Flora of Zimbabwe. Retrieved 9 September 2018.
D.L.Jones; T.Hopley; S.M.Duffy (2010). "Corymborkis". Australian Tropical Rainforest Orchids. Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
Petit-Thouars, Louis-Marie (1809). "Botanique". Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris. 1: 318. Retrieved 9 September 2018.
Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.