Cistus creticus

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids II
Ordo: Malvales

Familia: Cistaceae
Genus: Cistus
Subgenus: C. subg. Cistus
Sectio: C. sect. Cistus
Species: Cistus creticus
Subspecies: C. c. subsp. corsicus – C. c. subsp. creticus – C. c. subsp. eriocephalus – C. c. subsp. trabutii
Name

Cistus creticus L., Syst. Nat. ed. 10: 1077 (1759) (as “Cistus cretica”).

Ind. loc.: “Habitat in Creta, Syria.”
Lectotype: Hasselquist, Herb. Linn. No. 689.17 (LINN, iso- UPS?), designated by Jafri in Jafri & El-Gadi, Fl. Libya 48: 4 (1977).

Synonyms

Homotypic
Cistus incanus subsp. creticus (L.) Heywood, Feddes Repert. 79: 60 (1968).
Cistus incanus var. creticus (L.) Parl., Fl. Ital. 5: 575 (1873).
Cistus villosus subsp. creticus (L.) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur. 70 (1878).
Cistus villosus var. creticus (L.) Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 437 (1867).
Cistus polymorphus f. creticus (L.) Batt. in Battandier & Trabut, Fl. Algerie Dicot.: 88 (1888).
Cistus polymorphus var. creticus (L.) Ball, Spicil. Fl. Marocc. [Ball]: 342 (1877).

Heterotypic
Cistus villosus f. albus O.E.Warb., J. Roy. Hort. Soc. 55: 239 (1930).
Cistus creticus f. albus (O.E.Warb.) Demoly, Bull. Assoc. Parcs Bot. France 45: 47 (2008).
Cistus complicatus Spruner ex Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur. 70 (1878), non Lam., Encycl. 2(1): 14 (1786).
Cistus cousturieri Sennen, Monde Pl. 32(191): 31 (1931), pro hybr.
Cistus cupanianus J.Presl in C. Presl, Fl. Sicul. 1: 117 (1826).
Cistus villosus var. dalmaticus H.Lindb., Iter Austr. Hung. 74 (1906).
Cistus creticus var. dalmaticus (H.Lindb.) Greuter in Greuter & Rech.f., Boissiera 13: 54 (1967).
Cistus dunalianus Sweet, Hort. Brit. 34 (1826).
Cistus eriocephalus Viv., Fl. Cors. Prodr. 8 (1824).
Cistus creticus f. flavus Demoly, Bull. Assoc. Parcs Bot. France 45: 47 (2008).
Cistus garganicus Ten., Ind. Sem. Hort. Neap., 1829: 15 (1829).
Cistus incanus Sm. in Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. Prodr. 1(2): 363 (1809), Fl. Graeca 5: 76, t. 494 (1824), nom. illeg. non L., Sp. Pl. 1: 524 (1753).
Cistus ladaniferus Stokes, Bot. Mat. Med. 3: 209 (1812), non L., Sp. Pl. 1: 523 (1753).
Cistus philothei Sennen & Mauricio, Diagn. Nouv. Pl. Espagne Maroc: 179 (1936 publ. 1951) pro hybr.
Cistus polymorphus Willk., Icon. Descr. Pl. Nov. 2: 19 (1856), p.p., nom. illeg.
Cistus polymorphus var. leiocarpus Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 2: 261 (1895).
Cistus polymorphus f. leiocarpus (Rouy & Foucaud) Fiori in Fiori & Paol., Fl. Analitica d'Italia 1: 400 (1898).
Cistus polymorphus subvar. leiocarpus (Rouy & Foucaud) Briq., Prodr. Fl. Corse 2(2): 173 (1935).
Cistus polymorphus var. vulgaris Willk., Icon. Descr. Pl. Nov. 2: 22, tab. 81 fig. 1 (1856), nom. illeg.
Cistus ponticus Juz., Spisok Rast. Gerb. Fl. S.S.S.R. Bot. Inst. Vsesojuzn. Akad. Nauk 13: 79 (1955).
Cistus incanus var. reichenbachii Hochr., Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Geneve 7–8: 182 (1904).
Cistus riphienensis Pau, Bol. Soc. Ibér. Ci. Nat. 31(10): 97 (1932 publ. 1934), pro hybr.
Cistus rotundifolius Sweet, Cistineae tab. 75 (1826).
Cistus villosus var. rotundifolius (Sweet) Grosser, Pflanzenr. 14: 16 (1903).
Cistus salviifolius Pall. ex M.Bieb., Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 2: 7 (1808), non L.
Cistus vinyalsii Sennen, Diagn. Nouv. Pl. Espagne Maroc: 179 (1936 publ. 1951) pro hybr.
Cistus vulgaris Spach, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 2, 6: 368 (1836).
Cistus villosus L., Sp. Pl. ed. 2: 736 (1762) (as “Cistus pilosus”, see L., Gen. Pl. ed. 6: pag. ult. 1764.).
Cistus incanus subsp. villosus (L.) Murb., Lunds Univ. Arsskr. 33: 13 (1897).
Cistus incanus var. villosus (L.) Fiori in Fiori & Paol., Fl. Analitica d'Italia 1: 400 (1898).
Cistus polymorphus proles villosus (L.) Samp., Ann. Sci. Acad. Polytechn. Porto 4: 63 (1909), nom. illeg.
Cistus polymorphus subsp. villosus (L.) Willk., Icon. Descr. Pl. Nov. 2: 22 (1857), nom. superfl.
Cistus vulgaris var. villosus (L.) Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. 6: 87 (1838), nom. superfl.
Cistus villosus var. genuinus Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 437 (1867), p.p., nom. inval.

Hybrids

C. × argenteus – C. × canescens – C. × conradiae – C. × crispatus – C. × crumleyae – C. × cymosus – C. × escartianus – C. × gardianus – C. × latipes – C. × lucasii – C. × olivaceus – C. × purpureus – C. × ralletii – C. × sammonsii – C. × strigosus – C. × tephreus
Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe
Regional: Southwestern Europe
Baleares (Menorca), Corse, Sardegna, Spain
Regional: Southeastern Europe
Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Sicilia (Sicily, Malta), Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia (Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro)
Regional: Eastern Europe
Krym
Continental: Africa
Regional: North Africa
Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
Continental: Asia-Temperate
Regional: Western Asia
Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Lebanon-Syria (Lebanon, Syria), Palestine (Israel, Jordan), Turkey
Regional: Caucasus
Transcaucasia
Continental: Australasia
Regional: Australia
Victoria (naturalized), Tasmania (naturalized)
Regional: New Zealand
New Zealand North (naturalized), New Zealand South (naturalized)
Continental: Northern America
Regional: Southwestern U.S.A.
California (naturalized)

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

Cistus creticus

References
Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1759. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Tomus II. Editio decima, reformata. Holmiæ: impensis direct. Laurentii Salvii. i–iv+825–1384 pp DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542: 1077. Reference page.

Additional references

Heywood, V.H. (ed.) 1968. Notulae systematicae ad Floram Europaeam spectantes, no. 7. Feddes Repertorium 79(1/2): 57–61. DOI: 10.1002/fedr.19680790102 Reference page.
Australian Plant Name Index (APNI) Cistus creticus Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian National Botanic Gardens & Australian National Herbarium. Accessed: 2015 Jun 21.
Demoly, J.-P. & Montserrat, P. 1993. Cistus. In: Castroviejo, S. & al. (eds.). Flora Ibérica, Plantas Vasculares de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares, Vol. III. Plumbaginaceae (partim) – Capparaceae. Real Jardín Botánico, C.S.I.C., Madrid, ISBN 84-00-07375-4, pp. 319–337 (!322–323) (PDF). Reference page.
Demoly, J.-P. 1996. Les hybrides binaires rares du genre Cistus L. (Cistaceae). Anales del Jardin Botánico de Madrid 54(1): 241–254. PDF. Reference page.
Greuter, W., Burdet, H.M. & Long, G. (eds.) 1984. Med-Checklist. A critical inventory of vascular plants of the circum-mediterranean countries. Vol. 1: Pteridophyta (ed. 2), Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones (Acanthaceae – Cneoraceae). c + 330 pp., Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques, Genève 1984. ISBN 2-8277-0151-0. Online version. Reference page. pp. 315–316 (Cistus creticus).
Greuter, W. & Rechinger, K.H. 1967. Flora der Insel Kythera, gleichzeitig Beginn einer nomenklatorischen Überprüfung der griechischen Gefässpflanzenarten. Boissiera 13: 1–206 (!53–54). PDF Reference page.
The Plant List 2013. Cistus creticus in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2015 Jun 13.
USDA NRCS PLANTS Profile
Sweet, R. 1825–1830. Cistineae. The natural order of cistus, or rock-rose. J. Ridgway, London, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.20402. Reference page.
Webb, C.J., Sykes, W.R. & Garnock-Jones, P.J. 1988. Flora of New Zealand. Volume IV: Naturalised Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, Dicotyledons. Christchurch: Botany Division, LXVIII, 1365 pp., ISBN 0-477-02529-3. Online. Reference page.

Vernacular names
català: Estepa menorquina
Deutsch: Kretische Zistrose

Ελληνικά, Κυπριακά: Ξισταριά, Λαδανιά

español: Jara macho

Cistus creticus (pink rock-rose, hoary rock-rose) is a species of shrubby plant in the family Cistaceae. Though it usually has pink flowers, of 4.5–5 cm diameter, this species is very variable. It is widely known as a decorative plant. It is frequently called "Cistus incanus". (The true Cistus × incanus is the hybrid C. albidus × C. crispus.[1])

Taxonomy

The name Cistus creticus was first used by Carl Linnaeus in 1762.[2] Confusion exists between this name and one published earlier by Linnaeus, Cistus incanus. As used by many authors, but not Linnaeus, the name "C. incanus" is taken to refer to Cistus creticus, particularly C. creticus subsp. eriocephalus.[3]
Subtaxa

Cistus creticus subsp. creticus
Cistus creticus subsp. corsicus (syn. Cistus × incanus subsp. corsicus)
Cistus creticus subsp. eriocephalus[4]
Cistus creticus f. albus

There are also several well-known cultivars, such as 'Lasithi' with compact, rounded flowers.
Phylogeny

Cistus creticus belongs to the clade of species with purple and pink flowers (the "purple pink clade" or PPC), in a subclade with C. heterophyllus and C. albidus.
Species-level cladogram of Cistus species.
 
 

Halimium spp.             PPC           Cistus crispus                     Cistus asper         Cistus chinamadensis         Cistus horrens         Cistus ocreatus         Cistus osbeckiifolius         Cistus palmensis         Cistus symphytifolius                 Cistus heterophyllus               Cistus albidus         Cistus creticus                   Halimium spp.         WWPC                 Cistus clusii         Cistus munbyi                 Cistus inflatus         Cistus ladanifer         Cistus laurifolius         Cistus libanotis         Cistus monspeliensis         Cistus parviflorus         Cistus populifolius         Cistus pouzolzii         Cistus salviifolius         Cistus sintenisii             Purple   Pink   Clade   White   Whitish Pink   Clade

Species-level cladogram of Cistus species, based on plastid and nuclear DNA sequences.[5][1][6][7]
References

Guzmán, B. & Vargas, P. (2005), "Systematics, character evolution, and biogeography of Cistus L. (Cistaceae) based on ITS, trnL-trnF, and matK sequences", Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 37 (3): 644–660, doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.04.026, PMID 16055353, p. 646
"Cistus creticus", The Plant List, retrieved 2015-03-01
"Cistus creticus subsp. eriocephalus", The Plant List, retrieved 2015-03-01
"Cistus creticus". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 14 January 2018.
Guzmán, B. & Vargas, P. (2009). "Historical biogeography and character evolution of Cistaceae (Malvales) based on analysis of plastid rbcL and trnL-trnF sequences". Organisms Diversity & Evolution. 9 (2): 83–99. doi:10.1016/j.ode.2009.01.001.
Guzman, B.; Lledo, M.D. & Vargas, P. (2009). "Adaptive Radiation in Mediterranean Cistus (Cistaceae)". PLOS ONE. 4 (7): e6362. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.6362G. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006362. PMC 2719431. PMID 19668338.
Civeyrel, Laure; Leclercq, Julie; Demoly, Jean-Pierre; Agnan, Yannick; Quèbre, Nicolas; Pélissier, Céline & Otto, Thierry (2011), "Molecular systematics, character evolution, and pollen morphology of Cistus and Halimium (Cistaceae)", Plant Systematics and Evolution, 295 (1–4): 23–54, doi:10.1007/s00606-011-0458-7, S2CID 21995828