Caragana

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Fabales

Familia: Fabaceae
Subfamilia: Faboideae
Tribus: Hedysareae
Genus: Caragana
Subgenera: C. subg. Caragana – C. subg. Frutescentes – C. subg. Jubatae

Species: C. acanthophylla – C. aegacanthoides – C. afghanica – C. alaica – C. alaschanica – C. aliensis – C. alpina – C. ambigua – C. arborescens – C. arcuata – C. aurantiaca – C. balchaschensis – C. beefensis – C. bicolor – C. boisii – C. bongardiana – C. brachypoda – C. brevicalyx – C. brevifolia – C. brevispina – C. bungei – C. buriatica – C. camilli-schneideri – C. campanulata – C. changduensis – C. chinghaiensis – C. cinerea – C. conferta – C. cuneatoalata – C. dasyphylla – C. decorticans – C. densa – C. erinacea – C. franchetiana – C. frutex – C. gerrardiana – C. gobica – C. grandiflora – C. halodendron – C. hopeiensis – C. jubata – C. junatovii – C. kirghisorum – C. korshinskii – C. kozlowii – C. laeta – C. leiocalycina – C. leucophloea – C. leucospina – C. leveillei – C. limprichtii – C. liouana – C. litwinowii – C. maimanensis – C. manshurica – C. media – C. microphylla – C. opulens – C. ordosica – C. oreophila – C. pekinensis – C. pleiophylla – C. polourensis – C. polyacantha – C. potaninii – C. pruinosa – C. przewalskii – C. pumila – C. purdomii – C. pygmaea – C. qingheensis – C. reticulata – C. roborovskyi – C. rosea – C. sajaensis – C. scythica – C. shensiensis – C. sinica – C. soongorica – C. spinifera – C. spinosa – C. stenophylla – C. stipitata – C. sukiensis – C. tangutica – C. tekesiensis – C. tibetica – C. tragacanthoides – C. turkestanica – C. ulicina – C. ussuriensis – C. versicolor – C. zahlbruckneri – C. zaissanica
Source(s) of checklist:
Name

Caragana Fabr. (1763)

Type species: C. arborescens Lam.

Synonyms

Aspalathus Amman, Stirp. Ruth. 203-10 t. 35. 1739, nom. inval.
Aspalathus Amman ex Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 1: 161. 5. 1891, nom. illeg. non Aspalathus L. (1753).
Berberis caraganifolia Banks ex DC.
Halimodendron Fisch. ex DC.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Eurasia
Afghanistan, Altay, Amur, Bulgaria, Buryatiya, Central European Rus, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, East European Russia, East Himalaya, India, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Irkutsk, Kazakhstan, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Krym, Magadan, Manchuria, Mongolia, Nepal, North Caucasus, Pakistan, Pakistan, Primorye, Qinghai, South European Russia, Tadzhikistan, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, West Himalaya, West Siberia, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya
Introduced into:
Baltic States, Belarus, California, Colorado, Czechoslovakia, France, Illinois, Japan, Kamchatka, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, North European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Sakhalin, Vermont, Yukon

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References
Primary references

Lamarck, J.-B. 1783–1785. Encyclopédie méthodique. Botanique. Tome 1. XLIV+752 pp. Panckoucke, Paris; Plomteux, Liége. BHL Reference page. : 1: 615

Additional references

Hou, X., Liu, J. & Zhao, Y.Z. 2008. Molecular phylogeny of Caragana (Fabaceae) in China. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 46(4): 600–607. DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1002.2008.07071

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Caragana in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Feb 02. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2021. Caragana. Published online. Accessed: Feb 02 2021.
Tropicos.org 2021. Caragana. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Feb 02.
Hassler, M. 2021. Caragana. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Feb 02. Reference page.

Vernacular names
беларуская: Карагана
suomi: Hernepensaat
日本語: ムレスズメ属
русский: Карагана

Caragana is a genus of about 80–100 species of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae, native to Asia and eastern Europe.

They are shrubs or small trees growing 1–6 m (3.3–19.7 ft) tall. They have even-pinnate leaves with small leaflets, and solitary or clustered mostly yellow (rarely white or pink) flowers and bearing seeds in a linear pod.

Caragana species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including dark dagger.

Sections and species
Section Bracteolatae

Caragana ambigua Stocks
Caragana bicolor Kom.
Caragana brevispina Royle ex Benth.
Caragana conferta Benth. ex Baker
Caragana franchetiana Kom.
Caragana gerardiana Royle ex Benth.
Caragana jubata (Pall.) Poir.
Caragana sukiensis C.K.Schneid.
Caragana tibetica (Maxim. ex C.K. Schneid.) Kom.

Section Caragana

Caragana arborescens Lam.
Caragana boisii C.K.Schneid.
Caragana bungei Ledeb.
Caragana korshinskii Kom.
Caragana microphylla Lam.
Caragana pekinensis Kom.
Caragana prainii C.K.Schneid.
Caragana purdomii Rehder
Caragana soongorica Grubov
Caragana stipitata Kom.
Caragana turkestanica Kom.
Caragana zahlbruckneri C.K.Schneid.

Section Frutescentes

Caragana aurantiaca Koehne
Caragana brevifolia Kom.
Caragana chinghaiensis Y.X. Liou
Caragana camilli-schneideri Kom.
Caragana frutex (L.) K.Koch
Caragana gobica Sanchir
Caragana kirghisorum Pojark.
Caragana laeta Kom.
Caragana leucophloea Pojark.
Caragana opulens Kom.
Caragana polourensis Franch.
Caragana pygmaea (L.) DC.
Caragana rosea Turcz. ex Kom.
Caragana sinica (Buc'hoz) Rehder
Caragana stenophylla Pojark.
Caragana tangutica Maxim. ex Kom.
Caragana ussuriensis (Regel) Pojark.
Caragana versicolor Benth.

Unnamed section

Caragana bongardiana (Fisch. & C.A. Mey.) Pojark.[4]
Caragana changduensis Y.X. Liou[4]
Caragana pleiophylla (Regel) Pojark.[4]
Caragana roborovskyi Kom.[4]
Caragana tragacanthoides (Pall.) Poir.[4]

Basal species

Caragana acanthophylla Kom.[5]
Caragana dasyphylla Pojark.[5]
Caragana hololeuca Bunge ex Kom.[5]
Caragana spinosa (L.) Vahl ex Hornem.[5]

Incertae sedis

Caragana afghanica Kitam.
Caragana alaica Pojark.
Caragana alaschanica Grubov
Caragana alexeenkoi Kamelin
Caragana alpina Y.X. Liou
Caragana arcuata Y.X. Liou
Caragana balchaschensis (Kom.) Pojark.
Caragana beefensis S.N. Biswas
Caragana brachypoda Pojark.
Caragana buriatica Peschkova
Caragana campanulata Vassilcz.
Caragana cinerea (Kom.) N.S. Pavlova
Caragana crassipina C. Marquand
Caragana cuneato-alata Y.X. Liou
Caragana decorticans Hemsl.
Caragana densa Kom.
Caragana erinacea Kom.
Caragana fruticosa (Pall.) Besser
Caragana grandiflora (M. Bieb.) DC.
Caragana kansuensis Pojark.
Caragana kozlowii Kom.
Caragana leucospina Kom.
Caragana leveillei Kom.
Caragana limprichtii Harms
Caragana litwinowii Kom.
Caragana maimanensis Rech. f.
Caragana manshurica (Kom.) Kom.
Caragana polyacantha Royle
Caragana × prestoniae R.J. Moore
Caragana scythica (Kom.) Pojark.
Caragana shensiensis C.W. Chang
Caragana × sophorifolia Tausch
Caragana spinifera Kom.
Caragana turfanensis (Krasn.) Kom.
Caragana ulicina Stocks

References

Zhang M, Fritsch PW, Cruz BC (2009). "Phylogeny of Caragana (Fabaceae) based on DNA sequence data from rbcL, trnS–trnG, and ITS". Mol Phylogenet Evol. 50 (3): 547–59. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.12.001. PMID 19100848.
Zhang M, Fritsch PW (2010). "Evolutionary response of Caragana (Fabaceae) to Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau uplift and Asian interior aridification". Plant Syst Evol. 288 (3–4): 191–199. doi:10.1007/s00606-010-0324-z.
ILDIS records for genus Caragana
These five species form a well-resolved, unnamed phylogenetic clade that may receive a Linnaean name at some future point.
These species form a grade that may collapse into one or more well-defined clades upon more extensive taxon sampling in molecular phylogenetic analysis.