Buxaceae

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Ordo: Buxales

Familia: Buxaceae
Tribus: Buxeae – Stylocerateae
Genera: Buxus – Didymeles – Haptanthus – Pachysandra – Sarcococca – Styloceras

Name

Buxaceae Dumort., 1822, nom. cons.

Typus: Buxus L. (1753)

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Pachysandraceae J.Agardh, Theoria Syst. Pl.: 358. (1858)
Didymelaceae Leandri (1937)
Stylocerataceae Takht. ex Reveal & Hoogland, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., sér. 4, sect. B Adansonia 12: 206. (1990)
Haptanthaceae C.Nelson, Ceiba, 42(1): 33. (2001)

References

Dumortier, B.C.J. 1822. Commentationes Botanicae 54.
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. 2016. An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 181(1): 1–20. DOI: 10.1111/boj.12385 Reference page.
Von Balthazar, M. & Endress, P.K. 2002. Reproductive structures and systematics of Buxaceae. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 140(3): 193–228. DOI: 10.1046/j.1095-8339.2002.00107.x
International Plant Names Index. 2016. Buxaceae. Published online. Accessed: April 21 2016.
Shipunov, A.B. & Shipunova, E. 2011. Haptanthus story: rediscovery of enigmatic flowering plant from Honduras. American Journal of Botany 98: 761–763. DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1000307
Stevens, P.F. 2001 onwards. Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, July 2017 [and more or less continuously updated since]. Online. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2013. Buxaceae. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2013 September 3.

Vernacular names
العربية: شمشادية
azərbaycanca: Şümşadkimilər
català: Buxàcies
čeština: Zimostrázovité
dansk: Buksbom-familien
Deutsch: Buchsbaumgewächse
English: Boxwood family
Esperanto: Buksacoj
español: Buxáceas
eesti: Pukspuulised
فارسی: شمشادیان
suomi: Puksipuukasvit
Nordfriisk: Boksbuumplaanten
hrvatski: Šimširovke
hornjoserbsce: Pušponowe rostliny
magyar: Puszpángfélék
한국어: 회양목과
kurdî: Famîleya kevotan
lietuvių: Buksmediniai
македонски: Зеленики
Nederlands: Buxusfamilie
norsk: Buksbomfamilien
polski: Bukszpanowate
русский: Самшитовые
svenska: Buxbomsväxter
українська: Самшитові
Tiếng Việt: Họ Hoàng dương
West-Vlams: Busseboomfamilie
中文（简体）: 黄杨科
中文（繁體）: 黃楊科

The Buxaceae are a small family of six genera and about 123 known species[2] of flowering plants. They are shrubs and small trees, with a cosmopolitan distribution. A seventh genus, sometimes accepted in the past (Notobuxus), has been shown by genetic studies to be included within Buxus (Balthazar et al., 2000).

The family is recognised by most taxonomists, and it is commonly known as the box family. However, its placement and circumscription has varied; some taxonomists treated Styloceras in its own family Stylocerataceae, Didymeles in its own family Didymelaceae, Haptanthus in Haptanthaceae (now all included in Buxaceae)[1]), and formerly Simmondsia was included, which is not related and now usually placed in its own family Simmondsiaceae.

The APG II system of 2003 recognises the family, but in a new circumscription in that it includes the genus Didymeles (two species of evergreen trees from Madagascar). However, APG II does allow the option of segregating this genus as family Didymelaceae, as an optional segregate. This represents a slight change from the APG system of 1998, which firmly recognised both families as separate. In both APG and APG II, the family Buxaceae is unplaced as to order and left among the basal lineages of the eudicots. The AP website suggests instating the order Buxales for this family and the family Didymelaceae. In the APG IV system of 2016, Haptanthus and Didymeles are included in Buxaceae, which is the only family in Buxales.[1]
References and external links

Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 181 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1111/boj.12385. ISSN 0024-4074.

Christenhusz, M. J. M. & Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa. 261 (3): 201–217. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1.

Balthazar, M. von, Peter K. Endress, P. K., and Qiu, Y.-L. 2000. Phylogenetic relationships in Buxaceae based on nuclear internal transcribed spacers and plastid ndhF sequences. Int. J. Plant Sci. 161(5): 785–792 (available online).
Buxaceae, Didymelaceae, Stylocerataceae in L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants