Arabis

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids II
Ordo: Brassicales

Familia: Brassicaceae
Tribus: Arabideae
Genus: Arabis
Species: A. aculeolata – A. adpressipilis – A. alanyensis – A. allionii – A. alpina – A. amplexicaulis – A. androsacea – A. arabiformis – A. aubrietioides – A. aucheri – A. auriculata – A. balansae – A. beirana – A. bijuga – A. blepharophylla – A. borealis – A. brachycarpa – A. bryoides – A. caerulea – A. carduchorum – A. caucasica – A. ciliata – A. colchica – A. collina – A. conringioides – A. cretica – A. crucisetosa – A. cypria – A. davisii – A. deflexa – A. doberanica – A. doumetii – A. drabiformis – A. elgonensis – A. erecta – A. erikii – A. erubescens – A. eschscholtziana – A. farinacea – A. ferdinandi-coburgii – A. flagellosa – A. flaviflora – A. furcata – A. gegamica – A. georgiana – A. hirsuta – A. hornungiana – A. humbertii – A. ionocalyx – A. jaborneggii – A. josiae – A. juressi – A. kaynakiae – A. kazbegi – A. kennedyae – A. lycia – A. margaritae – A. mcdonaldiana – A. modesta – A. mollis – A. montbretiana – A. nemorensis – A. nepetifolia – A. nipponica – A. nordmanniana – A. nova – A. nuristanica – A. nuttallii – A. olympica – A. oregana – A. ottonis-schulzii – A. paniculata – A. parvula – A. patens – A. planisiliqua – A. procurrens – A. pterosperma – A. pubescens – A. pumila – A. purpurea – A. pycnocarpa – A. rosea – A. sachokiana – A. sadina – A. sagittata – A. scabra – A. scopoliana – A. serpyllifolia – A. serrata – A. shengkuangshanensis – A. soyeri – A. stelleri – A. stellulata – A. stenocarpa – A. subflava – A. sudetica – A. surculosa – A. takesimana – A. tanakana – A. tianschanica – A. tunetana – A. verdieri – A. verna – A. watsonii
Source(s) of checklist:

Artificial nothospecies: A. × arendsii – A. × kellereri
Name

Arabis L., Sp. Pl. 2: 664. (1753); Gen. Pl. ed. 5: 298 (1754).

Lectotype species: Arabis alpina L., Sp. Pl. 2: 664. (1753), designated by N.L. Britton & A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N.U.S. ed. 2. 2: 178 (1913), supported by M.L. Green, Prop. Brit. Bot.: 171 (1929).

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Abasicarpon Andrz. ex Rchb. in J.C.Mössler, Handb. Gewächsk. ed. 2, 2: 1150 (1828).
Abazicarpus Andrz. ex DC., Syst. Nat. 2: 213 (1821).
Arabidium Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. 6: 436 (1838).
Arabisa Rchb., Handb. Nat. Pfl.-Syst. 260 (1837).
Parryodes Jafri, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 207 (1957).

References
Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 664. Reference page.
Linnaeus, C. 1754. Genera Plantarum, ed. 5: 298. Reference page.

Additional references

Britton, N.L. & Brown, A. 1913. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British possessions: from Newfoundland to the parallel of the southern boundary of Virginia, and from the Atlantic Ocean westward to the 102d meridian. ed. 2. C. Scribner's sons, New York. Vol. 2: 178. Reference page.
Hitchcock, A.S. & Green, M.L. 1929. Standard species of Linnaean genera of Phanerogamae (1753–1754). pp. 111–195 in International Botanical Congress. Cambridge (England), 1930. Nomenclature. Proposals by British Botanists. His Majesty's Stationery Office, London. Biblioteca Digital Reference page.
Busch, N.A. 1939. Arabis. Pp. 172–197 in Komarov, V.L. & Busch, N.A. (eds.), Flora URSS (Flora Unionis Rerumpublicarum Sovieticarum Socialisticarum) VIII. [Capparidaceae, Cruciferae and Resedaceae] [in Russian]. xxx + 692 pp., Academia Scientiarum URSS, Mosqua, Leningrad. DJVU English translation: 524 pp. BHL Reference page.
Jones, B.M.G. 1964. Arabis. Pp. 290–294 in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (eds.) , Flora Europaea. Volume 1: Lycopodiaceae to Platanaceae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (UK), xxxii + 464 pp. Reference page.
Cullen, J. 1965. Arabis. Pp. 422–429 in Davis, P.H. (ed.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 1 (Pteridophyta to Polygalaceae). Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 567 pp. Reference page.
Hedge, I.C. 1968. Arabis. Pp. 201–210 in Hedge, I.C. & Rechinger, K.H., Cruciferae. In: Rechinger, K.H. (ed.) Flora Iranica. Vol. 57. 372 pp., 36 tab., Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt Graz.Reference page.
Hedge, I.C. & Lamond, J.M. 1980. Cruciferae (Arabideae). Pp. 997–1014 in Townsend, C.C. & Guest, E.R. (eds.), Flora of Iraq. Volume Four, Part Two. Bignoniaceae to Resedaceae. pp. 628–1199. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad. Reference page.
Davis, P.H., Mill, R.R. & Tan, K. 1988. Arabis. Pp. 49 in Davis, P.H., Mill, R.R. & Tan, K. (eds.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 10 (Supplement). Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, xxi + 590 pp., ISBN 0-85224-559-9. Reference page.

Cheo, T., Lu, L., Yang, G., Al-Shehbaz, I.A. & Dorofeev, V. 2001. Arabis. Pp. 113–118 in Wu, Zh.Y. & Raven, P.H. (eds.), Flora of China. Volume 8: Brassicaceae through Saxifragaceae. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, ISBN 0-915279-93-2. efloras PDF Reference page.
Mutlu, B. 2002. Revision of Arabis genus in Turkey. Hacettepe University, Ankara. 359 pp. Reference page.
Al-Shehbaz, I.A. 2003 Transfer of most North American species of Arabis to Boechera (Brassicaceae). Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature 13(4): 381–391. DOI: 10.2307/3393366 Full text BHL Reference page.
Al-Shehbaz, I.A. 2005. Nomenclatural notes on Eurasian Arabis (Brassicaceae). Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature 1(4): 519–524. Full text BHL Reference page.
Yıldırımlı, Ş. 2000. Arabis. Pp. 37–38 in Güner, A., Özhatay, N., Ekim, T. & Başer, K.H.C. (eds.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 11 (Supplement 2). Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 656 pp., ISBN 0-7486-1409-5. Reference page.
Alexander, P.J., Windham, M.D., Beck, J.B., Al-Shehbaz, I.A., Allphin, L. & Bailey, C.D. 2013. Molecular phylogenetics and taxonomy of the genus Boechera and related genera (Brassicaceae: Boechereae). Systematic Botany 38(1): 192–209. DOI: 10.1600/036364413X661917 Full text PDF from ResearchGate Reference page.

Links

International Plant Names Index. 2016. Arabis. Published online. Accessed: Nov. 22 2016.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Arabis in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2019 Dec. 17. Reference page.
Koch, M.A. et al. 2019. Arabis in BrassiBase Tools and biological resources to study characters and traits in the Brassicaceae. Published online. Accessed: 2019 Dec. 17.
Tropicos.org 2016. Arabis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 26 Nov. 2016.
Farr, E.R. & Zijlstra, G. (eds.) 1996 onwards. Arabis in Index Nominum Genericorum (Plantarum). Accessed: 2021 Apr 10.

Vernacular names
azərbaycanca: Ərəbotu
čeština: huseník
dansk: Kalkkarse
Deutsch: Gänsekressen
English: Rock Cresses
eesti: Hanerohi
suomi: Pitkäpalot
français: Arabette
עברית: ארביס
hornjoserbsce: Husowka
հայերեն: Արաբախոտ, ծնկածաղիկ, արաբիկ
қазақша: Ақшешек
한국어: 장대나물속
lietuvių: Vaistutis
Nederlands: Scheefkelk
norsk nynorsk: Skrinneblomslekta
polski: Gęsiówka
русский: Резуха
slovenčina: arábka
svenska: Travar
中文: 南芥属

Arabis /ˈærəbɪs/,[1] or rockcress, is a genus of flowering plants, within the family Brassicaceae.

Description

The species are herbaceous, annual or perennial plants, growing to 10–80 cm tall, usually densely hairy, with simple entire to lobed leaves 1–6 cm long, and small white four-petaled flowers. The fruit is a long, slender capsule containing 10-20 or more seeds. Natural habitat for Arabis species is rocky mountain/cliff sides or dry sites.[2] Cultivation of Arabis is best suited for rock gardens or container gardens.[1] This genus is pollinated by members of Apieae and Lepidoptera.[2]
Arabis procurrens flowers
Arabis aculeolata
Siliques of Arabis turrita
Taxonomy

Though traditionally recognized as a large genus with many Old World and New World members, more recent evaluations of the relationships among these species using genetic data suggest there are two major groups within the old genus Arabis. These two groups are not each other's closest relatives, so have been split into two separate genera. Most of the Old World members remain in the genus Arabis, whereas most of the New World members have been moved into the genus Boechera, with only a few remaining in Arabis.[3][4]
Species
Main article: List of Arabis species

Selected species

Arabis aculeolata
Arabis alpina (alpine rockcress)
Arabis armena (Armenian rockcress)
Arabis auriculata
Arabis blepharophylla (coast rockcress)
Arabis caucasica
Arabis cypria
Arabis glabra (tower mustard)
Arabis hirsuta (hairy rockcress)
Arabis kazbegi (Kazbegian rockcress)
Arabis kennedyae
Arabis lemmonii
Arabis macdonaldiana
Arabis procurrens (spreading rock cress)
Arabis pycnocarpa (slender rock cress)
Arabis scabra (Bristol rockcress)
Arabis serotina

Cultivation

Some species, notably Arabis alpina, are cultivated as ornamental plants in gardens. Many others are regarded as weeds.
References

Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607
"Arabis caucasica Rock Cress, Wall Rockcress PFAF Plant Database". pfaf.org. Retrieved 2019-03-17.
Al-Shehbaz, Ihsan. Transfer of most North American species of Arabis to Boechera (Brassicaceae). Novon 13: 381-391 (2003)
Al-Shehbaz, Ihsan. Nomenclatural Notes on Eurasian Arabis (Brassicaceae). Novon 15: 519-524 (2005)