Aphyllorchis

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Orchidaceae
Subfamilia: Epidendroideae
Tribus: Neottieae
Genus: Aphyllorchis
Overview of species (19)

A. acuminata – A. alpina – A. angustipetala – A. anomala – A. caudata – A. evrardii – A. exilis – A. gollanii – A. halconensis – A. kemulensis – A. maliauensis – A. montana – A. pallida – A. queenslandica – A. siantanensis – A. simplex – A. spiculaea – A. striata – A. sumatrana
Name

Aphyllorchis Blume, Tab. Pl. Jav. Orchid.: t. 16, f. 77 (1825)

Type species: Aphyllorchis pallida Blume, Tab. Pl. Jav. Orchid.: t. 16, f. 77 (1825)

Synonymy

Heterotypic
Sinorchis S.C.Chen, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 16(4): 82 (1978)

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Asia-Temperate
China
China South-Central, China Southeast, Hainan, Tibet.
Eastern Asia
Japan, Nansei-shoto, Taiwan.
Asia-Tropical
Indian Subcontinent
Assam, East Himalaya, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, West Himalaya.
Indo-China
Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam.
Malesia
Borneo, Jawa, Malaya, Maluku, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatera.
Papuasia
New Guinea.
Australasia
Australia
Queensland.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Blume, C.L. 1825. Tabellen en Platen voor de Javaansche Orchide, f. 77.
Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.W. & Rasmussen, F.N. (eds.) 2006. Genera Orchidacearum Volume 4 Epidendroideae (Part one); page 496 ff., Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-850712-7. Reference page.

Links

'eFloras 2009. Aphyllorchis in Flora of China vol. 25 Orchidaceae --> pdf Aphyllorchis
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Aphyllorchis in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 June 7. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Aphyllorchis in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 June 7. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Aphyllorchis. Published online. Accessed: 7 June 2020.
The Plant List 2013. Aphyllorchis in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 June 7.
Tropicos.org 2020. Aphyllorchis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 June 7.

Vernacular names

English: Pauper orchids
中文: 无叶兰属

Aphyllorchis, commonly known as pauper orchids[2] or as 無葉蘭屬/无叶兰属 (wu ye lan shu),[3] is a genus of about twenty species of terrestrial leafless orchids in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus have fleshy, upright stems and small to medium-sized resupinate flowers with narrow sepals and petals. They are native to a region extending from India east to China and Japan, south to, Indonesia, New Guinea and Queensland.

Description

Orchids in the genus Aphyllorchis are leafless, terrestrial, mycotrophic herbs. A few to many flowers are borne on an erect, usually fleshy, unbranched flowering stem. The flowers are resupinate, more or less cup-shaped with the sepals and petals free from each other and similar in length but with the dorsal sepal curving forwards. The labellum is larger than the sepals and petals, boat-shaped and divided into two main sections, an upper "epichile" and lower "hypochile". The epichile is attached to the base of the column and the hypochile often with two lobes and turned downwards.[2][3][4]
Taxonomy and naming

The genus Aphyllorchis was first formally described in 1825 by Carl Ludwig Blume and the description was published in his book Tabellen en Platen voor de Javaansche Orchideeen.[1][5] The name Aphyllorchis is derived from the Ancient Greek words aphyllos meaning "without leaves"[6] and orchis meaning "testicle" or "orchid".[6]: 788 
List of species

The following is a list of species of Aphyllorchis recognised by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families as at October 2018:[1]

Aphyllorchis acuminata J.J.Sm.
Aphyllorchis alpina King & Pantl.
Aphyllorchis angustipetala J.J.Sm.
Aphyllorchis anomala Dockrill
Aphyllorchis arfakensis J.J.Sm.
Aphyllorchis caudata Rolfe ex Downie
Aphyllorchis elata Schltr.
Aphyllorchis evrardii Gagnep.
Aphyllorchis exilis Schltr.
Aphyllorchis gollani Duthie
Aphyllorchis halconensis Ames
Aphyllorchis kemulensis J.J.Sm.
Aphyllorchis montana Rchb.f.
Aphyllorchis montana var. montana
Aphyllorchis montana f. pingtungensis T.P.Lin
Aphyllorchis montana var. rotundipetala (C.S.Leou, S.K.Yu & C.T.Lee) T.P.Lin
Aphyllorchis pallida Blume
Aphyllorchis queenslandica Dockrill
Aphyllorchis siantanensis J.J.Sm.
Aphyllorchis simplex Tang & F.T.Wang
Aphyllorchis spiculaea Rchb.f.
Aphyllorchis striata (Ridl.) Schltr.
Aphyllorchis sumatrana J.J.Sm.

Distribution and habitat

Most species in the genus Aphyllorchis grows at low altitudes in wet forests, often near streams. They are found in India, Sri Lanka, China, Japan, Taiwan, Thailand, Myanmar, Malaysia, the Philippines,, Indonesia, New Guinea and Australia. Two species are endemic to tropical Queensland and one to China.[2][3][4]

References

"Aphyllorchis". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 366. ISBN 1877069124.
Chen, Xinqi; Gale, Stephen W. "Aphyllorchis". Flora of China. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
"Aphyllorchis". Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
"Aphyllorchis". APNI. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.: 122