Andira

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Fabales

Familia: Fabaceae
Subfamilia: Faboideae
Tribus: Dalbergieae
Genus: Andira
Species: A. anthelmia – A. carvalhoi – A. chigorodensis – A. cordata – A. coriacea – A. cubensis – A. cujabensis – A. fraxinifolia – A. galeottiana – A. grandistipula – A. humilis – A. inermis – A. jaliscensis – A. legalis – A. macrocarpa – A. macrothyrsa – A. marauensis – A. micrantha – A. multistipula – A. nitida – A. ormosioides – A. parviflora – A. praecox – A. spectabilis – A. surinamensis – A. taurotesticulata – A. tervequinata – A. trifoliolata – A. unifoliolata – A. vermifuga – A. zehntneri
Source(s) of checklist:
Name

Andira Lam., 1783

Type species: Geoffroea inermis W.Wright.

Synonyms

Lumbricidia Vell.
Poltolobium C.Presl
Skolemora Arruda
Spigelia P.Browne

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: America & Africa
Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Burkina, Cameroon, Central African Repu, Chad, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Florida, French Guiana, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Mali, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Senegal, Sudan, Suriname, Togo, Trinidad-Tobago, Uganda, Venezuela, Windward Is.
Introduced into:
Argentina Northeast, India, Malaya, Sri Lanka, Tanzania

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References
Primary references

Lamarck, J.-B. 1783–1785. Encyclopédie méthodique. Botanique. Tome 1. XLIV+752 pp. Panckoucke, Paris; Plomteux, Liége. BHL Reference page. : 1: 171

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Andira in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Nov 06. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Andira. Published online. Accessed: Nov 06 2020.
Tropicos.org 2020. Andira. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Nov 06.
Catalogue of Life: 2020 Annual Checklist

Vernacular names
العربية: أنديرة
日本語: アンディラ属
മലയാളം: അന്തിര

Andira is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It is distributed in the tropical Americas, except for A. inermis, which also occurs in Africa.[2] It was formerly assigned to the tribe Dalbergieae, but recent molecular phylogenetic evidence has placed it in a unique clade named the Andira clade.[3][4]

Compared to other Faboideae the genus has unusual systems of root nodules[2] and fruits, which are drupes. In most species the fruits are dispersed by bats, and in some they are dispersed by rodents. They may also be dispersed on water.[5]

Plants of the genus are used in traditional medicine in Brazil to treat fever and as purgatives and vermifuges. The treatments are toxic in high doses, however. Chemical compounds isolated from the genus include isoflavones, flavanols, glycosides, pterocarpans, chromone, and ursolic acid.[6]
Species

Andira comprises the following species:[6][7][8][9]

Andira acuminata Benth.
Andira anthelmia (Vell.) J.F. Macbr.
Andira bahiensis N.F. Mattos
Andira carvalhoi R.T. Penn. & H.C. Lima
Andira cordata R.T. Penn. & H.C. Lima
Andira coriacea Pulle—St. Martin rouge
Andira cubensis Benth.
Andira cuiabensis Benth.
Andira fraxinifolia Benth.
Andira frondosa C. Mart.[10]
Andira galeottiana Standl.
Andira grandistipula Amshoff
Andira handroana N.F. Mattos
Andira humilis Mart. ex Benth.[11]
Andira inermis (Wright) DC.—angelin, cabbagebark, cabbagetree
subsp. glabricalyx R. T. Penn.
subsp. inermis (Wright) DC.
subsp. rooseveltii (De Wild.) J. B. Gillett ex Polhill
Andira kuhlmannii N.F. Mattos
Andira landroana N.F. Mattos
Andira legalis (Vell.) Toledo
Andira macrothyrsa Ducke
Andira marauensis N.F. Mattos
Andira micans Taub.
Andira micrantha Ducke
Andira multistipula Ducke
Andira nitida Benth.
Andira ormosioides Benth.
Andira paniculata Benth.
Andira parviflora Ducke
Andira parvifolia Benth.
Andira pernambucensis N.F. Mattos
Andira pisonis Benth.[12]
Andira riparia Kunth
Andira rosea Benth.
Andira sapindoides (DC.) Benth.
Andira skolemora H. Kost.
Andira spectabilis Saldanha
Andira spinulosa Benth.
Andira surinamensis (Bondt) Pulle
Andira trifoliolata Ducke
Andira unifoliolata Ducke
Andira vermifuga Benth.
Andira villosa Kleinhoonte
Andira zehntneri Harms

Nomina Dubia

The following species are of uncertain validity:[7]

Andira araroba (Aguiar.) See Araroba powder, Mrs. M. Grieve. A Modern Herbal.
Andira chigorodensis R.T.Penn.
Andira chiricana Pittier
Andira harfieldii Leschenault de la Tour
Andira jaliscensis R.T. Penn.
Andira macrocarpa R.T.Penn.
Andira microcarpa Griseb.
Andira oblonga Benth.
Andira praecox Arroyo ex R.T. Penn.
Andira taurotesticulata R.T. Penn.
Andira tervequinata R.T. Penn., G.A. Aymard & Cuello

Andira fraxinifolia
Andira vermifuga
References

Pennington RT. (2002). "(1533) Proposal to change the authorship of Andira, nom. cons. (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae) and to conserve it with a conserved type". Taxon. 51 (2): 385–386. doi:10.2307/1554939. JSTOR 1554939.
Pennington RT. (2003). "A monograph of Andira (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae)". Syst Bot Monogr. 64: 1–145. doi:10.2307/25027903. JSTOR 25027903. Archived from the original on 2014-02-22. Retrieved 2014-02-14.
Cardoso D, Pennington RT, de Queiroz LP, Boatwright JS, Van Wykd B-E, Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M (2013). "Reconstructing the deep-branching relationships of the papilionoid legumes" (PDF). S Afr J Bot. 89: 58–75. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2013.05.001.
Cardoso D, de Queiroz LP, Pennington RT, de Lima HC, Fonty É, Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M (2012). "Revisiting the phylogeny of papilionoid legumes: new insights from comprehensively sampled early-branching lineages". Am J Bot. 99 (12): 1991–2013. doi:10.3732/ajb.1200380. PMID 23221500.
Pennington RT, Gemeinholzer B (2000). "Cryptic clades, fruit wall morphology and biology of Andira (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae)". Bot J Linn Soc. 134 (1–2): 267–86. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2000.tb02354.x.
da Silva VC, de Carvalho MG, da Cunha e Silva SL (2007). "Chemical constituents from roots of Andira anthelmia (Leguminosae)". Rev Latinoamer Quím. 35 (1–2): 13–19. Archived from the original on 2010-05-23.
"The Plant List entry for Andira". The Plant List. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and the Missouri Botanical Garden. 2013. Retrieved 15 February 2014.
"ILDIS LegumeWeb entry for Andira". International Legume Database & Information Service. Cardiff School of Computer Science & Informatics. Retrieved 15 February 2014.
USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. "GRIN species records of Andira". Germplasm Resources Information Network—(GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 15 February 2014.
Some sources treat Andira frondosa as a synonym of Andira legalis.
Different sources disagree on whether the binomial Andira humilis or the binomial Andira laurifolia has priority.
Some sources treat Andira pisonis as a synonym of Andira fraxinifolia.