Adonis

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Ordo: Ranunculales

Familia: Ranunculaceae
Subfamilia: Ranunculoideae
Tribus: Adonideae
Genus: Adonis
Sectiones: A. sect. Adonis – A. sect. Consiligo
Overview of species (34)

A. aestivalis – A. aleppica – A. amurensis – A. annua – A. bobroviana – A. chrysocyathus – A. coerulea – A. cretica – A. cullelli – A. cyllenea – A. davidii – A. dentata – A. distorta – A. eriocalycina – A. flammea – A. globosa – A. hybrida – A. leiosepala – A. microcarpa – A. mongolica – A. multiflora – A. nepalensis – A. palaestina – A. pyrenaica – A. ramosa – A. scrobiculata – A. shikokuensis – A. sibirica – A. sutchuenensis – A. tianschanica – A. turkestanica – A. vernalis – A. villosa – A. wolgensis
Nothospecies:

A. × hybrida
Name

Adonis L., Sp. Pl. 1: 547 (1753), nom. cons..

Type species: Adonis annua L., Sp. Pl. 1: 547 (1753), typ. cons..

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Adonanthe Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. Phan. 7: 227 (1839).
Adoniastrum Schur, Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 15(2): 27 (1877).
Cosmarium Dulac, Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 215 (1867), non Ralfs (1848).
Chrysocyathus Falc., Proc. Linn. Soc. London 1: 17 (1839).

References
Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 547. Reference page.

Links

Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2022. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Adonis. Accessed: 2022 Jan 30.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Adonis in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 Jan 30. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2022. Adonis. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2022. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2022 Jan 30. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2022. Adonis. Published online. Accessed: 30 Jan 2022.
Tropicos.org 2022. Adonis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 30 Jan 2022.

Vernacular names

العربية: أدونيس
azərbaycanca: Xoruzgülü
български: Гороцвет
čeština: Hlaváček
Cymraeg: Blodau'r gwynt
dansk: Adonis-slægten
Deutsch: Adonisröschen
dolnoserbski: Adonisowa rožycka
English: Pheasant's eye
Esperanto: Adonido
فارسی: چشم خروس
suomi: Ruusuleinikit
עברית: דמומית
hornjoserbsce: Horiwka
magyar: Hérics
հայերեն: Կուժկոտրուկ
日本語: フクジュソウ属
ქართული: ცხვირისატეხელა
қазақша: Жанаргүл
한국어: 복수초속
македонски: Гороцвет
Nederlands: Adonis
Picard: Brun·nète
polski: Miłek
русский: Адонис
slovenčina: Hlaváčik
svenska: Adonissläktet
українська: Горицвіт
中文: 側金盞花屬

Adonis is a genus of about 20–30 species of flowering plants of the crowfoot family, Ranunculaceae, native to Europe and Asia.

The species grow to 10–40 centimetres (3.9–15.7 in) in height, with feathery, finely divided leaves. Their flowers are red, yellow or orange and have 5–30 petals. The Autumn Adonis, pheasant's-eye (A. annua), has flowers with bright red petals.

The generic name Adonis refers to the mythical character Adonis, a lover of the goddess Aphrodite or Venus, and of Persephone, goddess of the underworld. Red flowers of the Adonis genus are said to have grown from the grave of Adonis, after he was slain by a wild boar possessed with unusual viciousness through instigation by the jealous Ares.[1] According to the Metamorphoses of Ovid[2] the anemone, also of the family Ranunculaceae, was created when Venus sprinkled nectar on his blood.

Selected species

Adonis aestivalis - summer pheasant's-eye
Adonis aleppica
Adonis amurensis - Far East Amur adonis
Adonis annua (syn. A. autumnalis) - pheasant's-eye or blooddrops
Adonis bobroviana
Adonis chrysocyathus
Adonis coerulea
Adonis cyllenea
Adonis davidii
Adonis dentata
Adonis distorta
Adonis flammea
Adonis microcarpa
Adonis nepalensis
Adonis palaestina
Adonis pyrenaica from the Pyrenees, has thick foliage and large golden yellow flowers in early summer.
Adonis ramosa
Adonis sibirica
Adonis sutchuenensis
Adonis tianschanica
Adonis vernalis - spring pheasant's-eye
Adonis volgensis

Cultivation and uses

They are cultivated for use in gardens, and have been introduced to North America. Adonis spp. contain poisonous chemicals similar to those found in many other genera in the Ranunculaceae.
See also

Herbalism

References

Kerényi, Kàroly (17 January 1980). The Gods of the Greeks. Thames Hudson. ISBN 0500270481.
Ovid Metamorphoses X 519-741