Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Fungi
Subregnum: Dikarya
Divisio: Ascomycota
Subdivisio: Pezizomycotina
Classis: Lecanoromycetes
Subclassis: Lecanoromycetidae
Ordo: Lecanorales
Familia: Parmeliaceae
SubFamilia: Protoparmelioideae
Genus: Protoparmelia
Species: P. atriseda – P. australiensis – P. badia – P. badiola – P. cupreobadia – P. effigurans – P. gesamia – P. hesperia – P. hierrensis – P. hypotremella – P. leproloma – P. loricata – P. megalosporoides – P. memnonia – P. microspora – P. montagnei – P. nebulosa – P. nephaea – P. nitens – P. ochrococca – P. oleagina – P. olivascens – P. phaeonesos – P. picea – P. placentiformis – P. psarophana – P. rhombosporea – P. rogersii – P. ryaniana
Name
Protoparmelia M.Choisy, 1929
Synonymy
Maronina Hafellner & R.W. Rogers, in Jahns, Biblthca Lichenol. 38: 100 (1990)
Family: Lecanoraceae (Source: Ryan et al., 2004, p. 425)
Note: The Dictionary of the Fungi, 10th edition (2008) puts Protoparmelia in the family, Parmeliaceae.
Type: Protoparmelia badia (Hoffm.) Hafellner
Life habit: Lichenized, sometimes lichenicolous when young.
References
M. Choisy, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 76: 523 (1929)
Choisy, M. (1929) Genres nouveaux pour la lichénologie dans le groupe des Lecanoracées. - Bulletin de la Societé Botanique de France\Bull. Soc. Bot. France 76: 521–527. (Mattick Rec.# 25962 - Literature on Lichens)
Coppins, B.J. (1992) Protoparmelia M. Choisy (1929), pp. 501-503 in Purvis, O.W., Coppins, B.J., Hawksworth, D.L., James, P.W. and Moore, D.M. (eds.) The lichen flora of Great Britain and Ireland: Nat. Hist. Mus. Publ. (RLL List # 151 / Rec. # 15105 - Recent Literature on Lichens)
Elix, J.A. [From Flora of Australia volume 57 (2009)] (Discussion of the genus Protoparmelia)
Foucard, T. (1990) Svenks Skorplavs Flora. Stockholm: Interpublishing; 306 pp. (RLL List # / Rec. # 5962 - Recent Literature on Lichens)
Hafellner, J. (1984) Studien in Richtung einer naturlicheren Gliederung der Sammelfamilien Lecanoraceae und Lecideaceae. - In: H. Hertel & F. Oberwinkler (eds.): Beitrage zur Lichenologie. Festscrift J. Poelt. Beiheft zur Nova Hedwigia 79 . J. Cramer, Vaduz, pp. 241-371. (RLL List # 123-40 / Rec. # 7251 - Recent Literature on Lichens)
Hafellner, J. and Rogers, R.W. (1990) Maronina--a new genus of lichenised ascomycetes (Lecanorales, Lecanoraceae) with multispored asci. - In: H. M. Jahns (ed.): Contributions to Lichenology in Honour of A. Henssen. Bibliotheca Lichenologica. No. 38 . J. Cramer, Berlin-Stuttgart, pp. 99-108. (RLL List # 141 / Rec. # 7234 - Recent Literature on Lichens)
Kantvilas, G. and Elix, J.A. (2007) Observations on the genus Maronina. - In: A. Frisch, U. Lange and B. Staiger: Lichenologische Nebenstunden. Contributions to Lichen Taxonomy and Ecology in Honour of Klaus Kalb. Bibliotheca Lichenologica No. 96 . J. Cramer in der Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung, Berlin-Stuttgart, pp. 137-143. (RLL List # 209 / Rec. # 29583 - Recent Literature on Lichens)
Miyawaki, H. (1991) Protoparmelia badia in Japan. Hikobia 11: 29–32. (RLL List # 158 / Rec. # 12876 - Recent Literature on Lichens)
Papong, K.; Kantvilas, G. and Lumbsch, H.T. (2011) Morphological and molecular evidence places Maronina into synonymy with Protoparmelia (Ascomycota: Lecanorales). - The Lichenologist 43 (6): 561–567. (RLL List # 225 / Rec. # 33301 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (doi:10.1017/S0024282911000284)
Poelt, J. and Grube, M. (1992) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Flechtenflora des Himalaya V. Die Gattung Protoparmelia Choisy. Nova Hedwigia 55 (3-4): 391–395 (RLL List # 152 / Rec. # 14727 - Recent Literature on Lichens)
Poelt, J. and Leuckert, C. (1991) Der Formenkreis von Protoparmelia atriseda (Lichenes, Lecanoraceae) in Europa. Nova Hedwigia 52: 39–64. (RLL List # 143 / Rec. # 14747 - Recent Literature on Lichens)
Ryan, B.D, Nash, T.H., III and Hafellner, J. (2004) Protoparmelia (pp. 425-430) In: Nash III, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Diederich, P., Gries, C. and Bungartz, F. (eds.), Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region, Vol. 2. Lichens Unlimited, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 742 pages. (RLL List # 196 / Rec. # 25947 - Recent Literature on Lichens)
van den Boom, P.P.G.; Sipman, H.J.M. and Elix, J.A. (2007) Protoparmelia (pp. 392-393) In: Nash III, T.H., Gries, C., and Bungartz, F. (eds.), Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region, Vol. 3. Lichens Unlimited, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 567 pages. (RLL List # 210 / Rec. # 30426 - Recent Literature on Lichens)
USDA Plants Database
North American Lichen Checklist, Version (#17) 16 May 2011
Index Fungorum
MycoBank
Vernacular names
English: Chocolate rim-lichens, Protoparmelia lichens
Nederlands: Spijkerdrager
Protoparmelia is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Parmeliaceae.[1] The genus has a widespread distribution, and contains 11 species. Protoparmelia was circumscribed by French lichenologist Maurice Choisy in 1929.[2]
Species
Protoparmelia atriseda (Fr.) R.Sant. & V.Wirth (1987)
Protoparmelia badia (Hoffm.) Hafellner (1984)
Protoparmelia ewersii Elix & P.M.McCarthy (2017)[3] – Australia
Protoparmelia hierrensis van den Boom & Ertz (2012)
Protoparmelia megalosporoides Weerakoon & Aptroot (2013)
Protoparmelia memnonia Hafellner & Türk (2001)
Protoparmelia nebulosa Elix & Kantvilas (2009)[4] – Australia
Protoparmelia nephaea (Sommerf.) R.Sant. (1990)
Protoparmelia ochrococca (Nyl.) P.M.Jørg., Rambold & Hertel 1988)
Protoparmelia oleagina (Harm.) Coppins (1992)
Protoparmelia olivascens (Nyl.) Llimona ex Sussey (2011)
Protoparmelia ryaniana van den Boom, Sipman & Elix (2007)
References
Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; LKT, Al-Ani; S, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; Tsurykau, Andrei; Mesic, Armin; Navathe, Sudhir; Papp, Viktor; Oliveira Fiuza, Patrícia; Vázquez, Víctor; Gautam, Ajay; Becerra, Alejandra G.; Ekanayaka, Anusha; K. C., Rajeshkumar; Bezerra, Jadson; Matočec, Neven; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa; Suetrong, Satinee (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8.
Choisy, M. (1929). "Genres nouveaux pour la lichénologie dans le groupe des Lecanoracées". Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France (in French). 76 (3): 521–527. doi:10.1080/00378941.1929.10837179.
Elix, John A.; McCarthy, Patrick M. (2017). "Six new lichen species (Ascomycota) from Australia". Telopea. 20: 147–163. doi:10.7751/telopea11598.
Elix, John A.; Kantvilas, G. (2009). "A new species of Protoparmelia (lichenized Ascomycota) from Australia". Nova Hedwigia. 89 (3–4): 355–360. doi:10.1127/0029-5035/2009/0089-0355. hdl:1885/57211. S2CID 84989424.
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