Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Fungi
Subregnum: Dikarya
Divisio: Basidiomycota
Subdivisio: Agaricomycotina
Classis: Agaricomycetes
Subclassis: Agaricomycetidae
Ordo: Agaricales
Subordo: Pluteineae
Familia: Pluteaceae
Genus: Pluteus
Species: P. aethalus – P. americanus – P. argentinensis – P. atrofibrillosus – P. aurantiorugosus – P. cervinus – P. crisophaneus – P. crisophlebius – P. cyanopus – P. diptychocystis – P. dominicanus – P. elaphinus – P. elieae – P. eos – P. ephebeus – P. espelatiae – P. eucryphiae – P. exilis – P. glaucus – P. globiger – P. harrisii – P. hibbettii – P. iguazuensis – P. izurun – P. kovalenkoi – P. leucoborealis – P. methvenii – P. neophlebophorus – P. nevadensis – P. nigrolineatus – P. nigrovirdis – P. oreibatus – P. orestes – P. pallescens – P. parilis – P. petasatus – P. pouzarianus – P. shikae – P. rangifer – P. readirum – P. romellii – P. roseipeis – P. sactixaverii – P. salicinus – P. sepiicolor – P. thomsonii – P. umbrosus – P. variabicolor
Name
Pluteus (Fr.) Floram Scanicam: 338. 1836.
Type Species: P. cervinus
(Schaeff.) P.Kumm., 1871
Synonyms
Rhodosporus J.Schröt. Cohn, Kryptog.-Flora von Schlesien 3-1(5): 617. 1889. Index Fungorum
References
Primary references
Fries, E.M. 1835 [1836]. Corpus florarum provincialium Sueciae. I. Floram Scanicam: [i]–xxiv + 1–394. Typis Palmblad, Sebell & Co., Upsalia [Uppsala]. BHL Reference page.
Additional references
Justo, A. & Castro, M.L. 2007: An annotated checklist of Pluteus in the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands. Mycotaxon 102 , pp. 231–234 PDF
Justo, A., M.L. Castro & A. Caballero 2005: Los géneros Pluteus y Volvariella (Basidiomycota, Fungi) en la Rioja (España). Revista Catalana de Micologia 27: 75–84. PDF
McKenzie, E.H.C., P.R. Johnston & P.K. Buchanan 2006: Checklist of fungi on teatree (Kunzea and Leptospermum species) in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 44 (3), 293-335. DOI: 10.1080/0028825X.2006.9513025 PDF
Rodríguez, O., A. Galván-Corona, A.R. Villalobos-Arámbula A. Rodríguez & L. Guzmán-Dávalos 2010: A new species of Pluteus (Pluteaceae, Agaricales) from Mexico. Mycotaxon 112 pp. 163-172. Abstract
Rodríguez, O. & Guzmán-Dávalos, L. 2001: Clave dicotómica de las especies del género Pluteus Fr. (Pluteaceae) conocidas de la región de Nueva Galicia y algunas áreas aledañas, México. Acta Botánica Mexicana 57 , pp. 23-36. PDF
Зеленин, Т. И. НОВЫЕ НАХОДКИ ВИДОВ РОДА SKELETOCUTIS Kotl. & Pouzar Вестник ОГПУ. 2007. № 2 (48)
WRIGHT, Jorge E. y WRIGHT, Alicia M.. Checklist of the Mycobiota of Iguazú National Park (Misiones, Argentina). Bol Soc Argent Bot 40:23-44, 2005
NIVEIRO, Nicolás; POPOFF, Orlando F y ALBERTO, Edgardo O. Contribución al conocimiento de los agaricales S.L. de la Selva Paranaense Argentina. Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. [online]. 2010, vol.45, n.1-2, pp. 17-27
Justo, A., Malysheva, E.F., Bulyonkova, T., Vellinga, E.C., Cobian, G., Nguyen, N., Minnis, A.M. & Hibbett, D.S. 2014. Molecular phylogeny and phylogeography of Holarctic species of Pluteus section Pluteus (Agaricales: Pluteaceae), with description of twelve new species. Phytotaxa 180(1): 1-85. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.180.1.1 Reference page.
Links
Index Fungorum: IF 18315
MycoBank: MB 18315
Vernacular names
čeština: štítovka
русский: Плютей
Pluteus is a large genus of fungi with over 300 species. They are wood rotting saprobes with pink spore prints and gills that are free from the stem.
The Latin word Pluteus means shed or penthouse.[1]
Characteristics of the genus
Characteristics of the Pluteus genus are:[2][3]
These fungi grow on wood or wood remains.
The spore powder is deep pink, soon giving a pink tint to the initially pale gills.
The gills are free from the stipe.
There is no volva or ring (exception: the rare recently reclassified North American species P. mammillatus, previously Chamaeota sphaerospora).[4]
Microscopically, they often have abundant, distinctive cystidia. The spores are smooth and roughly egg-shaped.
Pluteus is separated from Volvariella due to the lack of a volva, and from Entoloma by growing on wood and by microscopic features (Entolomas have angular spores).
Naming
The name Pluteus was established in 1837 by the founding mycologist Elias Magnus Fries at a time when agaric mushrooms were first being assigned to different genera. [5]
The Latin word "pluteus" has various meanings related to military protective structures and its signification here may be that of a shield (the shape of the cap). [6] [7] [8]
Remarks on particular species
Some of these mushrooms are edible including P. petasatus and P. cervinus, though most people rate their taste and consistency as average at best.
Pluteus cervinus is the best known species in Europe and North America.
Several species of this genus bruise blue and contain psilocybin[9] including Pluteus brunneidiscus,[10] Pluteus salicinus, Pluteus cyanopus, Pluteus glaucus, Pluteus nigroviridis, Pluteus phaeocyanopus and Pluteus villosus.[11]
See also
List of Pluteus species
References
The mushroom hunter's field guide By Alexander Hanchett Smith, Nancy S. Weber
Meinhard Moser, translated by Simon Plant: Keys to Agarics and Boleti (Roger Phillips 1983) ISBN 0-9508486-0-3
Courtecuisse, R. & Duhem, B. (1994) "Guide des champignons de France et d'Europe" Delachaux et Niestlé ISBN 2-603-00953-2, also available in English
A. M. Minnis, W. J. Sundberg et al., Annulate Pluteus species, a study of the genus Chamaeota in the United States", MYCOTAXON Vol. 96 pp. 31-39, April-June 2006
"Pluteus page". Species Fungorum. Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Retrieved 2021-01-28.
Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles. "pluteus". A Latin Dictionary. Perseus Digital Library. Retrieved 2021-01-28.
Etymology section of ""Pluteus atromarginatus (Singer) Kuhner - Blackedged Shield"". First Nature. Retrieved 2021-01-28.
The mushroom hunter's field guide By Alexander Hanchett Smith, Nancy S. Weber
G. Guzmán, J. W. Allen & J. Gartz, "A Worldwide Geographical Distribution of the Neurotropic Fungi, an Analysis and Discussion"
Justo, A. & M.L. Castro. (2007). "Observations in Pluteus section Pluteus in Spain: Two new records for Europe". Mycotaxon 102: 209–220.
Fungifama site
Further reading
M. Kuo "The Genus Pluteus"
Gastón Guzmán; John W. Allen; Jochen Gartz (1998). "A worldwide geographical distribution of the neurotropic fungi, an analysis and discussion" (PDF). Annali del Museo Civico di Rovereto (14): 189–280. (on Fondazione Museo Civico di Rovereto)
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