Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Fungi
Subregnum: Dikarya
Divisio: Basidiomycota
Subdivisio: Agaricomycotina
Classis: Agaricomycetes
Subclassis: Agaricomycetidae
Ordo: Agaricales
Subordo: Agaricineae
Familia: Hymenogastraceae
Genus: Phaeocollybia
Phaeocollybia is a genus of fungi in the family Hymenogastraceae.[2] They are characterized by producing fruit bodies (mushrooms) with umbonate caps and rough brown spores. The genus is widely distributed (especially in temperate regions), and contains about 50 species.[3] They are known for a long stipe which continues down into the ground, known as a rooting stipe or pseudorhiza formed as the fruitbody grows up from the subterranean colonized roots well below the organic soil layer. The genus is primarily mycorrhizal but may also be somewhat parasitic on forest trees.[4]
Molecular phylogenetic work during the 2000s suggests a close relationship to Galerina.
Taxonomy
The genus was circumscribed by mycologist Roger Heim in 1931.[5] The name Phaeocollybia is conserved against the earlier but obscure name Quercella. Phaeocollybia means dusky Collybia which actually refers to the brownish spore print in contrast to the white spore print of Collybia in the traditional sense.
Description
Phaeocollybia is defined as mushrooms, with a glutinous or moist or sometimes dry and innately scaly, conic, umbonate cap, a rooting, cartilaginous to wiry stipe, generally lacking a visible veil or cortina or with faint traces, and spores which are brown in deposit. The spores are ornamented but will lack a germ pore or plage. The most distinctive feature microscopically is the presence of tibiiform[6] cystidia or branches on the mycelium and mycorrhizal sheaths.
Name The binomial name of the Phaeocollybia species.
Authority The author citation—the person who first described the species using an available scientific name, eventually combined with the one who placed it in Phaeocollybia, and using standardized abbreviations.
Year The year in which the species was named, or transferred to the genus Phaeocollybia. Where the actual year of publication (as defined for the purpose of priority) differs from the printed date, the date as given on the reference is given in quotes.
Distribution The geographical distribution of the species.
Species
Name Authority Year Distribution
Phaeocollybia amazonica Singer[1] 1962 Bolivia
Phaeocollybia ambigua E.Horak & Halling[2] 1991 Colombia
Phaeocollybia ammiratii Norvell[3] 2000 USA
Phaeocollybia amygdalospora Bandala & E.Horak[4] 1996 Durango
Phaeocollybia arduennensis Bon[5] 1979 France
Phaeocollybia attenuata Singer[6] 1951 USA
Phaeocollybia australiensis B.J.Rees & A.E.Wood[7] 1996 Australia
Phaeocollybia benzokauffmanii Norvell[3] 2000 USA
Phaeocollybia bicolor E.Horak[8] 1977 Papua New Guinea
Phaeocollybia brasiliensis I.A.Aguiar ex Singer[9] 1987 Brazil
Phaeocollybia californica A.H.Sm.[10] 1957 USA
Phaeocollybia carmanahensis Redhead & Norvell[11] 1993 Canada
Phaeocollybia caudata E.Horak & Halling[2] 1991 Colombia
Phaeocollybia christinae (Fr.) R.Heim[12] 1931 Europe, eastern North America
Phaeocollybia cidaris (Fr.) Romagn.[13] 1944 ?
Phaeocollybia columbiana Singer[14] 1970 Colombia
Phaeocollybia coniuncta E.Horak[15] 1980 Sikkim
Phaeocollybia corneri E.Horak[8] 1977 Indonesia, Borneo
Phaeocollybia deceptiva A.H.Sm. & Trappe 1972 USA
Phaeocollybia dissiliens E.Horak[8] 1977 USA
Phaeocollybia elaeophylla Singer[9] 1987 Brazil
Phaeocollybia fallax A.H.Sm. 1995 USA
Phaeocollybia festiva (Fr.) R.Heim[16] 1944
Phaeocollybia flava I.A.Aguiar ex Singer[9] 1995 Brazil
Phaeocollybia graveolens B.J.Rees & K.Syme[17] 1999 Australia
Phaeocollybia gregaria A.H.Sm. & Trappe[18] 1972 USA
Phaeocollybia guzmanii Bandala & Montoya[19] 1994 Mexico
Phaeocollybia hamadryas (Fr.) Romagn.[13] 1944
Phaeocollybia herrerae Bandala & Montoya[4] 1996 Morelos
Phaeocollybia hilaris (Fr.) Romagn.[13] 1995
Phaeocollybia intermedia Corner & E.Horak[8] 1995 Indonesia, Borneo
Phaeocollybia jennyae (P.Karst.) Romagn.[13] 1944
Phaeocollybia kauffmanii (A.H.Sm.) Singer[20] 1940
Phaeocollybia lateraria A.H.Sm.[10] 1957 USA
Phaeocollybia latispora Guzmán, Bandala & Montoya[21] 1989 Mexico
Phaeocollybia lilacifolia A.H.Sm.[10] 1957 USA
Phaeocollybia longipes E.Horak[22] 1973
Phaeocollybia longistipitata Halling & E.Horak[23] 2008 Costa Rica
Phaeocollybia lugubris (Fr.) R.Heim[12] 1931
Phaeocollybia luteosquamulosa Novell[3] 2000 USA
Phaeocollybia martinicensis Guzmán, Montoya & Bandala[21] 1989 Mexico
Phaeocollybia megalospora I.A.Aguiar ex Singer[9] 1987 Brazil
Phaeocollybia mexicana Corner & E.Horak[8] 1977 Mexico
Phaeocollybia minuta E.Horak[22] 1973 New Zealand
Phaeocollybia moseri Bandala & Guzmán[4] 1996 Chiapas
Phaeocollybia muscicolor E.Horak[8] 1977 Papua New Guinea
Phaeocollybia neosimilis Singer[24] 1986
Phaeocollybia nigripes Wartchow & Coimbra[25] 2012 Brazil
Phaeocollybia ochraceocana Norvell & Exeter[26] 2007 USA
Phaeocollybia odorata E.Horak[8] 1977 Papua New Guinea
Phaeocollybia oligoporpa Singer[9] 1987 Costa Rica
Phaeocollybia olivacea A.H.Sm.[10] 1957 USA
Phaeocollybia oregonensis A.H.Sm. & Trappe[18] 1972 USA
Phaeocollybia parvispora Corner & E.Horak[8] 1977 Singapore
Phaeocollybia phaeogaleroides Norvell[27] 2002 USA
Phaeocollybia piceae A.H.Sm. & Trappe [18] 1972 USA
Phaeocollybia pleurocystidiata Norvell & Redhead[3] 2000 USA
Phaeocollybia primulina (Berk.) E.Horak[8] 1977
Phaeocollybia procera E.Horak[8] 1977 Papua New Guinea
Phaeocollybia pseudofestiva A.H.Sm.[10] 1957 USA
Phaeocollybia pseudolugubris Bandala & E.Horak[4] 1996 Mexico
Phaeocollybia purpurea T.Z.Wei, S.Z.Fu, P.P.Qu & Y.J.Yao[28] 2010 China
Phaeocollybia quercetorum Singer[9] 1995 Costa Rica
Phaeocollybia querqueti Corner & E.Horak[8] 1977 Indonesia, Borneo
Phaeocollybia radicata (Murrill) Singer[6] 1951 USA
Phaeocollybia rancida E.Horak[29] 1974 India, Himachal Pradesh
Phaeocollybia ratticauda E.Horak[22] 1973 New Zealand
Phaeocollybia redheadii Norvell[3] 2000 Canada
Phaeocollybia rifflipes Norvell[27] 2002 USA
Phaeocollybia rufipes H.E.Bigelow[30] 1963
Phaeocollybia rufotubulina Norvell[31] 2004
Phaeocollybia scatesiae A.H.Sm. & Trappe[18] 1972 USA
Phaeocollybia similis (Bres.) Singer[6] 1951 China
Phaeocollybia singeri Guzmán, Bandala & Montoya[21] 1989 Mexico
Phaeocollybia singularis E.Horak & Halling[2] 1991 Colombia
Phaeocollybia sipei A.H.Sm.[10] 1957 USA
Phaeocollybia smithii Bandala & Montoya[19] 1995 USA
Phaeocollybia spadicea A.H.Sm.[10] 1957 USA
Phaeocollybia sparsilamellae P.G.Liu[32] 1995 China
Phaeocollybia spoliata E.Horak[29] 1974
Phaeocollybia subarduennensis Singer[9] 1987 Costa Rica
Phaeocollybia subattenuata Singer[1] 1962 Bolivia, Pando, Madre de Dios
Phaeocollybia tasmanica B.J.Rees & A.E.Wood[7] 1996 Australia
Phaeocollybia tentaculata E.Horak[8] 1995 Papua New Guinea
Phaeocollybia tibiikauffmanii Norvell[31] 1995
Phaeocollybia viridis E.Horak[8] 1995 Papua New Guinea
References
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In the shape of a tibia bone, that is, with a long narrow neck with an apex that is swollen into a knob, like a tibia.
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