Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Fungi
Subregnum: Dikarya
Divisio: Ascomycota
Subdivisio: Pezizomycotina
Classis: Lecanoromycetes
Subclassis: Ostropomycetidae
Ordo: Graphidales
Familia: Gomphillaceae
Genera: Actinoplaca – Aderkomyces – Aplanocalenia – Arthotheliopsis – Asterothyrium – Aulaxina – Calenia – Caleniopsis – Cladosterigma – Diploschistella – Echinoplaca – Ferraroa – Gomphillus – Gyalectidium – Gyalidea – Gyalideopsis – Hippocrepidea – Jamesiella – Lithogyalideopsis – Paratricharia – Phyllogyalidea – Psorotheciopsis – Rolueckia – Rubrotricha – Taitaia – Tricharia
Name
Gomphillaceae Walt.Watson ex Hafellner, Beih. Nova Hedwigia 79: 280 (1984).
Index Fungorum: IF 81863
MycoBank: MB 81863
Type Genus: Gomphillus Nyl., Mém. Soc. Imp. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg 3: 186 (1855). [MycoBank #2108]
Homotypic synonym
Gomphillaceae Walt.Watson, New Phytol. 28(1): 31 (1929). [MycoBank #547007]
Gomphilloideae Rivas Plata, Lücking & Lumbsch, Fungal Diversity 52(1): 108 (2011). [MycoBank #563410] (subfamily)
Heterotypic synonyms
Asterothyriaceae Walt.Watson, New Phytol. 28(1): 33 (1929). [MycoBank #547009]
Asterothyriaceae Walt.Watson ex R.Sant., Symb. Bot. Upsal. 12(1): 316 (1952). [MycoBank #80498]
References
Hafellner, J. 1984. Studien in Richtung einer natürlicheren Gliederung der Sammelfamilien Lecanoraceae und Lecideaceae. Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia 79: 241–371. RLL (PDF) Reference page.
Rivas Plata, E., Lücking, R. & Lumbsch, H.T. 2012. A new classification for the family Graphidaceae (Ascomycota: Lecanoromycetes: Ostropales). Fungal Diversity 52(1): 107–121. DOI: 10.1007/s13225-011-0135-8 Hybrid open access journal. ResearchGate Open access. Reference page.
Santesson, R. 1952. Foliicolous Lichens. I. A revision of the taxonomy of the obligately foliicolous, lichenized fungi. Symbolae Botanicae Upsalienses 12(1): 1–590. Reference page.
Watson, W. 1929. The Classification of Lichens. Part I. The New Phytologist 28(1): 1–36. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1929.tb06745.x Open access. JSTOR Hybrid open access journal. Reference page.
Guterres DC, Dos Santos MD, Silva RA, Souza ES, Soares WR, Pinho DB, Dianese JC. Cladosterigma: an enigmatic fungus, previously considered a basidiomycete, now revealed as an ascomycete member of the Gomphillaceae. Mycologia. 2020 Jul 17:1-8. DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2020.1781501
Vernacular names
The Gomphillaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Graphidales. Species in this family are found mostly in tropical regions.[1]
Description
The family Gomphillaceae is characterized by its crust-like thallus, which is the outer layer of the lichen body. These lichens contain chlorococcoid photobionts, which are symbiotic algae that help the lichen to produce food through photosynthesis. The reproductive structures of Gomphillaceae lichens, known as ascomata, can be apothecioid or lirellate in form. Apothecia occur in a few forms, including biatorine or zeorine to sometimes lecideine.[2]
The internal structure of hymenium (the fertile, spore-producing part of the lichen), called the hamathecium, consists primarily of branched and interwoven paraphyses. The asci, or spore-producing sacs, are annelasceous and feature a distinctive apical tholus and ring structure. They can be clavate, oblong, or fusiform in shape and do not exhibit any amyloid properties. These asci typically produce eight ascospores, although some may produce fewer, ranging from one to four spores. The ascospores are hyaline (transparent), and have thin walls and distinct eusepta. They can be ellipsoid or oblong in shape, and their internal divisions (septa) can be transverse or muriform.[2]
Gomphillaceae lichens also produce conidiomata, which are asexual reproductive structures. These are mostly hyphophores, and the conidia are formed as branched hyphae, called diahyphae, within gelatinous masses. The conidia are typically septate, often taking on a moniliform or bead-like appearance, and are also hyaline. In terms of secondary chemistry, Gomphillaceae lichens generally lack any notable substances.[2]
Genera
According to a recent (2022) estimate, the Gomphillaceae comprise 26 genera and about 425 species. The following list indicates the genus name, the taxonomic authority, year of publication, and the number of species:[3]
Actinoplaca Müll.Arg. (1891) – 2 spp.
Aderkomyces Bat. (1961) – 30 spp.
Aplanocalenia Lücking, Sérus. & Vězda (2005) – 1 sp.
Arthotheliopsis Vain. (1896) – 5 spp.
Asterothyrium Müll.Arg. (1890) – 32 spp.
Aulaxina Fée (1825) – 14 spp.
Calenia Müll.Arg. (1890) – 30 spp.
Caleniopsis Vězda & Poelt (1987) – 2 spp.
Corticifraga D.Hawksw. & R.Sant. (1990) – 9 spp.
Diploschistella Vain. (1926) – 4 spp.
Echinoplaca Fée (1825) – 40 spp.
Ferraroa Lücking, Sérus. & Vězda (2005) – 1 sp.
Gomphillus Nyl. (1855) – 6 spp.
Gyalectidium Müll.Arg. (1881) – 52 spp.
Gyalidea Lettau ex Vězda (1996) – 50 spp.
Gyalideopsis Vězda (1972) – 91 spp.
Hippocrepidea Sérus. (1997) – 1 sp.
Jamesiella Lücking, Sérus. & Vězda (2005) – 4 spp.
Lithogyalideopsis Lücking, Sérus. & Vězda (2005) – 4 spp.
Paragyalideopsis Etayo (2017) – 4 spp.
Paratricharia Lücking (1997) – 1 spp.
Phyllogyalidea Lücking & Aptroot (2008) – 2 spp.
Psorotheciopsis Rehm (1900) – 7 spp.
Rolueckia Papong, Thammath. & Boonpr. (2008) – 3 spp.
Taitaia Suija, Kaasalainen, Kirika & Rikkinen (2018) – 1 spp.
Tricharia Fée (1825) – ca. 30 spp.
References
Cannon PF; Kirk PM (2007). Fungal Families of the World. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. pp. 142–143. ISBN 978-0-85199-827-5.
Jaklitsch, Walter; Baral, Hans-Otto; Lücking, Robert; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2016). Frey, Wolfgang (ed.). Syllabus of Plant Families: Adolf Engler's Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien. Vol. 1/2 (13 ed.). Berlin Stuttgart: Gebr. Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung, Borntraeger Science Publishers. pp. 140–141. ISBN 978-3-443-01089-8. OCLC 429208213.
Wijayawardene, N.N.; Hyde, K.D.; Dai, D.Q.; Sánchez-García, M.; Goto, B.T.; Saxena, R.K.; et al. (2022). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa – 2021". Mycosphere. 13 (1): 53–453 [160]. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/13/1/2. hdl:10481/76378. S2CID 249054641.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/"
All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
