Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Fungi
Subregnum: Dikarya
Divisio: Ascomycota
Subdivisio: Pezizomycotina
Classis: Sordariomycetes
Subclassis: Hypocreomycetidae
Ordo: Hypocreales
Familia: Bionectriaceae
Genus: Clonostachys
Species: C. agarwalii – C. ambigua – C. apocyni – C. aquatica – C. aranearum – C. artemisiae – C. asymmetrica – C. aurantia – C. aurantiaca – C. aureofulvella – C. australiana – C. bambusae – C. blumenaviae – C. buxicola – C. byssicola – C. candelabrum – C. candida – C. capitata – C. chlorina – C. chloroleuca – C. chongqingensis – C. chuyangsinensis – C. coccicola – C. compacta – C. compactiuscula – C. cylindrica – C. cylindrospora – C. dichotoma – C. divergens – C. ellipsoidea – C. epichloe – C. eriocamporesiana – C. eriocamporesii – C. essexcoheniae – C. farinosa – C. flava – C. fujianensis – C. fusca – C. garysamuelsii – C. gibberosa – C. gneti – C. grammicospora – C. grammicosporopsis – C. granuligera – C. hongkongensis – C. impariphialis – C. indica – C. intermedia – C. kowhai – C. krabiensis – C. kunmingensis – C. lasiacidis – C. leptoderma – C. leucaenae – C. levigata – C. longiphialidica – C. lucifer – C. manihotis – C. mellea – C. moreaui – C. oblongispora – C. obovatispora – C. oligospora – C. pallens – C. palmae – C. parasporodochialis – C. parva – C. penicillata – C. phyllophila – C. pilosella – C. pityrodes – C. pnagiana – C. popul – C. pseudobotrytis – C. pseudochroleuca – C. pseudosetosa – C. pseudostriata – C. pseudostriatopsis – C. pulvinata – C. ralfsii – C. reniformis – C. rhinolophicola – C. rhizophaga – C. rogersoniana – C. rosea – C. rossmaniae – C. samuelsii – C. saulensis – C. sesquicillii – C. setosa – C. shanghaiensis – C. simmonsii – C. solani – C. spinulosa – C. spinulosispora – C. sporodochialis – C. squamuligera – C. subquaternata – C. swieteniae – C. theobromae – C. tonduzii – C. tornata – C. truncata – C. vacuolata – C. venezuelae – C. verrucispora – C. vesiculosa – C. viticola – C. wenpingii – C. zelandiae-novae
Name
Clonostachys Corda, Pracht-Fl. Eur. Schimmelbild. (Leipzig und Dresden): 31 (1839)
Type Species: Clonostachys araucaria Corda 1839 (= synonym of Clonostachys rosea (Link) Schroers, Samuels, Seifert & W. Gams)
Synonyms
Bionectria Speg., Boln Acad. nac. Cienc. Córdoba 23(3-4): 563 (1918)
Clonostachyopsis Höhn., Sber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-naturw. Kl., Abt. 1 116: 149 (1907)
Sesquicillium W. Gams, Acta bot. neerl. 17(6): 455 (1968)
Spicaria Harting, Nieuwe Verh. Eerste Kl. Kon. Nederl. Inst. Wetensch. Amsterdam, ser. 2 12: 226 (1846)
References
Primary references
Corda, A.C.J. 1839. Pracht-Flora Europaeischer Schimmelbildungen. VIII + 55 pages, XXV plate. Leipzig, Dresden : Fleischer. MDZ Reference page.
Links
Index Fungorum: IF 7701
MycoBank: MB 7701
Clonostachys is a genus of fungi in the order Hypocreales and family Bionectriaceae.
Clonostachys has a worldwide distribution and is commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions (Schroers 2001;[2] Domsch et al. 2007).[3] Species in the genus are saprobes, endophytes, plant pathogens and mycoparasites from various habitats including soil (Schroers 2001;[2] Toledo et al. 2006;[4] Zhang et al. 2008;[5] Moreira et al. 2016).
Clonostachys rosea is of interest as a biological pest control agent.[5]
Species
75 species were included by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility[6] As of 2023, 60 species are listed Species Fungorum:[7]
Clonostachys agarwalii (Kushwaha) Schroers
Clonostachys ambigua (Penz. & Sacc.) Forin & Vizzini (2020)
Clonostachys apocyni (Peck) Rossman, L.Lombard & Crous
Clonostachys aranearum Wan H.Chen, Y.F.Han, J.D.Liang, X.Zou, Z.Q.Liang & D.C.Jin
Clonostachys asymmetrica (Samuels) Schroers
Clonostachys aurantia (Penz. & Sacc.) Rossman, L.Lombard & Crous
Clonostachys blumenaviae (Rehm) Rossman, L.Lombard & Crous
Clonostachys candelabrum (Bonord.) Schroers
Clonostachys candida Harz
Clonostachys chlorina Schroers
Clonostachys chloroleuca G.M.Moreira, L.M.Abreu, Pfenning & Schroers
Clonostachys chongqingensis Z.Q. Zeng & W.Y. Zhuang (2022)
Clonostachys coccicola (J.A.Stev.) H.T.Dao
Clonostachys compacta Petch
Clonostachys compactiuscula (Sacc.) D.Hawksw. & W.Gams
Clonostachys coxeniae Y.P. Tan, Marney, Hywel-Jones & R.G. Shivas (2023)
Clonostachys cylindrospora Höhn.
Clonostachys dichotoma Bayl.Ell.
Clonostachys divergens Schroers
Clonostachys eriocamporesiana R.H. Perera & K.D. Hyde (2020)
Clonostachys essexcoheniae Y.P. Tan, Bishop-Hurley & R.G. Shivas (2023)
Clonostachys farinosa (Henn.) Rossman
Clonostachys gibberosa (Schroers) Rossman, L.Lombard & Crous (2015)
Clonostachys granuligera (Starbäck) Forin & Vizzini (2020)
Clonostachys indica Prasher & R.Chauhan
Clonostachys intermedia Schroers
Clonostachys krabiensis Tibpromma & K.D.Hyde (2018)
Clonostachys leptoderma Z.Q. Zeng & W.Y. Zhuang (2022)
Clonostachys leucaenae R.H. Perera & K.D. Hyde (2023)
Clonostachys manihotis (Rick) Rossman, L.Lombard & Crous (2015)
Clonostachys mellea (Teng & S.H.Ou) Z.Q.Zeng & W.Y.Zhuang (2017)
Clonostachys moreaui Lechat, J. Fourn. & Gasch (2020)
Clonostachys oligospora Z.Q. Zeng & W.Y. Zhuang (2022)
Clonostachys pallens (Penz. & Sacc.) Forin & Vizzini (2020)
Clonostachys parva (Schroers) Rossman, L.Lombard & Crous (2015)
Clonostachys phyllophila Schroers (2001)
Clonostachys pilosella Lechat & J. Fourn. (2020)
Clonostachys pnagiana Lechat & J. Fourn. (2020)
Clonostachys populi Harz (1871)
Clonostachys pseudobotrytis Höhn. (1902)
Clonostachys pseudosetosa (Samuels) Schroers (2001)
Clonostachys pseudostriatopsis Hirooka & Tak.Kobay. (2007)
Clonostachys pulvinata Petch (1927)
Clonostachys rhizophaga Schroers (2001)
Clonostachys rogersoniana Schroers (2001)
Clonostachys rosea (Link) Schroers, Samuels, Seifert & W.Gams (1999)
Clonostachys saulensis Lechat & J.Fourn. (2019)
Clonostachys simmonsii Massee (1907)
Clonostachys spinulosa R.H. Perera, E.B.G. Jones & K.D. Hyde (2023)
Clonostachys spinulosispora Lechat & J.Fourn. (2018)
Clonostachys squamuligera (Sacc.) Forin & Vizzini (2020)
Clonostachys swieteniae R.H. Perera, E.B.G. Jones & K.D. Hyde (2020)
Clonostachys tonduzii (Speg.) Rossman, L.Lombard & Crous (2015)
Clonostachys tornata (Höhn.) Rossman, L.Lombard & Crous (2015)
Clonostachys truncata (J.Luo & W.Y.Zhuang) Z.Q.Zeng & W.Y.Zhuang (2017)
Clonostachys vesiculosa (J.Luo & W.Y.Zhuang) Z.Q.Zeng & W.Y.Zhuang (2017)
Clonostachys viticola C. Torcato & A. Alves (2020)
Clonostachys wenpingii (J.Luo & W.Y.Zhuang) Z.Q.Zeng & W.Y.Zhuang (2014)
Former species (all are Bionectriaceae, except if mentioned);[7]
C. araucaria Corda (1839) = Clonostachys rosea
C. araucaria var. compacta Preuss (1853) = Clonostachys rosea
C. araucaria var. confusa Pinkerton (1936) = Clonostachys rosea
C. araucaria var. rosea Preuss (1853) = Clonostachys rosea
C. aureofulvella Schroers (2001) = Bionectria aureofulvella
C. buxi (J.C. Schmidt ex Link) Schroers (2001) = Pseudonectria buxi, Nectriaceae
C. byssicola Schroers (2001) = Bionectria byssicola
C. capitata Schroers (2001) = Bionectria capitata
C. catenulata (J.C. Gilman & E.V. Abbott) B. Jensen, D.F. Jensen & J. Larsen (2008) = Clonostachys rosea
C. cylindrospora G. Arnaud (1952) = Clonostachys compactiuscula
C. epichloe Schroers (2001) = Bionectria epichloe
C. grammicospora Schroers & Samuels (2001) = Bionectria grammicospora
C. grammicosporopsis Schroers & Samuels (2001) = Bionectria grammicosporopsis
C. impariphialis (Samuels) Schroers (2001) = Bionectria impariphialis
C. kowhai Schroers (2001) = Bionectria kowhai
C. lasiacidis Schroers (2001) = Bionectria lasiacidis
C. levigata Schroers (2001) = Bionectria levigata
C. lucifer Schroers & Samuels (2001) = Bionectria lucifer
C. macrospora (Sacc. & Ellis) Schroers & W. Gams (2001) = Clonostachys apocyni
C. miodochialis Schroers (2001) = Clonostachys parva
C. oblongispora Schroers (2001) = Bionectria oblongispora
C. pityrodes Schroers (2001) = Bionectria pityrodes
C. populi var. aesculi Oudem. (1904) = Clonostachys populi
C. pseudochroleuca Schroers (2001) = Bionectria pseudochroleuca
C. pseudostriata Schroers (2001) = Bionectria pseudostriata
C. ralfsii Schroers (2001) = Bionectria ralfsii
C. rosea f. catenulata (J.C. Gilman & E.V. Abbott) Schroers (2001) = Clonostachys rosea
C. rossmaniae Schroers (2001) = Bionectria rossmaniae
C. samuelsii Schroers (2001) = Bionectria samuelsii
C. sesquicillii Schroers (2001) = Bionectria sesquicillii
C. setosa (Vittal) Schroers (2001) = Bionectria setosa
C. solani (Harting) Schroers & W. Gams (2001) = Bionectria solani
C. solani f. nigrovirens (J.F.H. Beyma) Schroers (2001) = Bionectria solani
C. spectabilis (Harz) Sacc. (1886) = Peziza ostracoderma, Pezizaceae
C. sporodochialis Schroers (2001) = Bionectria sporodochialis
C. subquaternata Schroers & Samuels (2001) = Bionectria subquaternata
C. verrucispora Schroers (2001) = Bionectria verrucispora
C. zelandiae-novae Schroers (2001) = Bionectria zelandiae-novae
References
Corda ACJ (1839) Pracht-Fl. Eur. Schimmelbild. 31
Schroers, H.J. (2001). "A monograph of Bionectria (Ascomycota, Hypocreales, Bionectriaceae) and its Clonostachys anamorphs". Stud Mycol. 46: 1–214.
Domsch, K.H.; Gams, W.; Anderson, T. (2007). Compendium of soil fungi (2nd ed.). Verlag, Eching: IHW.
Toledo, A.V.; Virla, E.; Humber, R.A.; Paradell, S.L.; Lastra, C.C.L. (2006). "First record of Clonostachys rosea (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) as an entomopathogenic fungus of Oncometopia tucumana and Sonesimia grossa (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in Argentina". Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 92: 7–10.
Zhang, L.; Yang, J.; Niu, Q.; Zhao, X.; Ye, F.; Liang, L.; Zhang, K.Q. (2008). "Investigation on the infection mechanism of the fungus Clonostachys rosea against nematodes using the green fluorescent protein". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 78: 983–990.
GBIF: Clonostachys Corda
"Species Fungorum - Search Page". www.speciesfungorum.org. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/"
All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
