Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Fungi
Subregnum: Dikarya
Divisio: Ascomycota
Subdivisio: Pezizomycotina
Classis: Lecanoromycetes
Subclassis: Lecanoromycetidae
Ordo: Lecanorales
Familia: Parmeliaceae
SubFamilia: Parmelioideae
Genus: Bryoria
Species: B. abietina – B. acanthodes – B. alaskana – B. ambigua – B. americana – B. araucana – B. asiatica – B. austromontana – B. barbata – B. bicolor – B. carlottae – B. carpatica – B. catharinae – B. cervinula – B. confusa – B. cornicularioides – B. dahlii – B. divergescens – B. fabiszewskiana – B. fastigiata – B. fennica – B. flexuosa – B. forsteri – B. fremontii – B. friabilis – B. fruticulosa – B. furcellata – B. fuscescens – B. glabra – B. hengduanensis – B. himalayensis – B. inactiva – B. indonesica – B. irwinii – B. kockiana – B. lactinea – B. lanestris – B. levis – B. mariensis – B. mirabilis – B. motykae – B. motykana – B. nadvornikiana – B. nepalensis – B. nitidula – B. orientalis – B. osteola – B. pellucida – B. perspinosa – B. pikei – B. poeltii – B. positiva – B. pseudocyphellata – B. pseudofuscescens – B. rigida – B. ruwenzoriensis – B. salazinica – B. setacea – B. simplicior – B. smithii – B. sophiae – B. taborensis – B. tatarkiewiczii – B. tatrica – B. tenerrima – B. tenuis – B. trichodes – B. variabilis – B. vrangiana – B. wui – B. yunnanensis
Name
Bryoria Brodo & D.Hawksw., Opera Bot. 42: 78 (1977). [MycoBank #670]
Type Species: Bryoria trichodes (Michx.) Brodo & D.Hawksw., Opera Bot. 42: 92 (1977). [MycoBank #341533]
Replaced synonym
Setaria Ach. ex Michx., Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 331 (1803). [MycoBank #5009]
Type Species: Setaria trichodes Michx., Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 331 (1803). [MycoBank #405201] (≡ Bryoria trichodes)
Heterotypic synonym
Bryopogon Link emend. Th.Fr., Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal., Ser. 3, 3: 125 (1861). [MycoBank #668]
Type Species: Bryopogon jubatus (L.) Link, Handbuch [Link] 3: 164 (1833). [MycoBank #380143] (≡ Bryoria jubata) (nom. rej.) (= Bryoria fremontii)
References
Brodo, I.M. & Hawksworth, D.L. 1977. Alectoria and allied genera in North America. Opera Botanica 42: 1–164. BHL Reference page.
Fries, T.M. 1861. Lichenes arctoi Europae Groenlandiaeque hactenus cogniti. Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, Ser. 3, 3: 103–398. BHL Reference page.
Link, H.F. 1833. Handbuch zur Erkennung der nutzbarsten und am häufigsten vorkommenden Gewächse. Dritter Theil. – Grundriss der Kräuterkunde zu Vorlesungen entworfen von D. Carl Ludwig Willdenow. Vierter (Praktischer) Theil. pp. [I]–XVIII, [1]–536. Berlin: In der Haude und Spenerschen Buchhandlung. BHL Google Books Reference page.
Michaux, A. 1803. Flora Boreali-Americana: sistens caracteres plantarum quas in America septentrionali collegit et detexit Andreas Michaux. Vol. 2. 340 pp. Parisiis et Argentorati [Paris & Strasbourg]: fratres Levrault. BHL Reference page.
Additional references
Brodo, I.M., Sharnoff, S.D. & Sharnoff, S. 2001. Bryoria (pp. 179–186) In, Lichens of North America. Yale University Press, New Haven, 795 pages.
Bystrek, J. Fabiszewski, J. 1998. Materials to North American lichen flora. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 67(1): 87–93. (RLL List # 180 / Rec. # 20903 – Recent Literature on Lichens)
Common, R.S. 1991. The distribution and taxonomic significance of lichenan and isolichenan in the Parmeliaceae (lichenized Ascomycotina), as determined by iodine reactions. I. Introduction and methods. II. The genus Alectoria and associated taxa. Mycotaxon 41(1): 67–112. (RLL List # / Rec. # 3452 – Recent Literature on Lichens) (Web site)
Dobson, F.S. 2000. (Fourth edition) Bryoria (pp. 77–79) In, Lichens: An illustrated guide to the British and Irish species. The Richmond Publishing Co., Ltd., Slough, England, 431 pp.
Goward, T. 1999. The lichens of British Columbia - Illustrated Keys - Part 2 - Fruticose Species. Province of British Columbia, Ministry of Forests Research Program, 319 pp. (RLL List # 176 / Rec.# 6980 - Recent Literature on Lichens) Online Reference page. : Bryoria Brodo & D. Hawksw. (pp. 54–68)
Hinds, J.W. & Hinds, P.L. 2007. Bryoria Brodo & D. Hawksw. (1977) (pp. 130–140) In, The Macrolichens of New England. The New York Botanical Garden Press, 584 pp.
Kärnefelt, I. & Thell, A. 1992. The evaluation of characters in lichenized families, exemplified with the alectorioid and some parmelioid genera. Plant Systematics and Evolution 180: 181–204. (RLL List # 150 / Rec. # 9610 – Recent Literature on Lichens)
McCune, B & Goward, T. 1995. Macrolichens of the Northern Rocky Mountains. (Bryoria: pp. 62-68). Mad River Press, Eureka, California. 208 pp. (RLL List # 160 / Rec. # 12650 – Recent Literature on Lichens)
McCune, B. & Geiser, L. 1997. Macrolichens of the Pacific Northwest. Oregon State University Press/U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Corvallis. xiv + 386 pp. (RLL List # 169 / Rec. # 12649 – Recent Literature on Lichens)
Myllys, L., Velmala, S., Holien, H., Halonen, P., Wang, L.-S. & Goward, T. 2011. Phylogeny of the genus Bryoria. Lichenologist 43(6): 617–638.
Purvis, O.W. 1992. Bryoria Brodo & D. Hawksw. (1997) (pp. 124–129) In: Purvis, O.W., Coppins, B.J., Hawksworth, D.L., James, P.W. & Moore, D.M. (eds.) The Lichen Flora of Great Britain and Ireland. London: Natural History Museum Publication, 710 pp.
Ryan, B.D. 2002. Bryoria (pp. 109-114) In: Nash III, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C. & Bungartz, F. (eds.), Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region, Vol. 1. Lichens Unlimited, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 532 pages.
Thomson, J.W. 1984. Bryoria Brodo & Hawksw. (pp. 53–69). In, American Arctic Lichens: 1. The Macrolichens. Columbia University Press, New York, 504 pages.
Wirth, V. 1995. Bryoria Brodo & D.Hawksw. (pp. 182–189) – Teil 1) In, Die Flechten Baden-Württembergs, Teil 1 & 2. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co., Stuttgart. 1006 pp. (German)
Links
Index Fungorum: IF 670
MycoBank: MB 670
Bryoria in GBIF
Vernacular names
English: Horsehair lichens, Tree-hair lichens, Bear hair
日本語: ハリガネキノリ属
Nederlands: Paardenhaarmos
Bryoria is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Parmeliaceae. Many members of this genus are known as horsehair lichens.[2] The genus has a widespread distribution, especially in boreal and cool temperate areas.
Taxonomy
Bryoria was circumscribed in 1977 by lichenologists Irwin Brodo and David Hawksworth, with Bryoria trichodes as the type species.[3]
Description
Bryoria species are fruticose, slender and hair-like, tending to grow hanging (pendent) or like a small bush. They range in colour from dark brown to pale greyish brown to grey in some species. Ascospores are colourless, ellipsoid, numbering eight per ascus.[4]
Other hair-like lichens that may be confused with Bryoria include dark brown species of Bryocaulon, Nodobryoria, Pseudephebe, Alectoria, or Cetraria.[4]
Habitat and distribution
Found almost exclusively on conifers, or on tundra soil,[4] Bryoria collectively has a widespread distribution, especially in boreal and cool temperate areas.[5]
Species
Bryoria pseudofuscescens (left) and B. capillaris (right)
Bryoria alaskana Goward & Myllys (2016)[6]
Bryoria araucana Boluda, D.Hawksw. & V.J.Rico (2015)[7] – Chile
Bryoria barbata Li S.Wang & D.Liu (2017)[8] – China
Bryoria bicolor (Hoffm.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977) – Electric horsehair lichen[9]
Bryoria capillaris (Ach.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977)
Bryoria carlottae – Languid horsehair lichen[9]
Bryoria cervinula – Mottled horsehair lichen[9]
Bryoria chalybeiformis (L.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977)
Bryoria fastigiata Li S.Wang & H.Harada (2006)[10]
Bryoria forsteri Olech & Bystrek (2004)[11] – Antarctica
Bryoria fremontii (Tuck.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977) – Edible horsehair lichen[9]
Bryoria friabilis – Friable horsehair lichen[9]
Bryoria fruticulosa Li S.Wang & Myllys (2017)[8] – China
Bryoria furcellata (Fr.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977) – Burred horsehair lichen[9]
Bryoria fuscescens (Gyeln.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977) – Pale-footed horsehair lichen[9]
Bryoria glabra – Shiny horsehair lichen[9]
Bryoria hengduanensis Li S.Wang & H.Harada (2003)[12] – China
Bryoria implexa (Hoffm.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977)
Bryoria inactiva Goward, Velmala & Myllys (2013)[13]
Bryoria irwinii Goward & Myllys (2016)[6]
Bryoria kockiana Velmala, Myllys & Goward (2013)[13] – Kock's horsehair lichen[9]
Bryoria lanestris (Ach.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977)
Bryoria nadvornikiana (Gyeln.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977) – Blonde horsehair lichen[9]
Bryoria nitidula (Th. Fr.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977) – Tundra horsehair lichen[9]
Bryoria pikei – Streaked horsehair lichen[9]
Bryoria pseudofuscescens (Gyeln.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977) – Mountain horsehair lichen[9]
Bryoria rigida P.M.Jørg. & Myllys (2012)[14] – Asia
Bryoria salazinica – Salazinic acid horsehair lichen[9]
Bryoria simplicior – Spangled horsehair lichen[9]
Bryoria smithii (Du Rietz) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977)
Bryoria subcana (Nyl. ex Stizenb.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977)
Bryoria tenuis (E.Dahl) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977) – Pied horsehair lichen[9])
Bryoria trichodes (Michx.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977) – Inelegant horsehair lichen[9]
Bryoria vrangiana (Gyeln.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. (1977)
Bryoria wui Li S.Wang (2017)[8] – China
Bryoria yunnanensis Li S.Wang & Xin Y.Wang (2017)[8] – China
See also
List of Parmeliaceae genera
References
"Synonymy: Bryoria Brodo & D. Hawksw". Species Fungorum. Retrieved May 24, 2020.
Smith HB, Dal Grande F, Muggia L, Keuler R, Divakar PK, Grewe F, Schmitt I, Lumbsch HT, Leavitt SD (2020). "Metagenomic data reveal diverse fungal and algal communities associated with the lichen symbiosis". Symbiosis. 82 (1–2): 133–147. doi:10.1007/s13199-020-00699-4. hdl:11577/3440801.
Brodo, I.M.; Hawksworth, D.L. (1977). "Alectoria and allied genera in North America". Opera Botanica. 42: 1–164.
Brodo, Irwin M.; Sharnoff, Sylvia Duran; Sharnoff, Stephen (2001). Lichens of North America. Yale University Press. p. 179. ISBN 978-0300082494.
Kirk, P.M.; Cannon, P.F.; Minter, D.W.; Stalpers, J.A. (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CAB International. p. 105. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
Myllys, Leena; Velmala, Saara; Pino-Bodas, Raquel; Goward, Trevor (2016). "New species in Bryoria (Parmeliaceae, Lecanoromycetes) from north-west North America". Lichenologist. 48 (5): 355–365. doi:10.1017/S0024282916000268. S2CID 88755829.
Boluda, Carlos G.; Divakar, Pradeep K.; Hawksworth, David L.; Villagra, Johana; Rico, Víctor J. (2015). "Molecular studies reveal a new species of Bryoria in Chile". Lichenologist. 47 (6): 387–394. doi:10.1017/S0024282915000298. S2CID 90538905.
Wang, Li Song; Wang, Xin Yu; Liu, Dong; Myllys, Leena; Shi, Hai Xia; Zhang, Yan Yun; Yang, Mei Xia; Li, Li Juan (2017). "Four new species of Bryoria (Lichenized Ascomycota: Parmeliaceae) from the Hengduan Mountains, China". Phytotaxa. 297 (1): 29. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.297.1.3.
"Standardized Common Names for Wild Species in Canada". National General Status Working Group. 2020.
Wang, Li Song; Harada, Hiroshi; Koh, Y.J.; Hur, Jae-Seoun (2006). "Taxonomic study of Bryoria (Lichenized Ascomycota, Parmeliaceae) from the Sino-Himalaya (2). Bryoria fastigiata sp. nov". Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory. 100: 865–870.
Olech, Maria; Bystrek, Jan (2004). "Bryoria forsteri (lichenized Ascomycotina), a new species from Antarctica". Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae. 73 (2): 151–153. doi:10.5586/asbp.2004.021.
Wang, L.S.; Harada, H.; Narui, T.; Culberson, C.F.; Culberson, W.L. (2003). "Bryoria hengduanensis (Lichenized Ascomycota, Parmeliaceae), a new species from Southern China". Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica. 54 (2): 99–104.
Velmala, Saara; Myllys, Leena; Goward, Trevor; Holien, Håkon; Halonen, Pekka (2014). "Taxonomy of Bryoria section Implexae (Parmeliaceae, Lecanoromycetes) in North America and Europe, based on chemical, morphological and molecular data". Annales Botanici Fennici. 51 (6): 345–371. doi:10.5735/085.051.0601. S2CID 86126379.
Jørgensen, Per M.; Myllys, Leena; Velmala, Saara; Wang, Li-Song (2012). "Bryoria rigida, a new Asian lichen species from the Himalayan region". Lichenologist. 44 (6): 777–781. doi:10.1017/S0024282912000370. S2CID 83906897.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/"
All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
