Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Fungi
Subregnum: Dikarya
Divisio: Ascomycota
Subdivisio: Pezizomycotina
Classis: Lecanoromycetes
Subclassis: Lecanoromycetidae
Ordo: Lecanorales
Familia: Lecanoraceae
Genus: Bryonora
Species: B. castanea – B. corallina – B. curvescens – B. peltata – B. pruinosa – B. pulvinar – B. reducta – B. septentrionalis – B. stipitata – B. yeti
Name
Bryonora Poelt, 1983
Family: Lecanoraceae
Typification Details: Bryonora castanea (Hepp) Poelt 1983
References
Poelt, J. (1983) Bryonora, eine neue Gattung der Lecanoraceae. - Nova Hedwigia 38: 73–111. (RLL List # 120-104 / Rec. # 14877 - Recent Literature on Lichens)
Holtan-Hartwig, J. (1991) A revision of the lichens Bryonora castanea and B. curvescens. - Mycotaxon 40: 295–305. (RLL List # / Rec. # 8682 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (Web site)
Øvstedal, D.O. and Lewis Smith, R.I. (2001) Lichens of Antarctica and South Georgia: A Guide to Their Identification and Ecology. - Studies in Polar Research, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England. 411 pp. (RLL List # 184 / Rec. # 22403 - Recent Literature on Lichens)
Poelt, J. and Mayrhofer, H. (1988) Uber Cyanotrophie bei Flechten. - Plant Systematics and Evolution 158(2-4): 265–281. (RLL List # 137 / Rec. # 14751 - Recent Literature on Lichens)
Poelt, J. and Obermayer, W. (1991) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Flechtenflora des Himalaya II. Die Gattung Bryonora (Lichenes, Lecanoraceae) zugleich eine Revision aller Arten. - Nova Hedwigia 53(1-2): 1–26. (RLL List # / Rec. # 14755 - Recent Literature on Lichens)
Thomson, J.W. (1997) Bryonora Poelt (pp. 121-123) In American Arctic Lichens: 2. The Microlichens. The University of Wisconsin Press, 675 pages. (RLL List # 170 / Rec. # 18517 - Recent Literature on Lichens)
USDA Plants Database
North American Lichen Checklist, Version (#17) 16 May 2011
Index Fungorum
MycoBank
Vernacular names
English: Bryonora lichens
日本語: ムラサキツブミイボゴケ属
Bryonora is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Lecanoraceae.[1] These lichens typically grow on soil, mosses, plant debris, or rocks in arctic or alpine environments. The genus was circumscribed in 1983 by lichenologist Josef Poelt, with Bryonora castanea assigned as the type species.[2]
Taxonomy
Phylogenetic studies have confirmed Bryonora's placement within the Lecanoraceae. The genus Bryodina, previously considered separate, is now treated as a synonym of Bryonora based on molecular evidence.[3]
As of 2022, the genus comprises 15 accepted species.[3] Recent taxonomic changes include the description of a new species, Bryonora microlepis, and the transfer of Lecanora castaneoides to Bryonora as B. castaneoides.[3]
Description
Bryonora species exhibit various thallus types, including crustose (forming a crust-like layer), squamulose (composed of small, scale-like structures), and subfruticose (somewhat shrub-like).[3] The reproductive structures, called apothecia, can vary in appearance among species, with some having a distinct rim (margin) around the spore-producing surface (disc).[3]
Some Bryonora species contain lichen substances such as norstictic acid or stictic acid, which can be detected through chemical tests and are useful for identification.[3]
Key features distinguishing Bryonora from other genera in the Lecanoraceae include its ecology, thallus structure, and details of its reproductive structures.[3]
Habitat and distribution
Bryonora species are primarily found in arctic and alpine regions. They have been reported from various locations including Norway, Sweden, Svalbard, and high-elevation areas in Asia. These lichens often grow on soil, dead mosses, plant debris, or rocks, and some species show preferences for particular substrates or environmental conditions.[3]
Species
Bryonora castanea (Hepp) Poelt (1983)
Bryonora castaneoides (H.Magn.) Arup, M.Svensson & M.Westb. (2022)[3]
Bryonora curvescens (Mudd) Poelt (1983)
Bryonora granulata Fryday (2012)[4] – Falkland Islands
Bryonora microlepis Haugan & Timdal (2022)[3] – Norway
Bryonora peltata Øvstedal (2001)[5] – Antarctica
References
Wijayawardene, N.N.; Hyde, K.D.; Dai, D.Q.; Sánchez-García, M.; Goto, B.T.; Saxena, R.K.; et al. (2022). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa – 2021". Mycosphere. 13 (1): 53–453. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/13/1/2. hdl:10481/61998.
Poelt, J. (1983). "Bryonora, eine neue Gattung der Lecanoraceae". Nova Hedwigia (in German). 38: 73–111.
Svensson, Måns; Haugan, Reidar; Timdal, Einar; Westberg, Martin; Arup, Ulf (2022). "The circumscription and phylogenetic position of Bryonora (Lecanoraceae, Ascomycota), with two additions to the genus". Mycologia. 114 (3): 516–532. doi:10.1080/00275514.2022.2037339. hdl:10852/101249. PMID 35605089.
Fryday, Alan M.; Øvstedal, Dag O. (2012). "New species, combinations and records of lichenized fungi from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)". The Lichenologist. 44 (4): 483–500. doi:10.1017/s0024282912000163.
Øvstedal, D.O.; Lewis Smith, R.I. (2001). Lichens of Antarctica and South Georgia. A Guide to their Identification and Ecology. Studies in Polar Research. Cambridge University Press. p. 109. ISBN 978-0-521-66241-3.
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