Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Spiralia
Cladus: Lophotrochozoa
Phylum: Mollusca
Classis: Gastropoda
Subclassis: Caenogastropoda
Ordo: Littorinimorpha
Superfamilia: Truncatelloidea
Familia: Tornidae
Genera (50): Adeorbella – Anticlimax – Aorotrema – Cantaurea – Caperella – Chamlongia – Circlotoma – Circuitus – Circulter – Cochliolepis – Cyclostremiscus – Discopsis – Elachorbis – Episcynia – Esmeralda – Laciniorbis – Lophocochlias – Lydiphnis – Megatyloma – Moeniatoma – Neusas – Ovini – Panastoma – Parviturboides – Peripitoma – Pleuromalaxis – Ponderinella – Pterolabrella – Pygmaerota – Scissilabra – Scrupus – Sigaretornus – Solariorbis – Teinostoma – Tornus – Tuberes – Uzumakiella – Vitridomus – Vitrinorbis – Woodringilla
Note: WoRMS also shows as an alternate represention two subfamiliae: Teinostomatinae Cossmann, 1917 & Torninae Sacco, 1896 (1884) but lists no allocation of genera.
Name
Tornidae Sacco, 1896 (1884)
Type Genus: Tornus Turton in Turton & Kingston, 1830
References
Sacco F., 1896 (1884). I Molluschi dei terreni terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria. Parte 21 (Naticidae, Modulidae, Phasianellidae, Turbinidae, Trochidae, Delphinidae, Cyclostrematidae e Tornidae). Clausen, Torino. 66 p., 4 pl. Reference page.
Additional references
Bouchet, P. & Rocroi, J.-P. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47(1–2): 1–397. BHL Reference page.
Links
Tornidae – Taxon details on World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS).
Tornidae – Taxon details on Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF).
Tornidae is a family of very small and minute sea snails with an operculum, marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Littorinimorpha. This family used to be known as the Vitrinellidae.[1] Iredale has shown that the family Adeorbidae Monterosato, 1884 should be called Tornidae [2]
Family names cited with two dates (the second one in parentheses) are those ruled by Article 40(2) of ICZN. "If ... a family-group name was replaced before 1961 because of the synonymy of the type genus, the replacement name is to be maintained if it is in prevailing usage. A name maintained by virtue of this Article retains its own author [and date, the first date cited] but takes the priority of the replaced name [the date cited in parentheses, here alluding to Adeorbidae Monterosato, 1884] [1]
General characteristics
The shells of the snails in this family are minute, colorless and glassy.
The paucispiral shell is umbilicated, auriform and depressed. The entire aperture is oblique. The shell has a simple columella, and a rounded, sharp outer lip. The corneous operculum is paucispiral, and has an eccentric nucleus.
The body of the animal differs from species in the family Trochidae by having no cirriform appendages of the foot.[3] The radula is taenioglossate. (Thiele, 1925)
Subfamilies
The following subfamilies were recognized in the 2005 taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi, but have now become alternate representations:
Circulinae Fretter & Graham, 1962
Torninae Sacco, 1896 (1884)
Teinostomatinae Cossmann, 1917 (upgraded in 2021 to family level Teinostomatidae Cossmann, 1917)
Vitrinellinae Bush, 1897
Genera
Genera in the family Tornidae include:
† Adeorbella Briart & Cornet, 1887
Anticlimax Pilsbry & McGinty, 1946
Aorotrema Schwengel & McGinty, 1942
Canimarina Aguayo & Borro, 1946: synonym of Anticlimax Pilsbry & McGinty, 1946
† Cantaurea Landau, da Silva & Heitz, 2016
Caperella Laseron, 1958
Circlotoma Laseron, 1958
Circuitus Rubio & Rolán, 2017
Circulter Laseron, 1958
Cochliolepis Stimpson, 1958
Cyclostremiscus Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945
Discopsis de Folin, 1870
Discreliotia Laseron, 1958
Elachorbis Iredale, 1914
Episcynia Mörch, 1875
Esmeralda Pilsbry & Olsson, 1952
Laciniorbis Martens, 1897
Lophocochlias Pilsbry, 1921
Lydiphnis Melvill, 1906
† Megatyloma Cossmann, 1888
Moeniatoma Laseron, 1958
Neusas Warén & Bouchet, 2001
Ovini Simone, 2013
Panastoma Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945
Parviturboides Pilsbry & McGinty, 1949
Peripitoma Laseron, 1958
Pleuromalaxis Pilsbry & McGinty, 1945
† Pterolabrella Maxwell, 1969
Pygmaeorota Kuroda & Habe, 1954
Scissilabra Bartsch, 1907
Scrupus Finlay, 1927
Sigaretornus Iredale, 1936
Solariorbis Conrad, 1865
Tholostoma Laseron, 1958
Tornus Turton & Kingston, 1830
Tuberes Rubio & Rolán, 2017
Uzumakiella Habe, 1958
Vitridomus Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945
Vitrinorbis Pilsbry & Olsson, 1952
Woodringilla Pilsbry & Olsson, 1951
Genera brought into synonymy
Adeorbis S.V. Wood, 1842: synonym of Tornus Turton & Kingston, 1830
Climacia Dall, 1903: synonym of Anticlimax Pilsbry & McGinty, 1946
Climacina Aguayo & Borro, 1946: synonym of Anticlimax Pilsbry & McGinty, 1946
Liochrysta Laseron, 1958: synonym of Pseudoliotia Tate, 1898
Lioprora Laseron, 1958: synonym of Canimarina Aguayo & Borro, 1946
Miralabrum Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945: synonym of Cyclostremiscus Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945
Ponocyclus Pilsbry, 1953: synonym of Cyclostremiscus Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945
Pygmaerota Kuroda & Habe, 1952: synonym of Pygmaeorota Kuroda & Habe, 1954
Soyorota Habe, 1961: synonym of Circulus Jeffreys, 1865
Alternate representations
Subfamily Circulinae Fretter & Graham, 1962
Subfamily Torninae Sacco, 1896 (1884)
Subfamily Vitrinellinae Bush, 1897
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tornidae.
Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2014). Tornidae Sacco, 1896 (1884). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=124 on 2014-12-03
(Iredale, Journal of Conchology, 14, 344)
George Washington Tryon, Manual of Conchology vol. X, p.13; 1888-1889
Adam W. & Knudsen J. (1969). Quelques genres de mollusques prosobranches marins ou peu connus de l'Afrique occidentale. Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique 44(27): 1-69
Backeljau, T. (1986). Lijst van de recente mariene mollusken van België [List of the recent marine molluscs of Belgium]. Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen: Brussels, Belgium. 106 pp.
Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp.
Rolán E. & Rubio F. 2002. The family Tornidae (Gastropoda, Rissooidea) in the East Atlantic. Resenas Malacologicas 13 (Suplemento), 98 pp. Sociedad Española de Malacología
Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (2005) Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47(1-2): 1-397
Rubio, F., Fernandez-Garcés, R. & Rolán, E., 2011. The family Tornidae (Gastropoda, Rissooidea) in the Caribbean and neighboring areas. Iberus 29(2): 1-230
"Tornidae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 ISBN 0-00-216906-1
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